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The Maastricht Principles on the Human Rights of Future Generations define future generations as those who do not yet exist but will inherit the Earth, asserting that human rights contain no temporal limitation. The document outlines binding obligations for States to respect, protect, and fulfil these rights, specifically highlighting the need to cease unsustainable production and consumption patterns and to phase out fossil fuels. It emphasizes the role of Indigenous Peoples' knowledge, the principle of trusteeship over the Earth, and the necessity of providing effective remedies and reparations for intergenerational harm.

The document outlines a human rights-based framework for the Loss and Damage Fund, emphasizing the need for inclusive public participation, comprehensive reparations (including non-economic losses), and public grant-based financing based on the 'polluter pays' principle to avoid increasing debt in the Global South.

The community audit documents widespread violations of environmental, land, and human rights resulting from Société Minière de Boké (SMB) operations in Guinea. Key findings include severe air and water pollution, illegal land dispossession, inadequate compensation, and negative health outcomes for local populations. The report concludes with specific community demands for restoration, fair compensation, and the abandonment of a proposed coal-fired power plant.

The 2022 baseline assessment by WWF reveals that most asset managers fail to address seafood-related E&S risks, with an average score of 13% across 38 sub-indicators. While many acknowledge biodiversity risks generally, very few have actionable policies or specific expectations for seafood investee companies. The report recommends that asset managers formalize biodiversity risk statements into policies, regularly review seafood investments against sustainable blue economy principles, and develop SMART sustainability targets.

A coalition of human rights and environmental organizations is calling on the U.S. government to unambiguously reject the disproportionate use of force and arbitrary detentions by Peruvian security forces under President Dina Boluarte, arguing that vague statements are insufficient compared to the concerns expressed by the UN, EU, and other nations.

WWF-Singapore's 2022 baseline assessment of 41 banks reveals that while over half recognize E&S risks in the seafood sector, only 20% have disclosed specific sector policies. The average score across 34 sub-indicators was 17%, with European banks showing the most robust policies and Asian and North American banks lagging. The report finds that expectations for wild-catch production are the most developed, while aquaculture and downstream requirements are lacking. WWF recommends that banks align policies with UNEP FI Sustainable Blue Economy Finance Initiative guidance, integrate seafood risks into broader thematic policies, and develop targeted 'blue' financial products.

The document notes a sharp decline in the CCPR's explicit references to climate change in its 2022 State review process compared to previous years. It highlights specific recommendations for the Philippines regarding corporate liability and for Brazil regarding carbon emissions. Most significantly, it analyzes the case of Billy et al. v. Australia, where the CCPR found that Australia violated the rights to home, private life, family, and culture by failing to implement adequate climate adaptation measures for the Torres Strait Islanders, marking the first time a human rights treaty body established a State's duty to protect people from climate impacts.

The document reviews CEDAW's 2022 activities, noting that the committee issued climate-related recommendations or questions to 30 out of 49 States considered, with a primary focus on disaster risk reduction and adaptation over mitigation. It highlights specific concerns regarding fossil fuel extraction in Uganda and Namibia and details General Recommendation No. 39, which emphasizes the rights of Indigenous women and girls to free, prior and informed consent regarding extractive and climate projects on their territories.

The CESCR frequently addressed climate change in its 2022 State reviews, focusing on mitigation policies, adaptation plans, and the phase-out of fossil fuels. The Committee emphasized the need for States to meet Paris Agreement commitments and highlighted extraterritorial obligations to ensure that domestic policies and international agreements do not adversely affect human rights in other countries. Additionally, the 2022 General Comment No. 26 on land rights stressed that climate mitigation measures, such as large-scale renewable energy projects, must include robust safeguards to protect human rights and the environment.

The report analyzes COP27 outcomes through a human rights lens, highlighting the breakthrough establishment of a Loss and Damage Fund and the first consensus-based mention of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment. However, it criticizes the failure to commit to a fossil fuel phase-out, the influence of fossil fuel lobbyists, and the 'unprecedented' restrictions on civil society participation imposed by the host country, Egypt. The document also notes missed opportunities in the Action Plan on Action for Climate Empowerment and the Gender Action Plan review, while calling for a rights-based approach to the Global Stocktake and Article 6.4 carbon market mechanisms.

The report argues that individual human rights frameworks are insufficient to protect Indigenous Peoples, Afrodescendants, and peasants facing systemic threats from corporate extraction and neoliberal globalisation. It defines 'territory' as any socially constructed space—including the human body—and calls for a shift toward recognizing collective rights to land, water, and self-determination to achieve transformative system change.

Friends of the Earth International argues that the neoliberal system drives ecological crises and fuels violence against marginalized communities. The organization advocates for a shift from individual human rights frameworks toward the recognition of collective 'rights of peoples' to protect land, water, and ancestral practices. It defines 'territory' as a socially constructed space—including the human body—and positions the defense of these territories and their defenders as a prerequisite for systemic transformation toward sustainable societies.

Friends of the Earth International argues that the neoliberal capitalist system drives multiple ecological and social crises, leading to the systemic violation of the collective rights of marginalized communities. The organization advocates for a shift from individual human rights frameworks to 'Rights of Peoples' to protect indigenous, Afro-descendant, and peasant communities. It defines 'territory' as a socially constructed space encompassing spiritual, cultural, and physical relationships, including the human body, and positions the defense of these territories and their defenders as essential for achieving a transformative system change toward sustainable societies.

In 2022, Global Witness documented at least 177 killings of land and environmental defenders, with 88% occurring in Latin America. Colombia, Brazil, and Mexico accounted for over 70% of these deaths. The report highlights a critical situation in the Amazon, where 22% of global killings occurred, often linked to illegal mining and agroindustry. It also details the 'criminalization' of activists as a non-lethal strategy to silence dissent. The document advocates for the EU's proposed Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive to hold companies accountable for human rights and environmental abuses in their global supply chains.

The 2023 Mining Policy Framework (MPF) provides a comprehensive set of guidelines for governments to manage the full mining life cycle. It is organized into six pillars: laws, policies, and institutions; financial benefits; socio-economic benefits; environmental management; post-mining transition; and artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). The framework emphasizes the need for transparent fiscal regimes, inclusive community engagement, rigorous environmental protections—including climate change adaptation and greenhouse gas emission reductions—and the formalization of the ASM sector to improve livelihoods and safety.

The 2023 Mining Policy Framework (MPM) provides a systemic approach to mining governance across six pillars: laws and institutions, financial benefits, socioeconomic benefits, environmental management, post-mining transition, and artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). It emphasizes the integration of international standards on human rights, gender equality, and climate change into national mining policies to ensure equitable benefit distribution and environmental protection throughout the mine life cycle.

The 2023 Mining Policy Framework (MPF), published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) on behalf of the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF), outlines a systemic approach to mining governance. It covers six key areas: laws and institutions, financial benefits, socioeconomic benefits, environmental management, post-mining transition, and artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). The framework emphasizes the need for transparent fiscal regimes, the protection of human rights and indigenous peoples' consent, rigorous environmental standards to combat climate change, and the formalization of the ASM sector to improve livelihoods and safety.

The IGF Mining Policy Framework Guidance 2023 outlines six pillars for sustainable mining governance. It emphasizes the creation of transparent legal frameworks, the optimization of public revenues through progressive fiscal regimes, and the promotion of local socioeconomic benefits with a strong focus on gender equality and indigenous rights. The guide details environmental standards for air, water, and biodiversity, mandates rigorous mine closure planning with financial guarantees, and provides specific strategies to formalize and support artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) while eliminating harmful practices like child labor and mercury use.

The report highlights that community-held lands, covering approximately 50% of the world's land, often exhibit higher species richness and lower deforestation rates than state-managed protected areas (PAs). It argues that tenure security is fundamental to these positive outcomes, citing significant reductions in forest clearing in the Peruvian and Brazilian Amazons following land titling. Despite this, the document notes a severe funding gap, with only a small fraction of global biodiversity finance reaching community organizations. It also warns that 'fortress conservation' has led to mass evictions and human rights violations, calling for a shift toward rights-based conservation and the use of Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) to meet global targets like the 30x30 goal.

WWF is implementing a three-pronged strategy to address ESG risks in the seafood sector through an investor collaboration with partners like the FAIRR Coller Initiative and UNEP FI, the publication of actionable guidance for banks and asset managers, and the provision of a 'Seafood Sustainability 101' e-learning course for finance professionals.