Guía Marco de Políticas Mineras del IGF 2023

The 'Guía Marco de Políticas Mineras del IGF 2023' is a comprehensive guidance document published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) on behalf of the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF). It provides a structured framework for governments to develop sustainable mining policies across six pillars: laws and institutions, financial benefits, socioeconomic benefits, environmental management, post-mining transition, and artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). The guide emphasizes the alignment of national mining frameworks with international best practices and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on transparency, gender equality, community consultation, and environmental protection throughout the entire mine life cycle.

• The guide establishes a six-pillar framework to ensure mining activities are sustainable and aligned with international best practices. Pillar I focuses on laws, policies, and institutions; Pillar II on financial benefits; Pillar III on socioeconomic benefits; Pillar IV on environmental management; Pillar V on post-mining transition; and Pillar VI on artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM).
• Governments are advised to implement a fiscal regime that maximizes public revenue while remaining attractive to private investment. The guide suggests that the average effective tax rate for profitable mining projects should generally be between 40% and 60%.
• The framework emphasizes the necessity of integrated Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) before approving or expanding mines. These assessments must describe baseline conditions, potential risks, and mitigation plans, with specific requirements to disaggregate socioeconomic data by gender to address differential impacts.
• The guide mandates the protection of indigenous peoples' rights, requiring governments to ensure that mining companies seek Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) when activities may affect them, in accordance with international standards like ILO Convention 169 and UNDRIP.
• Environmental management must follow a mitigation hierarchy—avoid, minimize, restore/rehabilitate, and offset—to achieve 'no net loss' or a 'net positive impact' on biodiversity. It specifically highlights the need for strict management of tailings and waste facilities to prevent contamination and instability.
• Mine closure planning must begin before exploitation starts. The guide requires comprehensive closure plans and adequate financial guarantees to ensure that the costs of rehabilitation are covered even if the operator defaults. It advocates for 'progressive rehabilitation' to reduce future liabilities.
• For Artisanal and Small-scale Mining (ASM), the guide recommends specific legal frameworks that simplify procedures to encourage formalization. It stresses the elimination of unacceptable practices, such as child labor and the use of mercury, while promoting technical training and access to finance for ASM operators.
• The document advocates for the integration of gender equality across all mining policies. This includes ensuring women's participation in decision-making regarding financial disbursements in communities, promoting women's leadership in the sector, and providing gender-specific health and safety equipment.

APA

International Institute for Sustainable Development (2023). Guía Marco de Políticas Mineras del IGF 2023. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-12/igf-mining-policy-framework-guidance-es.pdf

Chicago

International Institute for Sustainable Development. Guía Marco de Políticas Mineras del IGF 2023. 2023. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-12/igf-mining-policy-framework-guidance-es.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=International Institute for Sustainable Development |title=Guía Marco de Políticas Mineras del IGF 2023 |date=2023 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-12/igf-mining-policy-framework-guidance-es.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{internationalinstituteforsustainabledevelopment2023gua, author = {{International Institute for Sustainable Development}}, title = {{Guía Marco de Políticas Mineras del IGF 2023}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2023}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-12/igf-mining-policy-framework-guidance-es.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }