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The report argues that betting on long-term growth for metallurgical coal (met coal) is a losing strategy as demand plateaus due to China's economic shift and the rise of low-carbon steel production. It highlights the risk of stranded assets given the volume of planned mine expansions and recommends that governments accelerate the transition to green steel through subsidy reform and public procurement.

This report by Ember analyzes global electricity demand and supply trends in 2025 and over the preceding two decades. It details the growth of low-carbon sources, specifically solar and wind, and the relative decline of fossil fuels, while noting the impact of weather and policy on national energy mixes.

This fact sheet provides a comprehensive profile of the global copper value chain, detailing production, reserves, market concentration, and the impact of the energy transition. It highlights the dominance of China in refining and smelting, the role of major producers like Chile and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the challenges associated with recycling and ore grade decline.

This executive summary outlines a framework for Ukraine's post-war reconstruction, emphasizing the integration of sustainability, resilience, and climate neutrality into governance and infrastructure. It advocates for a unified national green recovery strategy aligned with European Union standards and the enhancement of the Digital Restoration Ecosystem for Accountable Management (DREAM) platform to track environmental performance.

The 2024 Global Electricity Source Trends report by Ember analyzes global electricity generation across solar, wind, hydro, nuclear, gas, and coal, highlighting record growth in solar and wind alongside fluctuating trends in fossil fuels and nuclear power.

The State of Green Banks 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the global landscape of green banks, focusing on their role in bridging a USD 7.4 trillion annual climate funding gap. Based on survey data from 51 public financial institutions, the report identifies four primary models for green banks—standalone de novo banks, enhanced public development banks (PDBs), green facilities within PDBs, and country platforms—and evaluates their suitability for different economic contexts, particularly in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs).

The report 'Grandeur et Décadence 2025' by Global Energy Monitor and its partners analyzes the state of global coal-fired power plants in 2024. It highlights a paradoxical year where the world saw the lowest number of new coal capacity commissions in twenty years, yet record-breaking construction activity in China and India. While the European Union is accelerating coal retirements, other regions like Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia continue to expand coal capacity, and some OECD nations like Japan and South Korea are extending coal use through ammonia co-firing.

This report by Global Energy Monitor and its partners analyzes global coal power trends in 2024, highlighting a contradiction between record-low new capacity additions globally and record-high construction starts in China and high proposal volumes in India. It specifically examines the strategies of South Korea and Japan to extend the life of coal plants through ammonia co-firing, arguing that these technologies are costly and inconsistent with the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C goal.

The 'Ascensão e Queda 2025' report by Global Energy Monitor and partners tracks the global coal power pipeline as of April 2025. It highlights a paradoxical year where the world saw the lowest amount of new coal capacity in twenty years, yet China and India reached record levels of construction starts and new proposals, respectively.

The April 2025 report "Boom and Bust Coal" by Global Energy Monitor and its partners analyzes global trends in coal-fired power generation. It highlights a global trend toward decommissioning coal plants, contrasted by record-breaking construction starts in China and new proposals in India. The report specifically details Russia's divergence from global trends through its continued planning and construction of new coal capacity to support regional energy demands and the domestic coal industry.

This IISD guide advocates for the use of model contracts to ensure that agricultural investments in developing countries are responsible, transparent, and aligned with sustainable development goals. It explains how model contracts can mitigate risks, such as the use of restrictive stabilization clauses, and provides a framework for governments to develop their own nationally tailored templates.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) argues that the Fourth Financing for Development Conference (FfD4), scheduled for July 2025, must explicitly include the taxation of natural resources in its agenda to enhance domestic resource mobilization in developing nations.

The Nature-Based Infrastructure Global Resource Centre, in collaboration with UNEP and local stakeholders, conducted a cost-benefit analysis of nature-based infrastructure (NBI) and hybrid scenarios across 12,000 hectares in four districts of Ghana to mitigate extreme weather impacts under three climate scenarios (SSP1, SSP3, and SSP5).

This report by Global Energy Monitor examines China's coal mining sector, highlighting a record-breaking production of 4,700 million tonnes in 2023 and a massive pipeline of proposed new capacity. It details the environmental impact, specifically the sector's role as a primary source of global coal mine methane emissions, and analyzes the tension between China's energy security needs and its 'dual-carbon' climate goals.

This briefing, authored by Dr. Tanya Petach of the Aspen Global Change Institute (AGCI), examines the drivers of declining lake and reservoir water storage globally. It highlights the distinction between anthropogenic causes, such as unsustainable water consumption, and climate-driven factors, such as increased evaporation and changing precipitation patterns, to argue for targeted policy interventions and adaptive management strategies to prevent urban 'Day Zero' scenarios.

This report by Ember analyzes global electricity generation trends in 2023 across solar, wind, coal, gas, hydro, nuclear, and bioenergy. It highlights record growth in solar and wind, a slight increase in coal generation driven by droughts in China, and the gap between current growth rates and the IEA Net Zero Emissions (NZE) scenario requirements.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the current technological landscape of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) and the potential for emerging technologies to drive sustainable development. It analyzes the ASM life cycle—from exploration to mine closure—and identifies gaps in technology adoption, particularly regarding worker safety, environmental protection, and financial inclusion. The document highlights the dual nature of technological advancement: while it can increase productivity and recovery rates, it also risks displacing labor, especially women, and potentially increasing environmental degradation through overmining.

This briefing paper argues that conventional financial analysis for transport infrastructure is inadequate because it fails to integrate externalities—the costs or benefits impacting third parties. The author contends that neglecting these factors leads to continued investment in carbon-intensive road transport over sustainable alternatives.

The NewClimate Institute report defines 'high-hanging fruit' as decarbonisation technologies and measures that are currently inaccessible to host governments due to extraordinary costs or insurmountable barriers. The report argues that targeting these projects is essential to ensure climate mitigation ambition is enhanced rather than compromised, and proposes several interventions to develop a project pipeline and redirect voluntary climate finance toward these high-cost or first-of-a-kind technologies.

This report analyzes the 2022 activities of United Nations Human Rights Treaty Bodies (HRTBs) regarding state obligations in the context of climate change. It tracks the increasing frequency of climate-related recommendations in state review processes and examines specific trends in mitigation, fossil fuel regulation, adaptation, and the protection of vulnerable groups, including Indigenous Peoples and persons with disabilities.