MARCO DE POLÍTICAS MINERAS

The 2023 Mining Policy Framework (MPM) by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) provides a comprehensive guide for governments to manage the mining sector sustainably. It outlines six pillars of good governance: legislative and institutional frameworks, financial benefit optimization, socioeconomic development, environmental management (including climate goals and biodiversity), post-mining transition planning, and the formalization of artisanal and small-scale mining.

• The Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) is a member-led voluntary partnership that supports over 80 member countries in implementing effective laws and policies for the mining sector to achieve sustainable development goals.
• The Mining Policy Framework (MPM), ratified in 2010 and updated in 2023, serves as a systemic approach and a compendium of international best practices to help governments manage the mining sector across its entire life cycle, from exploration to post-mining transition.
• Effective mining governance requires a modern legislative regime that ensures clear accountability, provides public access to geological information, and mandates that mining entities share geological data with the government to better understand national resource potential.
• The framework emphasizes that financial regimes should be designed using quantitative and qualitative analysis to optimize public revenue, limit tax avoidance, and ensure transparent distribution of benefits, including mechanisms for mining communities to benefit economically.
• Socioeconomic benefits must be balanced with social well-being, requiring mining companies to respect labor rights, prohibit forced and child labor, increase the participation of women and indigenous peoples, and implement inclusive community consultation processes, including free, prior, and informed consent for indigenous communities.
• Environmental management guidelines mandate the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to meet international climate goals, the protection of water sources and biodiversity (aiming for net zero loss), and the implementation of independent technical reviews for tailings facilities.
• Post-mining transition requires comprehensive closure plans and adequate financial guarantees to be submitted during the permitting phase, ensuring that land use after mining is productive, climate-resilient, and environmentally sound.
• For artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM), the framework recommends creating specific legal frameworks to integrate operators into the formal economy, reducing the use of mercury and toxic substances, and improving financial access, particularly for women.
• The framework explicitly advises denying mining permits if the deposit to be exploited is located in an active armed conflict zone.

APA

International Institute for Sustainable Development (2023). MARCO DE POLÍTICAS MINERAS. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-12/igf-mining-policy-framework-es.pdf

Chicago

International Institute for Sustainable Development. MARCO DE POLÍTICAS MINERAS. 2023. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-12/igf-mining-policy-framework-es.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=International Institute for Sustainable Development |title=MARCO DE POLÍTICAS MINERAS |date=2023 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-12/igf-mining-policy-framework-es.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{internationalinstituteforsustainabledevelopment2023marco, author = {{International Institute for Sustainable Development}}, title = {{MARCO DE POLÍTICAS MINERAS}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2023}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2023-12/igf-mining-policy-framework-es.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }