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The document asserts that National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs) are essential for the EU to achieve its 2030 climate targets and the goals of the European Green Deal. It notes that current measures are insufficient to meet the 40% greenhouse gas reduction target and that the COVID-19 pandemic has delayed policymaking and plan submissions in several member states. The author calls for higher ambition, better policy coherence, and increased stakeholder involvement to ensure a green recovery and climate neutrality by 2050.

The aviation sector has successfully lobbied the ICAO Council to change the CORSIA baseline to 2019 levels, effectively postponing the start of emission offsetting until at least 2024 due to the 2020 drop in flights. The author contends that this change is unnecessary given the low cost of offsets and that governments are failing by providing billions in bailouts—approximately 30 billion euros in the EU and 50 billion in the US—without binding environmental strings. The text calls for regional and national actions, such as kerosene taxes and the EU carbon market, to replace the failing global scheme.

The document examines Indonesia's energy landscape between 2015 and 2020, highlighting the financial strain on state-owned enterprises PT Pertamina and PT PLN due to fuel subsidies and the COVID-19 pandemic. It details the impact of the pandemic on coal exports and electricity demand, while discussing regulatory shifts in renewable energy and the government's efforts to reform LPG subsidies. The briefing also notes contradictions between the goal of retiring fossil fuel plants and new regulations that incentivize the coal industry.

The document examines Indonesia's energy landscape from 2015 to 2020, highlighting the volatility of fuel and LPG subsidies and the severe disruption caused by COVID-19. It details the financial strain on state-owned enterprises PT Pertamina and PT PLN, the government's continued reliance on coal despite climate commitments, and the regulatory hurdles facing renewable energy. Key policy shifts include new fuel pricing formulas and a restructuring plan for PT PLN to focus on distribution over generation.

The Canadian Climate Institute asserts that a 'green recovery' is insufficient if it focuses solely on decarbonization without addressing climate adaptation. The author argues that failing to prepare for climate risks—such as extreme heat, flooding, and wildfires—will lead to economic disaster, similar to the lessons learned from COVID-19. The document proposes integrating resilience into public investments, such as upgrading social housing for heat protection, building weather-resilient electrical grids, and utilizing nature-based solutions to reduce reliance on high-emission 'grey' infrastructure.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) advocates for integrating NDC priorities into national stimulus packages to ensure a low-emission recovery. It highlights the GCF's role in providing financial instruments and readiness support to help developing countries, particularly LDCs and SIDS, implement climate-resilient infrastructure and energy efficiency without increasing debt burdens.

The document argues that the rapid government action and public support seen during the COVID-19 crisis provide a momentum that should be used to implement long-term green recovery strategies rather than short-term fixes. It emphasizes the need for a clear EU-wide dimension to investments to lower finance costs and suggests that recovery packages must prioritize social equity and local self-sufficiency to reduce vulnerability. The paper highlights the importance of defining 'green' across different sectors and suggests that cooperation on technology transfers and intellectual property, similar to WHO initiatives during the pandemic, should be applied to climate and clean energy action. It also notes the tension between EU reindustrialization and the needs of the Global South, as well as the geopolitical implications for Border Carbon Adjustment proposals.

The document exposes lobbying efforts by large polluters and the aviation industry to undermine climate action during the pandemic. It details attempts by groups like BusinessEurope and national trade associations in France, Germany, and the Netherlands to delay legislation and carbon taxes. It specifically critiques the aviation industry's push for unconditional bailouts and efforts to weaken the CORSIA carbon market baseline. The author argues that the pandemic should be used to accelerate a green recovery rather than return to business-as-usual, recommending the phase-out of free pollution permits and the introduction of fuel taxes.

A commentary by the Think Sustainable Europe network urging the European Council to ensure recovery plans are based on scientific evidence, strengthen resilience, protect vulnerable populations, avoid carbon lock-in, and provide sufficient green funding. The authors propose an independent green recovery scrutiny board to monitor the adequacy of these plans.

Six European NGOs are urging the NGFS to push central banks to exclude fossil fuels from recovery plans and asset purchases to ensure a green recovery.

The document advocates for the issuance of common European debt to fund a sustainable recovery from the Covid-19 crisis. It proposes a 'Green Solidarity Fund' that would exclude fossil fuel activities and prioritize environmental protection and social equity. The author argues that a green recovery is only possible if it includes a rapid phase-out of coal, oil, and gas to meet Paris Agreement goals, suggesting that the debt could be reimbursed through a carbon frontier tax or financial transaction taxes.

The document highlights the shared origins of the Covid-19 pandemic and climate risks, both stemming from the degradation of the natural environment. It argues that traditional financial risk models cannot capture future climate risks and that delaying climate action while addressing the pandemic would be a 'double erreur'. The text advocates for green recovery plans, the integration of ESG criteria into central bank portfolios, and the exclusion of fossil fuels—specifically coal and unconventional oil and gas—from monetary and prudential crisis responses.

The document frames the COVID-19 pandemic as a harbinger of future climate-driven crises, noting that both involve unpredictable, compounding risks and systemic failures in political and economic management. It argues that traditional financial risk models are inadequate for the 'new normal' of climate change and calls for collective action from the financial sector to drive decarbonization. The author suggests that mitigation and resilience can be mutually reinforcing, citing examples such as solar-powered microgrids and green recovery programs, while emphasizing the need to limit global temperature rise to below 1.5°C.

The report updates global climate finance averages for 2017/18 to USD 574 billion per year and provides a preliminary 2019 estimate of USD 608–622 billion. It highlights that mitigation dominates finance (93%), with renewable energy as the largest sector. The document also analyzes the disruptive effects of COVID-19, noting a tension between 'green' recovery packages and significant stimulus funding for carbon-intensive sectors.

The document examines the Covid-19 pandemic as a systemic shock that exposed deep inequalities and the fragility of market-driven systems. It explores the intersection of public health and biodiversity loss, the role of the welfare state versus authoritarian and populist models, the digital divide in urban centers, and the disproportionate impact of the crisis on marginalized groups, including migrant workers and the elderly. The text advocates for a 'green recovery' that prioritizes a 'foundational economy' of basic needs over growth, promotes digital inclusion as a human right, and recognizes the link between environmental degradation and zoonotic disease emergence.

The report argues that the COVID-19 pandemic acted as an 'X-ray,' exposing deep structural inequalities and the failure of neoliberal policies. It critiques the global fiscal response, noting that while US$ 11 trillion was mobilized, the support was unevenly distributed, favoring high-income countries and corporate interests over the global South and public services. The document proposes an "8 R" agenda for systemic change: re-valuing care, re-empowering public services, re-balancing value chains, reinforcing climate justice, re-distributing economic power, re-regulating global finance, re-inventing multilateral solidarity, and re-defining progress beyond GDP. It specifically highlights the dangers of IMF-mandated austerity in countries like Ecuador and the failure of the Global Health Security Index to predict pandemic outcomes due to its reliance on infrastructure over social determinants of health.

The document presents seven principles for a green recovery in Canada, focusing on net-zero commitments, a just transition for workers, and the protection of environmental regulations.

The document argues that Canada's COVID-19 recovery spending must be deliberately steered toward climate goals through specific conditions on bailouts and stimulus. It outlines seven 'green strings' to ensure a sustainable recovery: requiring zero-emission transition conditions for industry support, applying strict financial conditions like climate risk disclosure, prioritizing a worker-focused just transition, supporting low-carbon infrastructure, maintaining environmental regulations, ensuring spending transparency, and promoting social equity.

The document proposes seven 'green conditions' for Canada's COVID-19 economic recovery to align financial support with climate goals, including net-zero emissions by 2050, a just transition for workers, and strict financial regulations to prevent unsustainable investments.

The report analyzes the shift of global environmental governance to virtual formats during the 2020 pandemic, noting that while operational decisions (like budgets) were achieved via the 'silence procedure', substantive negotiations on climate and biodiversity were largely delayed. It highlights that pandemic-related emission drops were temporary and structural, and warns that the crisis exacerbated social inequalities and hindered scientific reporting, such as the IPCC's sixth assessment report. The document concludes by advocating for a 'green and inclusive recovery' and a stronger link between biodiversity protection and pandemic prevention.