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This research paper by the World Resources Institute examines the need for harmonized accounting rules for developed country (Annex I) emissions reduction pledges in a post-2012 climate agreement. It argues that without consistent rules for greenhouse gas coverage, land use (LULUCF), offsets, and surplus allowances, it will be impossible to accurately assess the ambition of national pledges or track global progress toward temperature targets.

This IISD study evaluates the feasibility of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from university data centres in Canada by analyzing three scenarios: relocation to zero-carbon facilities, relocation to low-emission urban grids with waste heat utilization, or modifying existing centres to capture waste heat. The study concludes that generating revenue through carbon credits is generally not economically attractive for individual universities, though a green community cloud operated by CANARIE is presented as a more viable alternative.

This research paper evaluates U.S. EPA Climate Leaders’ protocols for landfill methane, manure digesters, and afforestation projects by comparing them against protocols from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), California Climate Action Registry (CCAR), and Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX).

This report evaluates the feasibility of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from university data centres in Canada by analyzing three relocation or modification scenarios and proposing a 'green community cloud' alternative. The study focuses on three institutions: Dalhousie University, the University of Ottawa, and the University of Alberta.

This report by Friends of the Earth International critiques the World Bank's role in international climate finance, arguing that the institution's history of financing fossil fuels and deforestation contradicts its claims of leading climate mitigation and adaptation efforts.

This working paper compares offset protocols from five different programs, focusing on landfill methane, manure digesters, and afforestation project types to assess quality standards and credibility in offset markets.

Friends of the Earth issued a statement criticizing the Kerry-Boxer draft climate bill, arguing that it contains significant loopholes and insufficient emissions targets to effectively combat climate change.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute examines policy options for rewarding 'early action' greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions within a proposed U.S. federal cap-and-trade system. It analyzes the environmental and economic implications of awarding credits 'under the cap' versus 'above the cap' and provides guidance on transitioning existing regional programs into a federal framework.

A coalition of civil society organizations, including the Center for International Environmental Law and Earthjustice, submitted comments to the U.S. Department of State and the U.S. Trade Representative on July 31, 2009, regarding the review of the 2004 U.S. Model Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT). The coalition argues that the model BIT fails to balance investor rights with public interest protections and grants foreign investors greater substantive rights than those afforded to U.S. citizens under domestic law.

This briefing describes the bioenergy, agriculture, and forestry provisions of the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 (ACES, H.R. 2454). The bill proposes a cap-and-trade system to reduce nationwide greenhouse gas emissions, exempting bioenergy from renewable biomass and allowing farmers and land managers to sell carbon offsets. It also includes mandates for renewable electricity, a woodstove change-out program, and the authorization of the National Bioenergy Partnership.

This report details the carbon dioxide (CO2) inventory of the World Resources Institute (WRI) for the calendar years 2006 and 2007, outlining emission sources, calculation methodologies, and the organization's efforts to achieve a "net zero" emissions balance through internal management and the purchase of offsets.

This report, a collaboration between the Center for Human Rights and Environment (CEDHA) and the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), examines the experiences of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in adopting the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Sustainability Reporting Guidelines. It details the organizational benefits, implementation barriers, and specific case studies of CEDHA and IISD, ultimately recommending that the GRI develop a dedicated sector supplement for CSOs or service-providing organizations to better address their unique operational realities.

This briefing by the Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) provides a comprehensive guide for homeowners to reduce their carbon footprint through energy-efficiency measures. It establishes a baseline for the typical American single-family home and outlines a strategic, cost-effective path toward achieving climate neutrality by 2012 through a combination of behavioral changes, equipment upgrades, green power, and carbon offsets.

This fact sheet by the Center for International Environmental Law argues that the plastics and petrochemical industry uses "net zero" narratives to greenwash the expansion of plastic production. The document asserts that because plastic is derived from fossil fuels and emits greenhouse gases throughout its entire lifecycle, it is fundamentally incompatible with climate goals, and the only viable solution is to significantly reduce plastic production.

This guide by the Climate Bonds Initiative provides a framework for financial institutions and investors to evaluate the credibility and effectiveness of corporate transition plans aimed at achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.

A report by Friends of the Earth International examining how fossil fuel actors utilize the voluntary carbon market to sustain the fossil fuel economy through offsets.

Friends of the Earth International (ATI) rejects the concept of Nature-based Solutions (SBN), arguing that the term is an opaque, overly broad framework used by governments and corporations to justify carbon neocolonialism, market mechanisms, and corporate greenwashing while facilitating land grabbing.

A guide by Friends of the Earth International designed to help indigenous peoples and local communities understand and resist carbon markets, which the organization characterizes as a false climate solution that threatens land rights and ecosystems.

Friends of the Earth International rejects the concept of Nature Based Solutions (NBS), arguing that the term is too vague and is used by governments and corporations to facilitate greenwashing, neo-colonialism, and the dispossession of Indigenous Peoples and local communities.

This report examines how the fossil fuel sector utilizes voluntary carbon markets to justify the continued use of a fossil-fuel-based economy through carbon offsetting and 'greenwashing'.