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The Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) of Equatorial Guinea, published in June 2025, provides a roadmap to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050. The strategy compares a 'Base Scenario' of current policies with a 'Mitigation Scenario' aligned with the country's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), aiming for a 50% reduction in gross emissions by 2050 compared to 2019 levels. The document details sectoral actions in energy, industrial processes, agriculture and forestry (AFOLU), and waste, while addressing climate adaptation, gender equality, and a just transition.

A policy brief by Ember providing recommendations to the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry for the Second Nationally Determined Contribution (SNDC), focusing on the accurate reporting and mitigation of coal mine methane (CMM) emissions.

South Africa's 2nd Biennial Update Report (BUR-2) provides a comprehensive overview of the country's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 2000 to 2012, its mitigation strategies, and the financial and technical support received to transition toward a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy by 2030.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER), representing groundwork (gW), Earthlife Africa, Johannesburg (ELA), and the South Durban Community Environmental Alliance (SDCEA), submitted formal comments on the draft National Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Reporting Regulations published on 5 June 2015. The CER argues that the draft regulations are insufficient to meet South Africa's international obligations under the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol, citing a lack of detailed facility-level reporting, a failure to identify 'key categories' of emission sources as per IPCC Guidelines, and inadequate provisions for public disclosure of emission data.

This report presents the results of a 2014-2015 survey of 230 manufacturing companies across 16 Chinese provinces to assess business sentiments regarding low-carbon and energy policies. It identifies significant gaps in policy awareness and technical capacity, particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and highlights administrative burdens and uncertainty over technology as primary barriers to the adoption of energy-saving measures.

This synthesis report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the transition of China's industrial development zones (IDZs) toward a low-carbon, resource-efficient economy. It analyzes the impact of emerging policy levers, such as carbon trading and eco-industrial certifications, on business competitiveness. The report highlights a shift from command-and-control regulations to market-based instruments and provides recommendations for improving carbon management, energy self-supply, and technical capacity building for enterprises.

The 2012 Seattle Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory, prepared by the Stockholm Environment Institute, analyzes emissions from 1990 to 2012. It distinguishes between 'core' emissions (road transportation, building energy, and waste) and 'expanded' emissions (including industry, air, marine, and rail travel). The report finds that while absolute core emissions declined slightly, per person emissions dropped significantly despite population and job growth.

This document is a summary of a UNDP paper that establishes a framework for defining and assessing 'climate finance readiness' in countries, focusing on the capacities required to manage both international and domestic climate funds.

The Second National Communication on Climate Change for Saint Lucia, published in December 2011, provides a comprehensive assessment of the country's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, climate vulnerabilities, and strategies for mitigation and adaptation. The report details a GHG inventory for the year 2000, projects future emissions through 2020 under various scenarios, and evaluates the vulnerability of key sectors—including tourism, agriculture, and water resources—to rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and sea-level rise. It proposes a series of priority adaptation and mitigation measures, while identifying significant gaps in financial, technical, and institutional capacity that hinder the mainstreaming of climate resilience into national development planning.

This report details the carbon dioxide (CO2) inventory of the World Resources Institute (WRI) for the calendar years 2006 and 2007, outlining emission sources, calculation methodologies, and the organization's efforts to achieve a "net zero" emissions balance through internal management and the purchase of offsets.

The Zambia Country Study, published in January 1999 by the Stockholm Environment Institute, evaluates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and mitigation strategies for Zambia. The report establishes baseline and mitigation scenarios for the energy and forestry sectors up to 2030, identifying low-cost options to reduce CO2 emissions, such as improving household cooking efficiency and enhancing natural forest regeneration.

This briefing by the International Institute of Sustainable Development (IISD) and the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) outlines priority actions for Pakistan to enhance its readiness for climate change adaptation and mitigation. It details the country's vulnerability despite low emissions, evaluates international UNFCCC mechanisms for funding and planning, and suggests aligning climate actions with national development goals to secure high-level political and private sector support.

Pakistan's third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0) outlines a strategy to reduce projected greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2035 and enhance climate resilience. The plan balances an unconditional 17% emission reduction through domestic resources with a conditional 33% reduction dependent on USD 565.7 billion in international climate finance, technology transfer, and capacity building. The document emphasizes a 'whole-of-nation' approach, integrating climate action into national development frameworks like 'URAAN Pakistan' (2024-2029) to address acute vulnerabilities, including glacial melt and devastating floods.

The Government of Chad's updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) for 2021-2030 outlines a strategy to transition toward a climate-resilient, low-carbon economy. The document focuses on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through energy efficiency and reforestation, while prioritizing adaptation in sectors such as agriculture, livestock, and water management to protect vulnerable populations from extreme weather events.

The EU-UNDP Low Emission Capacity Building Programme is a collaborative initiative funded by the European Commission and the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety. It aims to strengthen the institutional and technical capacities of developing countries to transition toward low-emission, climate-resilient pathways by supporting the development of GHG inventories, Low-Emission Development Strategies (LEDS), and Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs).

The Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC) is an international accounting and reporting standard developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI), C40, and ICLEI. It provides a consistent framework for cities and subnational entities to measure, track, and report greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, enabling credible comparisons and the aggregation of local data into national inventories.