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The document proposes a four-pillar framework for a Convention on Plastic Pollution: Monitoring and Reporting, Plastic Pollution Prevention, Coordination, and Technical and Financial Support. It details specific measures for each pillar, including the establishment of national inventories for virgin and recycled plastics, the implementation of national action plans to reduce discharges, coordination with existing international treaties like the Basel and Stockholm Conventions, and the provision of financial and technical assistance to developing countries.

The document argues that persons with disabilities are disproportionately vulnerable to climate change and are frequently overlooked in policy-making. It provides a reference guide of human rights obligations under the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) and the Sendai Framework, alongside a compilation of UNFCCC decisions—including the Paris Agreement—that recognize the need to engage persons with disabilities in mitigation, adaptation, and capacity-building efforts.

The document serves as a reference tool to track the recognition of Indigenous Peoples' rights and traditional knowledge within the UNFCCC process, highlighting over 60 decisions and the establishment of the Local Communities and Indigenous Peoples Platform.

The document argues that the Loss and Damage Fund (LDF) must move beyond procedural participation to a human-rights-based framework that empowers the most affected communities. It recommends establishing robust modalities for Active Observers, creating a community access window for small grants, and implementing an independent grievance redress mechanism. The brief emphasizes that relying on World Bank standards for environmental and social safeguards or information disclosure is insufficient for the LDF's specific mission of climate justice.

The Climate Bonds Initiative offers a tiered training structure consisting of foundational courses, deep dives, and spotlight modules to help professionals transition to a low carbon economy. These services cover topics such as GSS+ bonds, taxonomies, and transition finance, and have been delivered to over 5,000 professionals globally.

The document argues that the 2026 JTWP dialogues should be structured around international cooperation, technical assistance, capacity-building, and knowledge sharing to inform the design of the Just Transition Mechanism. Drawing on research from the Global South, it highlights critical gaps in financing for social protection, the risks of extractive dynamics in critical mineral supply chains, and the need for technology co-development rather than simple transfer. It specifically identifies needs for better disaggregated data in countries like Uganda and Kenya, and the risk of 'greening elsewhere' in Indonesia due to coal-powered nickel smelting.

Climate Strategies argues that the upcoming Just Transition mechanism must overcome the current fragmentation of the UNFCCC architecture by integrating finance, technology, and stakeholder engagement. The submission recommends grounding the mechanism in real-world implementation evidence from the Global South, adopting multi-level and multi-sector governance, and ensuring that participation for marginalized groups translates into meaningful policy influence rather than mere procedural consultation.

The document proposes a Green Investment Scheme (GIS) to recycle revenues from Russian Assigned Amount Units (AAUs) into environmental projects. It outlines two primary implementation paths: a 'programme approach' for small, simple efficiency projects and a 'project approach' for larger, unique investments. The report identifies significant institutional barriers in Russia, including a lack of a strong national focal point and poor reporting statistics, which hinder the eligibility of AAUs for trading. It analyzes the varying requirements of potential buyers: the EU emphasizes environmental integrity and strategic energy dialogue; Japan values good governance and a mix of quantifiable and non-quantifiable activities; and Canada prefers quantifiable, project-specific investments. The authors recommend prioritizing small-scale, technically simple projects in energy efficiency, fuel switching, and renewable energy to build momentum and reduce transaction costs.

The Glasgow Work Programme on Action for Climate Empowerment (ACE) aims to empower society through education, public awareness, training, public participation, public access to information, and international cooperation. While COP30 saw the adoption of a draft decision reaffirming ACE priorities and the planning of a 2026 Dialogue and technical workshops, significant barriers remain. Countries like Sudan and Panama report that "insufficient technical and financial resources" and a "lack of an evaluation index" hinder national implementation. Future efforts are directed toward a 2026 midterm review of the work programme at SB64 to identify gaps and shape a new action plan.

The document examines the progress of the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) following SB62, highlighting a divide between developed and developing nations over how to measure progress and implement adaptation strategies. While there is a framework of eleven thematic targets, Parties remain polarized on the specific indicators to be finalized by the Belém work programme. The briefing details the specific stances of Australia, Least Developed Countries (LDCs), and the Arab Group, noting a lack of consensus on transformational adaptation and means of implementation.

The document outlines the framework of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, which enables market and non-market mechanisms for emissions goals. It notes that COP29 finalized rules for carbon credit trading under Articles 6.2 and 6.4, including the creation of the CAPR platform to ensure environmental integrity. The briefing highlights divergent party positions on benefit-sharing, capacity building, and Indigenous rights, noting that rights protection under Article 6.2 remains unresolved. Looking toward COP30, the focus is on capacity building, registry rollout, and the creation of the Paris Agreement Crediting Mechanism (PACM).

The document describes the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF), which requires countries to submit Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs) by the end of 2024. It highlights the focus of SB60 on knowledge-sharing and capacity-building, particularly for Least Developed Countries (LDCs), to ensure readiness for these submissions.

The document outlines the adoption of a new Gender Action Plan (GAP) at COP30, extending the Enhanced Lima Work Programme on Gender (LWPG) until 2035. It details the negotiations between parties—including the EU, Russian Federation, African Group, and AOSIS—regarding gender terminology and finance access. The final GAP is described as a feminist success that maintains progressive language and introduces activities for finance access and capacity-building for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Future milestones include workshops at SB 64 and reporting by June 2026.

The document is a glossary booklet by ClimaTalk that defines essential climate science terms, UNFCCC mechanisms, and international agreements. It covers technical concepts such as the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), as well as policy instruments like Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the Global Stocktake. It also details the roles of various bodies, including the Conference of the Parties (COP) and the Youth Non-Governmental Organisation (YOUNGO).

The Sharm el-Sheikh mitigation ambition and implementation work programme (MWP), established at COP26, aims to accelerate global emissions reductions through non-prescriptive dialogues and capacity-building. While COP30 confirmed the programme's continuation through 2026 and improved finance matchmaking and inclusiveness, significant divergences remain between developed and developing nations regarding the level of prescriptive guidance for sectoral pathways and the scale of financial commitments. Key areas of ongoing debate include the design of a digital platform for information sharing and the balance between global guidance and national sovereignty in managing forests and waste.

Public adaptation finance grew by at least 12% to $25 billion between 2012 and 2013, though it remains insufficient for a warming trajectory exceeding 2 °C. Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) were the primary source of funding, with low-cost loans accounting for 52% ($12.9 billion) of total finance and grants representing 16% ($3.9 billion). Approximately 90% of captured adaptation finance ($22 billion) was invested in non-OECD developing countries, with the East Asia and Pacific region being the primary destination for total and DFI financing, while Sub-Saharan Africa received the most funding from governments and Climate Funds.

The report estimates that climate finance mobilised by developed countries for developing countries reached USD 61.8 billion in 2014 and USD 52.2 billion in 2013, with a two-year average of USD 57.0 billion. Public finance remains the dominant source, accounting for 71% of the average total, while mobilised private finance accounts for 26%. The findings highlight a significant increase in bilateral public finance and a substantial rise in outflows from Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) between 2013 and 2014. The report emphasizes that the majority of finance (77%) targets mitigation, with adaptation receiving 16%. It also details the methodological challenges in tracking private finance and the attribution of multilateral flows to developed countries.

International public adaptation finance for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) averaged just over $2 billion annually in 2021–2022, representing only 0.2% of global climate finance. This is significantly below the estimated annual need of $11.7 billion required between 2023 and 2035. The report highlights a critical reliance on debt, which accounted for 44% of flows, and a lack of correlation between finance volumes and climate vulnerability. It advocates for replacing ODA eligibility criteria with a multidimensional vulnerability index to improve access to concessional funding.

The policy brief argues for a systematic intergovernmental mechanism to collect and review data on fossil fuel production to close the 'production gap'. It suggests a framework combining technical expert verification with political peer review, while allowing for differentiated reporting requirements based on a country's capacity or production share. The authors emphasize the need for capacity-building support for the Global South, formal roles for non-state actors to ensure accountability, and a staged approach to follow-up that moves from facilitative learning to goal-oriented accountability.

This fact sheet by Friends of the Earth International examines the role of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) in the lead-up to the Paris Agreement. It argues that the current system of self-proposed national plans is insufficient to limit global warming to 1.5°C and that developed nations are failing to acknowledge their historical responsibility. The document advocates for a 'fair share' approach based on a global carbon budget to determine equitable national responsibilities for mitigation, adaptation, and finance.