CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL vs DISTRIBUCIÓN JUSTA

This fact sheet by Friends of the Earth International explains the concept of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) in the context of the UN climate negotiations in Paris. It criticizes the current system of self-proposed national plans and advocates for a 'fair share' approach based on a global carbon budget to ensure the temperature increase is limited to 1.5°C.

• Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) are proposed national plans by governments to address climate change, serving as an 'initial offer' of the effort a country is willing to commit. These plans were intended to be pillars of the Paris agreement and the future multilateral climate system.
• The document asserts that the current INDCs submitted by the world's worst historical carbon emitters do not reflect their historical responsibility. If these current promises are indicative of future actions, the world is on a path toward an average temperature increase of 4-6°C, compared to the 0.8°C increase already experienced relative to the pre-industrial era.
• Many industrialized rich countries are pushing for a Paris agreement focused solely on mitigation (emission reductions), ignoring other critical elements such as adaptation, financing, loss and damage, technology transfer, capacity building, and transparency. This contradicts UNFCCC guidelines suggesting that countries should include an adaptation component in their INDCs.
• The ability of developing countries to include mitigation, adaptation, loss and damage, and capacity building measures in their INDCs depends on the magnitude of financial, technological, and capacity-building support provided by rich countries.
• The 'fair share' (distribución justa) approach is proposed as an alternative to self-proposed contributions. This method involves defining a global carbon budget—the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions allowed to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels—and distributing this budget based on each nation's responsibility, capacity, and right to sustainable societies.

APA

Friends of the Earth International (n.d.). CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL vs DISTRIBUCIÓN JUSTA. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/CJE-INDC-factsheet-ES-FOEI_FINAL.pdf

Chicago

Friends of the Earth International. CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL vs DISTRIBUCIÓN JUSTA. n.d. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/CJE-INDC-factsheet-ES-FOEI_FINAL.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Friends of the Earth International |title=CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL vs DISTRIBUCIÓN JUSTA |url=https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/CJE-INDC-factsheet-ES-FOEI_FINAL.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{friendsoftheearthinternationalndcontribuciones, author = {{Friends of the Earth International}}, title = {{CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL vs DISTRIBUCIÓN JUSTA}}, institution = {Friends of the Earth International}, url = {https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/CJE-INDC-factsheet-ES-FOEI_FINAL.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }