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This document consists of annexes to the 2023 Forest Declaration Assessment, detailing sustainability schemes in the mining sector, sources and estimates of forest-related finance, and the implementation of green budgeting and risk assessment tools in the public sector.

This document consists of three annexes to the 2023 Forest Declaration Assessment. It details sustainability schemes in the mining sector, provides estimates for green and 'gray' forest finance, and discusses the implementation of green budgeting and risk assessment tools in the public sector.

The 2023 Forest Declaration Assessment executive summary reports that the world is off track to stop and reverse deforestation and degradation by 2030, despite some individual national successes. It highlights a critical gap in funding, a lack of corporate and financial accountability, and the need for a radical transformation of economic models to value standing forests over short-term extraction.

This executive summary evaluates global progress toward the 2030 goals of ending and reversing deforestation and forest degradation. It reports that global gross deforestation in 2022 exceeded the necessary trajectory for 2030 targets, highlighting a critical gap between ambitious commitments and actual financial and political action.

This executive summary evaluates global progress toward the 2030 goals of halting and reversing deforestation and forest degradation. It reports that the world is currently off track, with significant gross deforestation and primary forest loss in 2022, despite some regional successes and an increase in tropical reforestation. The document highlights a critical gap in funding, a lack of transparency in data, and the need for a radical transformation of economic models to prioritize long-term forest value over short-term gains from extraction.

This executive summary evaluates global progress toward the 2030 goals of stopping and reversing deforestation and degradation. It highlights a critical gap between current financial investments and the scale of the crisis, noting that while some countries and companies show leadership, global trends remain alarming, with significant losses in primary tropical forests and a lack of transparency in restoration and corporate reporting.

The 2023 Forest Declaration Assessment executive summary reports that the world is off track to halt and reverse deforestation and forest degradation by 2030, citing a 2022 global gross deforestation of 6.6 million hectares. While some countries and regions, such as tropical Asia, show progress, the report highlights a critical lack of funding, transparency, and accountability among governments, companies, and financial institutions.

The 2023 Forest Declaration Assessment provides recommendations for governments, companies, and financial institutions to shift the global forest trajectory toward the 2030 forest goals. It emphasizes the need for a radical transformation of economic models, increased data transparency, the redirection of finance from harmful to protective activities, and the adoption of rights-based governance that prioritizes Indigenous Peoples and local communities.

The 'GUIDANCE NOTES: IGF Mining Policy Framework 2023' is a comprehensive guide published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) to help governments implement the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) Mining Policy Framework. The document provides detailed recommendations across six 'Pillars'—Laws, Policies, and Institutions; Financial Benefits; Socio-economic Benefits; Environmental Management; Post-Mining Transition; and Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining—to ensure the mining sector contributes to sustainable development and aligns with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The 'Guía Marco de Políticas Mineras del IGF 2023' is a comprehensive guidance document published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) on behalf of the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF). It provides a structured framework for governments to develop sustainable mining policies across six pillars: laws and institutions, financial benefits, socioeconomic benefits, environmental management, post-mining transition, and artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). The guide emphasizes the alignment of national mining frameworks with international best practices and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on transparency, gender equality, community consultation, and environmental protection throughout the entire mine life cycle.

This policy brief by Transforma examines the resilience of rural indigenous communities in Mexico and Colombia following the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on two community projects implemented in 2023, the document analyzes how systemic vulnerabilities—including discrimination, lack of public services, and gender inequality—were exacerbated by the crisis. It proposes a resilience-based development agenda that prioritizes community-led decision-making, intersectional policy design, and the integration of youth and women to ensure sustainable recovery and adaptation to future social, environmental, and climate crises.

The Mgundeni community in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, became the first land reform community in the country to sign a biodiversity stewardship agreement in 2009. Through partnership with WWF and government agencies, the community has restored 124 ha of land, implemented a rotational grazing system that eliminated cattle mortality by 2015, and increased their herd size from 520 to over 700 by 2017. The community has diversified its income through commercial cattle auctions and a women-led agroecology vegetable project, earning the 2022 WWF Living Planet Award for its leadership in community-based conservation.

A guide published by WWF South Africa for landowners regarding the management of eucalyptus (gum) trees and their relationship with honeybees and environmental regulations.

This guide by WWF South Africa provides landowners with a framework for managing eucalyptus (gum) trees in balance with honey bee conservation and national environmental regulations. It clarifies which gum species are invasive, where they must be removed, and how landowners can apply for permits to retain specific trees to support the beekeeping and agricultural industries.

This report advocates for the establishment of the Seal River Watershed Indigenous Protected Area (IPA) in northern Manitoba, Canada, highlighting the region's biodiversity, carbon storage capacity, and cultural importance to Indigenous Peoples.

This discussion paper by the Climate Bonds Initiative proposes a framework for credible transition finance in the agri-food sector. It argues that current transition instruments, such as Sustainability-Linked Bonds (SLBs), often lack ambition and fail to account for scope 3 emissions. To address this, the paper applies five 'Credible Transition Principles' and five 'Hallmarks' for transforming companies to ensure alignment with 1.5°C climate targets, science-based pathways, and broader sustainability goals including biodiversity and just transition.

A briefing by Friends of the Earth US urging banks and financiers to prohibit direct and indirect financing of activities that harm Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) and habitats containing threatened or endemic species to prevent the estimated extinction of one million species.

This briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute describes a study using OECD data to assess the scale and effectiveness of international development finance for nature-based solutions (NbS) in developing countries, specifically focusing on least developed countries (LDCs) and small island developing states (SIDS).

This research paper by Friends of the Earth International and the Global Youth Biodiversity Network critiques the 'Nature Positive' concept proposed for the Convention on Biological Diversity's (CBD) Global Biodiversity Framework. The authors argue that the term is vaguely defined and promotes a 'net gain' accounting approach that justifies continued biodiversity destruction through ineffective compensatory measures, while marginalizing Indigenous peoples and local communities.

The IDFC Green Finance Mapping 2022 report details the green finance commitments of International Development Finance Club (IDFC) member institutions for 2021, noting a record high of USD 224 billion in total commitments.