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The document examines the M4 framework for marine multi-use projects, identifying a global trend toward combining offshore wind with other technologies, most notably hydrogen production. A technoeconomic analysis of a potential floating wind farm off Scotland indicates that centralized offshore hydrogen production is the most cost-effective strategy. The report highlights that while technical barriers are low, commercialization is hindered by regulatory gaps and a lack of multi-use integration in Marine Spatial Plans.

A review of 41 multisector NAP documents reveals that transboundary climate risks are sporadically mentioned and lack a systematic approach, with most references limited to shared ecosystems like river basins. The document argues that the dominance of place-based adaptation and state sovereignty norms hinder the integration of cross-border risks, and recommends leveraging intergovernmental organizations and territorial framing to improve regional collaboration.

The review finds that energy transition modeling in Africa is a rapidly growing field, yet it is dominated by researchers based outside the continent and largely ignores the nexus between decarbonization and socio-economic development. Most models focus on global targets (2030/2050) and techno-economic optimization, while neglecting political constraints, comprehensive transition costs, and a diverse range of low-carbon technologies like nuclear and carbon capture.

The report analyzes 41 multisectoral National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) to assess their integration of loss and damage (L&D) strategies. It finds that while nearly half of NAPs explicitly mention L&D and almost all include disaster risk management (DRM) components, there is a significant gap in addressing non-economic losses and irreversible impacts. The document proposes a 'spectrum' approach to L&D, ranging from avoidance (mitigation) and minimization (adaptation/DRR) to remediation (humanitarian response and reparations). It recommends that governments and international funders leverage existing NAP risk analyses as a starting point for L&D assessments and ensure that new L&D financing targets impacts that exceed adaptation limits to avoid duplicating existing adaptation efforts.

The document synthesizes evidence from 4,798 peer-reviewed publications to evaluate strategies for improving the global information environment. It identifies a scientific consensus that content labels and corrective information are effective in reducing the impact of misinformation on user perception. However, it notes significant gaps in research, including a lack of non-English language studies, insufficient access to corporate social media data, and a lack of standardized definitions and metrics across the field.

The document analyzes 4,798 peer-reviewed publications to determine which social media design interventions effectively reduce misinformation. It identifies a scientific consensus that content labeling and correction information are effective, while the impact of other strategies remains unproven. The report emphasizes the need for more diverse, multi-lingual research and standardized metrics to improve the global information environment.

The report identifies content labeling and corrective information as the most scientifically validated methods for reducing the impact of misinformation on user perception. While other strategies like content management and media literacy are recognized as plausible, their effectiveness remains uncertain due to a lack of rigorous, standardized, and diverse empirical data. The authors call for more research in non-English languages and across more diverse geographic regions to improve the global information environment.

The report analyzes 588 peer-reviewed publications to map countermeasures against digital misinformation. It identifies four primary strategies—corrective information, information and media literacy, content moderation, and content labeling—but finds a significant gap in empirical validation, as less than one-fifth of the reviewed studies report on the effectiveness of their proposed solutions.

The report analyzes 4,798 peer-reviewed papers to determine which interventions effectively mitigate digital misinformation. While many countermeasures are proposed, fewer than one-fifth report measurable impacts. Meta-analysis of 43 experiments confirms that content labels and corrective information are effective in reducing the effects of misinformation on user perceptions. The authors call for more standardized definitions, robust statistical reporting, and a shift in research focus beyond Western countries and the English language to improve the global information environment.

The report analyzes 43 studies from 18 manuscripts published between 2006 and 2022 to assess how digital platforms can combat misinformation. It finds that content labeling and corrective information both significantly improve users' ability to perceive the accuracy of information, though results vary by topic and design. The analysis highlights a heavy reliance on USA-based samples and a high level of heterogeneity in social science research, suggesting a need for more standardized measures and diverse geographic data.

The International Panel on the Information Environment (IPIE) analyzed 4,798 peer-reviewed publications to determine which design solutions mitigate misinformation. While a systematic review of 588 empirical articles endorsed four strategies, a meta-analysis of 43 experiments validated only two: content labeling and corrective information. The report highlights significant gaps in research, noting a lack of standardized definitions, insufficient data from technology firms, and a heavy bias toward English-language studies focused on Western countries.

The report identifies a growing scientific consensus that content labeling and corrective information are effective at reducing the impact of disinformation on user perceptions. While other strategies like content moderation and media literacy are plausible, their effectiveness remains uncertain. The document emphasizes a critical need for more transnational, multilingual research and standardized metrics to improve the global information environment.

The IPIE analyzed 4,798 peer-reviewed publications to evaluate strategies for improving the global information environment. A scientific consensus has emerged that content labeling and corrective information are effective in reducing the influence of disinformation on user opinions. While other strategies like content moderation and media literacy are discussed, their effectiveness remains uncertain due to a lack of empirical data and standardized metrics. The report emphasizes the need for more diverse, multi-lingual research and better access to real-world data from tech companies to improve policy development.

The document synthesizes evidence from 4,798 peer-reviewed publications to evaluate strategies for improving the global information environment. It identifies a growing scientific consensus that content labeling and corrective information are effective in reducing the impact of misinformation on user perceptions. While other interventions—such as content moderation, media literacy, and advertising policy changes—are considered reasonable, the report notes that evidence for their effectiveness is less certain. The analysis highlights significant gaps in current research, specifically the over-reliance on English-language studies and Western contexts, and calls for more standardized definitions, better data access from tech companies, and cross-national, multilingual research to better inform policy interventions.

The IPIE analyzed 4,798 peer-reviewed publications, including a systematic review of 588 articles and a meta-analysis of 43 experiments, to evaluate strategies for improving the global information environment. The findings establish a scientific consensus that content labeling and corrective information are effective in reducing the impact of misinformation on user perceptions. While other interventions such as content moderation and media literacy are plausible, there is less consensus on their effectiveness due to inconsistent study designs and a lack of measurable impact data. The report highlights significant research gaps, noting that most studies are published in English and focus on Western countries, and calls for more standardized definitions, better access to platform data, and more diverse, multilingual research to better understand the global information landscape.

The document identifies content labeling and corrective information as the only two countermeasures with emerging scientific consensus and empirical validation for reducing the effects of misinformation on user perception. While other strategies like content moderation and media literacy are considered plausible, the report highlights a critical lack of robust, multi-lingual, and non-Western research, noting that less than one-fifth of studied countermeasures reported a measurable impact.

The International Panel on the Information Environment (IPIE) analyzed 4,798 peer-reviewed publications to identify effective countermeasures against digital misinformation. The synthesis, comprising a systematic review of 588 articles and a meta-analysis of 43 experiments from 18 publications, found emerging scientific consensus that content labeling and corrective information are effective in reducing the impact of misinformation on user beliefs. Other strategies, such as content moderation, media literacy, and reporting mechanisms, are considered acceptable but lack consistent evidence of effectiveness. The report highlights a critical need for more research involving non-English languages, diverse global geographies beyond Western countries, and access to real-world industry data to strengthen the global information environment.

This briefing provides an overview of indicator-based tools used to assess ocean risks and vulnerabilities, based on a systematic review of grey literature and peer-reviewed articles. It highlights a tendency to focus on climate change over other risks and notes significant data gaps in specific developing regions.

The report finds that 97% of developing countries submitting NAPs to the UNFCCC now integrate gender considerations, with 29% specifically referring to gender responsiveness—a significant increase from zero in 2018. Additionally, about 50% of NAPs recognize women as agents of change in adaptation planning.

The report identifies a lack of coherence between the coding systems used for procurement (such as UNSPSC and CPV) and those used for reporting (such as OECD DAC CRS and IATI). This fragmentation creates barriers for innovators attempting to enter the humanitarian and development markets, as it is difficult to track what products are being procured and how they are reported. The authors recommend harmonizing reporting formats, clarifying stakeholder responsibilities, and developing user-friendly platforms to match solution providers with donor needs.