Strategies for Improving the Global Information Environment

The International Panel on the Information Environment (IPIE) analyzed 4,798 peer-reviewed publications to determine which design solutions mitigate misinformation. While a systematic review of 588 empirical articles endorsed four strategies, a meta-analysis of 43 experiments validated only two: content labeling and corrective information. The report highlights significant gaps in research, noting a lack of standardized definitions, insufficient data from technology firms, and a heavy bias toward English-language studies focused on Western countries.

• There is an emerging scientific consensus that content labels and corrective information are effective at reducing the impact of misinformation on user perceptions.
• While a systematic review endorsed four strategies—content labeling, corrective information, content or account moderation, and information & media literacy—only the first two were validated through meta-analysis.
• Many proposed countermeasures remain plausible but have uncertain effects due to a lack of empirical evidence; less than 20% of studies proposing countermeasures report a measurable impact.
• Current research is heavily skewed toward English-language publications and Western contexts, failing to sufficiently address the global information environment.
• The ability to conduct robust research is hindered by a lack of standardized definitions for misinformation and insufficient access to real-world data from social media firms.

APA

International Panel on the Information Environment (2023). Strategies for Improving the Global Information Environment. https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/643ecb10be528d2c1da863cb/653f05e1786750c378ea4663_SFP2023.1%20-%20FINAL.pdf

Chicago

International Panel on the Information Environment. Strategies for Improving the Global Information Environment. 2023. https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/643ecb10be528d2c1da863cb/653f05e1786750c378ea4663_SFP2023.1%20-%20FINAL.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=International Panel on the Information Environment |title=Strategies for Improving the Global Information Environment |date=2023 |url=https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/643ecb10be528d2c1da863cb/653f05e1786750c378ea4663_SFP2023.1%20-%20FINAL.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{internationalpanelontheinformationenvironment2023strategies, author = {{International Panel on the Information Environment}}, title = {{Strategies for Improving the Global Information Environment}}, institution = {International Panel on the Information Environment}, year = {2023}, url = {https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/643ecb10be528d2c1da863cb/653f05e1786750c378ea4663_SFP2023.1%20-%20FINAL.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }