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The report examines Indonesia's energy transition through a lens of national interest, highlighting a significant gap between the high investment needs for Net Zero Emissions (NZE) and the limited availability of domestic and international funding. It argues that foreign climate finance often arrives as debt rather than grants, potentially exacerbating Indonesia's chronic fiscal deficits and public debt. The document analyzes the capacity of the Indonesian banking sector to fund renewable energy projects, finding that while capital adequacy is generally high, systemic bottlenecks in foreign exchange liquidity and long-term stable funding persist. It also evaluates the nascent Indonesian carbon market, noting a lack of clear emission caps (PTBAE) and low carbon prices. The authors propose 'The Indonesian Way,' a strategy focusing on eight action paths, including the dekarbonization of transport and electricity, targeted subsidies, and the development of a domestic green manufacturing ecosystem to reduce technological dependency.

The report examines Indonesia's path toward net-zero emissions by 2060, highlighting a significant gap between current investment levels and the estimated annual need of USD 73–76 billion. It argues that foreign climate finance is often debt-heavy and unreliable, urging a shift toward domestic funding and structural reforms. The analysis covers the banking sector's limited capacity to finance renewable energy, the underperformance of the national carbon market, and the socioeconomic disparities in energy access. It proposes an "Indonesian Way" consisting of eight strategic actions, including targeted subsidies and the development of a domestic clean-tech ecosystem, to ensure a just and sovereign transition.

The document introduces a four-step framework for estimating the total cost of mining tax incentives by combining direct revenue losses with behavioural costs. It presents the IGF Mining Tax Incentives Financial Model, a tool pre-configured for a medium-sized surface gold mine in sub-Saharan Africa, which allows users to simulate how investors might change operations or financing to maximise incentives. The guide details specific behavioural risks, such as high-grading in response to tax holidays and excessive interest deductions following withholding tax exemptions, and provides methodologies for testing these estimates through scenario modelling and sensitivity analysis.

The document details the use of the SAVi methodology to evaluate the 4.1 km Rabat bypass road in Morocco, including the Mohammed VI bridge. By simulating six different scenarios—ranging from budget cuts in maintenance to climate change-induced road damage—the analysis demonstrates how integrating external factors like carbon costs, accident costs, and time savings alters the project's financial outlook. The results indicate that when these external factors are included, the project's integrated cost-benefit analysis shows net losses across all scenarios, suggesting it is not a robust investment.

The SAVi analysis of the SAGCOT Initiative in Tanzania compares flood irrigation with drip irrigation across three scenarios. It finds that while drip irrigation requires higher capital investment, it can yield significantly higher net benefits (USD 39.21 million in a low-capex scenario) compared to flood irrigation (USD 12.88 million). By 2030, drip irrigation is projected to increase employment and agricultural production by 8% each while reducing water use by 14% relative to flood irrigation.

The SAVi assessment of Dakar's Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project reveals that while traditional financial analysis suggests the project is not viable, the inclusion of externalities—such as time saved and avoided transportation costs—significantly enhances its financial performance. The project, estimated to cost EUR 369,490,000 and transport 300,000 passengers daily upon completion in 2023, generates total net benefits ranging from CFA 1.7 trillion to 2.7 trillion across different demand scenarios. While the BRT is expected to cause a 14% net job loss within the transportation sector, it is projected to increase overall economy discretionary spending by 15.6% due to improved mobility.

The document applies the SAVi methodology to the Dakar BRT project, demonstrating that while conventional financial analysis suggests the project is not viable, the integration of external effects—such as time saved and avoided pollution—reveals substantial net benefits for Senegalese society. The analysis covers four scenarios, including variations in passenger demand, and predicts a net job loss of 14% in the transport sector, offset by a 15.6% increase in discretionary spending across the wider economy.

The SAVi assessment of the Taïba N’Diaye wind farm demonstrates that while traditional financial metrics may favor fossil fuels due to lower initial capital costs, the wind project provides superior societal value and lower long-term costs when climate risks and externalities are integrated. The wind farm is projected to generate 158.7 MW of electricity and create significantly more jobs with far lower lifecycle emissions than coal or HFO alternatives.

The case study applies the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) tool to the 41.1 km Contournement de Rabat toll road in Morocco to evaluate how operational risks and externalities impact its financial performance. The analysis compares a 'Business as Usual' (BAU) scenario against five risk-based scenarios, including reduced maintenance, increased road works, traffic surges, and climate-related damage. The findings demonstrate that while conventional cost-benefit analysis (CBA) may show a profit, an integrated CBA including externalities—such as the cost of accidents and the social cost of carbon—often results in a net loss, indicating the project may not be a sound investment for debt or equity investors when these factors are internalized.