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This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute identifies opportunities and proposes methods for integrating co-benefits into the design of renewable energy auctions in Colombia to ensure the energy transition is socially legitimate and technically viable.

This research paper proposes 'transition compacts'—negotiated, sector-specific packages bundling trade disciplines, investment, technology transfer, and transition timelines—as a more equitable alternative to the current patchwork of unilateral green industrial policies and carbon border adjustments. The author argues that existing frameworks, including the WTO and Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETPs), suffer from structural flaws or a lack of binding equity provisions, whereas transition compacts would link market access to verified emissions performance and binding support for developing nations.

The authors propose a WTO-compatible 'climate club' designed to overcome the free-rider problem of the Paris Climate Agreement by using reciprocal commitments, substantial penalties, and financial incentives to drive global net-zero emissions by 2050.

This briefing by RMI proposes a 'regional-first planning' framework to integrate large load interconnection requests (such as those from data centers) with system-wide transmission planning. The goal is to replace the current parallel, project-by-project approach with a coordinated model that identifies system-wide projects first to reduce total costs and improve regulatory oversight of network upgrades.

This briefing by RMI proposes a 'new carbon economy' that treats carbon dioxide as a valuable raw material rather than a waste product to achieve a net-negative emissions footprint while maintaining the supply of essential carbon-based materials.

The research paper argues for a binding international agreement on fossil fuel subsidies within the WTO framework to address global negative externalities and climate change. It proposes using the Agreement on Climate Change, Trade and Sustainability (ACCTS) as a model, specifically highlighting the Standardized Carbon Rate Measurement (SCRM) as a way to move beyond definitional debates. The authors suggest that successful subsidy reduction must be linked to a state's capacity to transition to green energy and may require WTO waivers on local content requirements to support renewable energy transitions.

This policy brief by the Africa Policy Research Institute proposes a national strategy for Nigeria to capture and commercialise methane emissions from its oil and gas sector. It argues that treating methane as a strategic commodity rather than just a pollutant can mitigate climate impact while unlocking significant economic value, improving energy access, and creating jobs.

This policy brief by the Africa Policy Research Institute argues that Nigeria can transform its methane emissions from the oil and gas sector into an economic asset. By capturing wasted gas from flaring, venting, and leaks, Nigeria could unlock significant annual value, improve energy access, and meet climate commitments through a structured governance and commodification strategy.

This research paper proposes a structural reform of the UN Security Council (UNSC) to align it with modern representative norms, introducing a tiered membership system based on 'Global Power' criteria and proportional election via the General Assembly.

The 'Book and Claim Framework for the Iron and Steel Sector' by RMI establishes a system for decoupling environmental attributes from the physical flow of low-emissions iron and steel. It provides a structured approach for the verification, issuance, transfer, and retirement of Book-and-Claim Units (BCUs), enabling buyers to support decarbonization when physical procurement of green steel is impractical. The framework aligns with ResponsibleSteel (RS) standards and introduces a dual functional-unit system for both iron and crude steel to incentivize decarbonization across the value chain.

This report by Transforma and the Natural Resource Governance Institute (NRGI) analyzes the governance of energy transition minerals in Colombia, focusing on copper and nickel. Using the Quebradona copper project and the Cerro Matoso nickel mine as case studies, the document identifies systemic failures in environmental and social safeguards, including the criminalization of protest, violations of prior consultation rights, and inadequate benefit distribution. It proposes a set of safeguards aligned with UN principles to ensure that the extraction of strategic minerals does not reproduce historical patterns of inequality and socio-environmental conflict.

RMI and the Center for Green Market Activation (GMA) are launching a pilot book-and-claim procurement system to reduce Scope 3 emissions in the food supply chain. The initiative allows food and beverage companies to purchase Environmental Attribute Certificates (EACs) to financially support low-emission fertilizer projects, bypassing the fragmented supply chain and providing producers with the revenue certainty needed to scale green ammonia and other low-carbon technologies.

This fact sheet by WWF South Africa outlines the concept and implementation of Small-Scale Fishing Zones (SSFZs) to support coastal communities and marine conservation in South Africa. It describes SSFZs as co-managed marine areas that prioritize small-scale fishing practices to enhance socioeconomic resilience and contribute to global biodiversity targets.

The Climate Policy Initiative proposes a Just Transition Financing Framework (JTFF) to support Indian states, particularly Jharkhand, in transitioning from solid fossil fuels to a clean energy economy. The framework emphasizes a four-pronged approach: evidence-based policy making, capacity building for workers and officials, technical assistance for project bankability, and the mobilization of a blend of public and private capital. By establishing a governance structure involving a Ministerial Board and a Project Management Unit, the JTFF seeks to mitigate fiscal risks and socioeconomic disruptions while fostering green economic diversification.

This report by Transforma and the Natural Resource Governance Institute (NRGI) proposes social, environmental, and governance safeguards for the mining of energy transition minerals in Latin America. Based on UN principles and case studies in Chile, Colombia, and Peru, the document identifies systemic gaps between mining laws and their territorial implementation, advocating for a shift away from historical extractivist patterns toward a just energy transition.

This research paper argues that the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) should adopt a forward-looking transitional justice framework for climate governance to address structural inequities and gender-based vulnerabilities. The author proposes that by institutionalising justice through regional mechanisms—such as a gender-responsive minerals strategy and a dedicated adaptation fund for women—ECOWAS can ensure a just energy transition and climate resilience that is independent of the instability of global climate finance and multilateral agreements.

This policy brief by RMI argues that Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) can mitigate the grid constraints currently delaying the interconnection of data centers and other large loads in the United States. The document proposes three commercial models to accelerate VPP deployment and suggests policy reforms in interconnection, integrated planning, and customer protection to ensure the US remains competitive in the AI race.

This SEI working paper proposes a "strategic resilience" framework for climate change adaptation, designed to integrate adaptation into the core of government operations to address transboundary risks and polycrises.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-RIO analyzes the potential for carbon sequestration and economic growth in the Brazilian Amazon through forest restoration. It proposes the Reversing Deforestation Mechanism (RDM) as a jurisdictional, results-based payment system to complement existing conservation funds, estimating that natural regeneration could capture up to 26 GtCO2 and mobilize significant international finance.

This executive summary by the Climate Policy Initiative and Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-RIO) argues for the central role of tropical forests in climate mitigation. It proposes a new financial architecture, specifically the Reversing Deforestation Mechanism (RDM), to incentivize large-scale forest restoration and move tropical forests from being viewed as a climate risk to a climate solution.