Search Climate Insights Directory

The paper introduces the Climate Risk Assessment Framework (CRAF), a structured approach to quantify physical climate risks for India's power infrastructure. It addresses gaps in existing literature by moving from qualitative risk ratings to energy-denominated impact estimates, specifically Expected Annual Loss (EAL) and Energy Not Served (ENS). The methodology distinguishes between chronic stressors (causing performance derating) and acute events (causing sudden failure), providing a pathway for cost-benefit analysis of resilience investments to avoid stranded assets and unplanned retrofitting costs.

The Climate Bonds Core Methodology for Data Products provides a science-based framework for evaluating labelled-debt instruments, including green, social, sustainability, and sustainability-linked bonds. It employs a tiered system consisting of the Core Methodology, dataset-level methodologies, and an internal screening library to ensure consistency and credibility. Instruments are screened based on their use-of-proceeds (UoP) or key performance indicators (KPIs) and classified as 'aligned', 'not aligned', or 'pending'. The framework prioritizes avoiding 'fossil-fuel lock-in' and uses a materiality-based approach for tagging sub-themes such as biodiversity and climate resilience. While external reviews are considered supplementary, alignment is determined independently through a systematic review of issuer disclosures and formal transaction documentation.

The report addresses the definitional ambiguity of 'systemic risks' in the Digital Services Act (DSA) by proposing a structured research agenda. This framework operationalises risk assessment through six dimensions: severity (scale, scope, and remediability) and likelihood (platform characteristics, historical patterns, and contextual factors). Using asymmetric amplification of political content during elections as a case study, the authors demonstrate how a plurality of observational and experimental methods is necessary to generate the evidence required for regulatory decisions. The report concludes that current data access constraints, including limited API functionality and restrictive Virtual Computing Environments, hinder the ability of researchers to fulfill their legally recognised role under the DSA.

The report outlines a methodology for financial institutions to assess the transition risks and opportunities of power companies in Southeast Asia using three analytical pillars: transition footprint mapping, investment alignment, and dependency mapping. It leverages asset-level data from Global Energy Monitor to help institutions evaluate asset bases, project pipelines, and systemic barriers to decarbonization.

The document details the methodology used to evaluate investment risks and attributes for the livestock sector in Latin America and the Caribbean, categorizing risks into governance, financial, physical climate, market, infrastructure, and nature. It establishes a framework for matching these risks with the preferences of public and private investors and models three capital scenarios: business-as-usual (BAU), improved financial strategies (IFS), and improved financial and political strategies (IFPS). The analysis distinguishes between small-scale farms (2-10 hectares) and large-scale commercial operations, noting that small-scale systems are more dependent on public funding. Geographically, it segments the region into Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, and the 'rest of LAC', highlighting Brazil's role as the region's primary beef producer and the significant underreporting of private climate finance in the sector.

The document outlines a comprehensive methodology for evaluating investment risks and attributes in the livestock sector across Latin America and the Caribbean, specifically distinguishing between small-scale and large-scale commercial farms. It establishes a scoring system across six risk categories—governance, financing, physical climate, market, infrastructure, and nature—and compares these against the risk tolerances of public and private investors. The annexes also model three financial scenarios: Business-as-Usual (BAU), Enhanced Financial Strategies (IFS), and Enhanced Financial and Policy Strategies (IFPS), predicting how targeted interventions can shift capital composition from predominantly public to increased private investment. Geographic analysis highlights Brazil's relative stability and market dominance, while noting higher risks in Argentina and Mexico.

The document argues that while transition pathways are essential for contextualizing the ambition and feasibility of corporate plans, they are underutilized by financial institutions due to complexity and resource demands. It advocates for the use of multiple complementary pathways to achieve granular results and outlines a five-step approach to simplify their selection and interpretation. To further lower barriers to adoption, RMI is developing a transition pathway repository to streamline the identification of available benchmarks for specific sectors and regions.

The document outlines a framework for reporting on National Adaptation Plan (NAP) progress, categorising methods into three primary objectives: monitoring activity status, evaluating performance and impact, and learning and communication. It provides a menu of 17 specific tools—ranging from low-effort checklists and traffic-light systems to high-effort indicator tracking and digital platforms—supported by real-world examples from countries such as Saint Lucia, Burkina Faso, and Finland. The guide emphasizes an iterative 'learning by doing' approach, the integration of gender equality and social inclusion (GESI), and the alignment of national reporting with international commitments under the Paris Agreement and the Sendai Framework.

The document outlines a comprehensive approach to transition finance for Vietnam's high-emission industrial sectors. It introduces a 'Five Hallmarks' framework for creating credible transition plans—covering performance targets, robust planning, implementation, internal monitoring, and external reporting—and provides specific decarbonisation pathways and technical criteria for the steel, cement, and basic chemicals industries. Additionally, it offers a five-tier maturity scale for financial institutions to assess corporate transition credibility and provides best-practice recommendations for issuing sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs) and loans (SLLs) to support the energy transition.

The researchers used a co-creative, narrative-based approach in Lusaka, Zambia, combining natural language processing (NLP) and text network analysis (TNA) to integrate residents' experiences from informal settlements into flood-risk maps. This process, facilitated through 'learning labs' with stakeholders, aimed to address gaps in disaster risk management and social vulnerability. The primary finding was a critical need for local government to be more adaptive and inclusive of community voices in decision-making. The authors argue this framework provides a dynamic way to enhance stakeholder engagement and tailor resilience-building measures.

The International Platform on Sustainable Finance (IPSF) updated the Common Ground Taxonomy (CGT) in November 2024, expanding the analysis to include 96 activities across five environmental objectives. The CGT serves as a voluntary technical tool to enhance the interoperability of sustainable finance standards between the EU and China, potentially lowering trans-boundary costs for green investments. The report details a scenario-based methodology for mapping activities using the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) as a neutral code. While it identifies 76 climate mitigation activities and 20 non-climate activities with shared ground, it explicitly excludes 'Do No Significant Harm' (DNSH) criteria, minimum social safeguards, and climate change adaptation due to technical complexity and divergent regulatory approaches.

The guide establishes a standardized framework for tracking climate mitigation, adaptation, and biodiversity finance. It provides detailed lists of eligible activities for mitigation, a three-step validation process for adaptation, and specific criteria for biodiversity finance. The document emphasizes the use of ex-ante GHG emission reduction assessments and offers methodologies for quantifying finance through incremental or proportional approaches to ensure transparency and avoid double-counting.

The document argues that Oregon should adopt consumption-based emission targets to account for its full carbon footprint and avoid displacing emissions to other regions. It contrasts sector-based emissions (territorial) with consumption-based emissions (life cycle of goods and services) and notes that while Oregon's sector emissions have decreased, consumption emissions continue to rise. The paper provides case studies from cities like San Francisco, London, and Paris, and countries like Sweden, to illustrate different target-setting approaches. It proposes four specific frameworks for Oregon: aligning with existing sector goals, targeting minimum well-being standards, using global carbon budget scenario analysis, or applying a 'fair share' equity-based approach.

The document outlines a methodology for governments to identify 'critical' or 'strategic' minerals based on technical, economic, and geopolitical risks. It emphasizes that criticality is dynamic and varies depending on whether a country is a producer or a consumer. The guide proposes a four-step process: understanding criticality, conducting a risk inventory and mapping, making strategic decisions, and performing regular reviews. It provides detailed indicators across geological, economic, social, environmental, and geopolitical dimensions to help countries maximize the benefits of the energy and digital transitions.

The Climate Bonds Initiative presents a tool for financial institutions to classify corporate transition maturity into five categories: No action, Committed, Aligning, Aligned, and Net zero. The system uses specific indicators across five components—Commitment, Emissions Targets, Delivery Strategy, Governance, and Performance—to determine a corporate's status. It distinguishes between 'short-term+' and 'full-term' plans within the 'Aligning' category and allows 'Climate Solutions' to be categorised as 'Aligned' for a limited period. The guide also provides a weighted-average methodology for corporates with multiple business activities and suggests that financing for corporates in the 'Aligning' and 'Aligned' categories can be considered 'transition finance'.

The document serves as a manual for community monitors under the COMPACT project, a collaboration between PARI, SALGA, and Integrity Action funded by the European Union from February 2022 to January 2026. It outlines a six-step monitoring process designed to increase local government accountability and improve service delivery, specifically focusing on water and sanitation. The guide details how to engage stakeholders, use the KoboToolbox app for data collection, and exercise legal rights to access information via the Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA). It also provides technical checklists for monitoring water infrastructure projects and strategies for conflict resolution and communication with government officials and contractors.

The toolkit outlines a structured, phased approach to integrating MEL into national adaptation planning. It emphasizes the use of logic models, such as Theories of Change, to link adaptation actions to outcomes and impacts. The guide provides detailed methodologies for selecting SMART indicators, collecting diverse qualitative and quantitative data, and conducting evaluations that integrate climate risks. It specifically highlights the necessity of gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) and the importance of deliberate learning to enable adaptive management of climate risks.

The document presents an 'integrated' or 'extended' CBA model designed for the Queensland Reconstruction Authority (QRA) to value 'betterment' road projects—investments that build infrastructure to a higher resilience standard than original specifications. Unlike traditional CBAs that focus on direct avoided reconstruction costs, this model incorporates 15 non-road indicators, including mental health impacts, market access for agriculture, and environmental externalities. Through case studies, such as the Aurukun Access Road, the report demonstrates that including these indirect and induced benefits can significantly alter the perceived economic viability of a project, potentially justifying investments that would otherwise appear financially non-viable.

The GCF Water Project Design Guidelines Part 1 establish a structured four-phase process—Scoping, Situation Analysis, Project Design, and Action Planning—to ensure water projects are climate-resilient and eligible for funding. The guide emphasizes an integrated systems approach, combining the Natural Resource System (NRS), Socio-Economic System (SES), and Administrative and Institutional System (AIS). A central requirement is the 'climate rationale,' which must use a 'climate science base' of historical and projected data to prove that projects address climate-induced risks rather than just general development needs. The guidelines advocate for adaptive management tools like Climate Risk Informed Decision Analysis (CRIDA) and Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways (DAPP) to handle uncertainty. Finally, the document links technical design steps to GCF's six investment criteria, including impact potential, paradigm shift potential, and country ownership, to ensure proposals are 'bankable' and aligned with National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

The HydroHazards project develops frameworks to analyze how simultaneous or sequential hydrometeorological events impact critical infrastructure and create social vulnerabilities. A national analysis of Sweden indicates that while extreme precipitation, river streamflow, and sea levels rarely coincide in one location, the south and west coasts are more prone to simultaneous floods and extreme sea levels. In the municipality of Halmstad, the project applies a mixed-methods approach—combining network analysis, synthetic distribution networks, and the Impact Chain model—to identify how infrastructure failures lead to cascading effects on the population, distinguishing between underlying social vulnerabilities (e.g., income) and emerging vulnerabilities caused by service disruptions.