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The document analyzes insurance penetration and market performance in Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, and Rwanda, highlighting a significant risk-protection gap. In Nigeria, only 8% of 138 million adults with bank accounts and mobile phones are covered by insurance. Across the four countries, the combined insurance asset base exceeded USD 10 billion in 2016, yet investments remain predominantly short-term, and a large portion of non-life risk is transferred offshore, particularly in Nigeria (81%) and Ghana (65%).

The document serves as a practical resource for the issuance of gender bonds in Africa, detailing the process from preparatory work to post-issuance reporting. It defines gender bonds as mechanisms to channel funding toward projects reducing gender inequalities, categorizing them into use-of-proceeds (UoP) and performance-based structures. The guide emphasizes the importance of gender-disaggregated data, the role of external reviews (such as Second Party Opinions), and the support of Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) as anchor investors. It highlights emerging markets in Morocco, Rwanda, South Africa, and Tanzania, and provides specific criteria for eligible projects, particularly the financing of women-owned micro, small, and medium enterprises (WMSMEs).

The document defines non-sewered sanitation systems (NSSS) as reticulation-free systems where human excreta are stored on-site for treatment or disposal. It highlights the economic return of water and sanitation investments, noting a USD 2.5 - 5 return in reduced healthcare costs for every dollar spent. In South Africa, NSSS are presented as solutions to water scarcity, aging infrastructure, and rapid urbanization, with a potential R4.7bn investment opportunity in metropolitan projects and a R3.4bn government allocation for school sanitation over two years. Globally, the document projects that water infrastructure costs will rise from USD 6.7 trillion by 2030 to USD 22.6 trillion by 2050, with Sub-Saharan Africa leading in annual costs to achieve basic and safe sanitation.

The document explores the role of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae in converting organic waste into frass, a nutrient-rich excrement that serves as a bio-fertiliser. It argues that BSF frass can support regenerative horticulture by improving soil health and reducing the ecological impact of synthetic fertilisers. In South Africa, where fertiliser is heavily imported and food waste is significant, the brief identifies a potential market for frass production valued between R3.1 and R12.4 billion per year. However, growth is hindered by scaling challenges, low market awareness, and significant regulatory delays in product registration through the Department of Agriculture Land Reform and Rural Development.

The report argues that South Africa can transition its mobility sector to zero-emission vehicles by leveraging the Atlantis Special Economic Zone (ASEZ) to attract EV assembly and component manufacturing. It highlights a strategic opportunity in public transport, noting a potential market of 350,000 minibus taxis and 65,000 buses. The document identifies high import taxes (at least 42% for EVs) as a barrier to uptake that local manufacturing at the ASEZ could overcome. It recommends targeting global OEMs like Tesla and BYD, as well as local startups like MellowVans and Green Riders, while emphasizing the need to localize the production of lithium-ion battery cells and semi-conductors to secure the value chain.

The document identifies that urban agriculture (UA) in Cape Town is often viewed only as a food security solution rather than a viable economic activity. It highlights that small urban farmers are frequently locked out of formal markets due to a lack of economies of scale, high investment requirements, and insufficient business management skills. To overcome these, the report suggests the use of formal co-operatives to aggregate produce, the adoption of specific food safety accreditations (such as SAGAP or GlobalGAP), and the development of local physical markets like agrihubs and farm stalls. It also emphasizes the role of online marketplaces and the Western Cape Department of Agriculture's Market Access Programme in bridging the gap between producers and off-takers.

The document highlights a gap in South Africa's climate finance landscape, where a low risk appetite for early-stage green SMMEs coincides with a lack of investment-ready pipelines. It presents the FNF GreenPitch Challenge as a mechanism to address this by sourcing pipelines and supporting SMME investment readiness. The case of STROOM, a women-owned electric cargo bike enterprise, illustrates the potential for micro-mobility to reduce operational costs by over 80% and create jobs in township and rural markets.

The American market for eco-certified fish is growing due to increased consumer awareness, particularly among younger generations. Manitoban walleye and lake whitefish are in high demand within the Midwestern United States, and several major US retailers stock MSC-certified fish.

The document identifies growing demand for eco-certified fish in the US and Europe, noting that young consumers and those seeking status symbols are primary drivers. It highlights that American shoppers select supermarkets based on their commitment to eco-certified sourcing and lists key European markets for Canadian seafood exports.

The document provides a geographic overview of the top 15 banana-producing countries as of 2016, categorizing production by harvest area and the level of VSS compliance, ranging from conventional production to VSS compliant.

The document argues that green bonds can help China meet its massive funding needs for a low-carbon economy while addressing systemic financial issues, such as over-reliance on short-term bank lending. It suggests that China can leverage its experience with Green Credit Guidelines to establish a robust market based on clear standards and independent verification. The report proposes a comprehensive action plan including public demonstration issuances, dual recourse structures for municipal bonds, green warehousing to aggregate small projects, and tax incentives. It emphasizes that these tools, combined with carbon pricing and the greening of development banks, could position China as a global leader in green capital markets.

The report examines how private equity firms profit from the U.S. education market, which was estimated at $1.1 trillion in 2020. It details the consolidation of curriculum and testing services by firms like Veritas Capital, the rise of outsourced staffing through companies like Education Solutions Services, and the risks associated with student data management by firms such as Vista Equity Partners. The document also analyzes the negative outcomes associated with private equity-owned for-profit colleges, charter schools, and early childhood education centers, arguing that a profit-driven model often conflicts with student interests and public good.

The report explores automated emissions reduction (AER), a software-based technology that modulates the electricity use of internet-connected devices based on real-time grid emissions data. Based on a pilot in Chicago and a stakeholder workshop, the report finds that AER can reduce pollution by 5–40% for specific loads and lower customer acquisition costs for utility demand response programs. It proposes five priority near-term initiatives: institutional and residential pilots, device certification, integration into GHG accounting protocols, and the creation of open-source infrastructure.

The policy brief outlines a framework for Ghana to achieve sustainable cooling through the integration of cooling needs into national energy and climate plans, the establishment of a National Cooling Plan Committee, and the adoption of passive cooling and energy efficiency standards. It emphasizes the need for 'Cool Cities' initiatives in urban centers like Accra and Kumasi, the modernization of cold chains for agriculture and healthcare via renewable energy, and the use of innovative financing like green bonds to attract private investment.

This market study, conducted in December 2020 by a consultant for the Unité de Coordination de la Gestion des déchets solides (UCG) under the Senegalese Ministry of Urbanism, Housing and Public Hygiene, analyzes the potential for organic waste valorization through composting in the Dakar and Thiès regions. The report identifies a significant market potential of approximately 426,503 agricultural producers, particularly in the Niayes zone, but notes that the sector is hindered by a total lack of local regulation, high production costs, and a strong preference for subsidized mineral fertilizers. It proposes a strategic action plan focusing on institutional regulation, financial incentives, and technical capacity building to transition from a linear to a circular economy.

Minutes from a February 2012 seminar in New Delhi, organized by TERI, the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), and DFID, focusing on the challenges of clean cookstove dissemination, consumer choice, and market development in India.

The document asserts that clean energy technologies now have the potential to replace 75% of existing fossil fuel demand, with renewable electricity exceeding 40% of the global power mix in 2024. It highlights that solar and wind are increasingly cost-competitive, displacing over 650 TWh of fossil fuel use between 2023 and 2024. The report notes a strong business preference for renewables, with over 90% of polled executives viewing access to renewable electricity as critical for investment decisions. It specifically warns that oil demand is expected to peak and decline this decade as electric vehicles (EVs) scale, and that gas infrastructure risks becoming stranded as renewables and electrified heat reduce demand. Additionally, it identifies China as the first 'electrostate' due to its rapid electrification and clean tech production.

The document outlines three specific green power products for corporate users: nationally sourced RECs, long-term fixed-price green power, and green contracts for differences (CFD). It examines these products within the U.S. market—covering both regulated and deregulated states—and assesses their use in Canada and Mexico.

The U.S. electric power system is transitioning away from coal, with coal's share of total generation dropping below 40% for the first time since 1978 in late 2011. While some companies attribute plant retirements to EPA regulations like the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (MATS), the document argues that market forces—including low natural gas prices and the competitiveness of renewables—are the primary drivers.

The paper examines Kenya's road transport electrification, noting that while the transport sector contributes 13 percent of the country's greenhouse gas emissions, fewer than 1 percent of annual vehicle sales are electric. It argues that increasing EV uptake requires a combination of bolstered policy interventions, improved access to technology and financing, and enhanced technical capacity and public awareness.