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A report by Zero Carbon Analytics quantifies the economic risk to Europe-bound Brazilian soy exports caused by declining river levels in the Amazon. The analysis indicates that by mid-century, up to USD 1 billion in annual soy trade passing through the ports of Manaus and Santarém could be exposed to disruption due to critically low river flows driven by climate change and deforestation.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative, PUC-RIO, and Amazon 2030 analyzes how Amazon deforestation reduces rainfall and river flow, thereby decreasing electricity generation and revenue for Brazil's two largest hydroelectric power plants (HPPs), Itaipu and Belo Monte.

This research paper evaluates the impact of climate change on water demand and coverage within the urban and agricultural sectors of the Maipo Basin in Chile, utilizing a statistical downscaling mechanism and hydrological modeling to compare sectoral sensitivities and the role of groundwater pumping.

This research paper examines the hydrological impacts of replacing livestock systems (perennial alfalfa pastures) with grain production systems (annual crops) in the subhumid hyperplains of the Pampas in Argentina, finding that grain production increases water-table levels and flooding risks.

This report identifies and delineates Strategic Water Source Areas (SWSAs) for surface water and groundwater across South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland. It defines SWSAs as areas providing disproportionate runoff or high groundwater recharge that are nationally important for water security. The study identifies 22 national surface water SWSAs (SWSA-sw) and 37 national groundwater SWSAs (SWSA-gw), analyzing their contribution to urban centers, agriculture, and industry, while assessing threats from land-cover change, mining, and invasive alien plants.

This research paper assesses the impact of climate change on the Gilgel Abay River in Ethiopia's Upper Blue Nile Basin using the Statistical Downscaling Tool (SDSM) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The study projects fluctuating precipitation and flow volumes between 2010 and 2100, ultimately predicting an overall annual increase in flow volume that could benefit local irrigation and dam projects.

This report identifies and maps National Strategic Water Source Areas (SWSAs) across South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland, defining them as areas that supply a disproportionate amount of mean annual runoff relative to their land area. The document evaluates the ecological condition, protection levels, and threats to these areas—including land cover modification and mining—while also providing an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the proposed Yzermyn Underground Coal Mine in Mpumalanga.

This executive summary details the Master Plan for the Pampa Huari River Basin (Plan Director de la Cuenca del Río Pampa Huari - PDCPH), developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) under the Bolivia WATCH program. The plan employs a Robust Decision Support (ADR) framework to address critical water scarcity, pollution from mining and urban waste, and land degradation in the Potosí department of Bolivia. It establishes a strategic roadmap across five lines of action: ecosystem restoration, sustainable water and sanitation, efficient agricultural irrigation, mining impact mitigation, and institutional capacity building.

This report details an interdisciplinary Environmental Flows (E-Flows) assessment of the Nam Songkhram River Basin in Northeast Thailand. The study examines the critical relationship between the Mekong River mainstream and the Nam Songkhram floodplain, emphasizing how the annual 'flood pulse' sustains high aquatic biodiversity and local livelihoods. The findings highlight a transition from natural wetland habitats to simplified ecosystems dominated by agricultural land and industrial tree plantations, specifically eucalyptus. The report argues that upstream flood control infrastructure is largely futile due to the dominance of the Mekong's hydrology and recommends a holistic, multi-stakeholder approach to basin management to prevent further ecological collapse.

This fact sheet describes the use of an enhanced Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model to analyze the impacts of hydroelectric expansion in Colombia's Magdalena River basin, specifically focusing on the Depresión Momposina wetlands. The study evaluates how current and planned dams affect water flow, sediment transport, and flood risks for local communities and ecosystems.

This fact sheet describes the hydrological modeling of the La Vieja river basin in Colombia using the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) tool. The project, funded by USAID and running from July 2012 to June 2015, aimed to strengthen societal adaptation to climate change in the management of water resources in the Otún and La Vieja river basins.