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WRI analysis indicates that North Carolina can reduce its CO2 emissions by 29 percent below 2011 levels by 2020 through a combination of its Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Portfolio Standard (REPS), increased combined heat and power (CHP) capacity, fuller utilization of combined cycle natural gas (NGCC) plants, and improved efficiency at coal-fired power plants.

The analysis indicates that India can achieve its 2070 net-zero target without compromising economic development, though the transition will create uneven regional and sectoral impacts. Key challenges include the need for economic diversification in fossil fuel-dependent regions, increased demand for skilled workers in specialized manufacturing, and the risk of exacerbating vulnerabilities in sectors like construction. Additionally, the decline in fossil fuel tax revenues will necessitate new public revenue mobilization strategies.

The document analyzes the impact of air travel on global greenhouse gas emissions and provides a framework for organizations to track, report, and mitigate these emissions. It highlights that air travel is projected to account for 12 to 27 percent of 2050 global emissions and that business travel specifically represents approximately 15 to 20 percent of global travel. Through case studies of organizations such as The Nature Conservancy, the European Investment Bank, and Ikea, the paper demonstrates the accessibility of conducting GHG inventories and setting science-based targets to drive organizational change.

The American Power Act (APA) would require facilities emitting over 25,000 tons of CO2 equivalent to hold emission permits, though energy-intensive, trade-exposed manufacturing subsectors would be eligible for free allowance rebates. WRI analysis indicates that eligible subsectors would receive enough free permits to cover all emissions for 2016 and several years following. Based on EIA projections across low, medium, and high permit price scenarios, most examined chemicals subsectors would experience only modest energy and compliance effects in the first year of compliance (2016).

The paper estimates annual global transport capital investment between $1.4 trillion and $2.1 trillion, noting that private investment accounts for approximately 58% of the total. It highlights a disparity in investment sources between high-income countries, where private investment dominates, and middle- and low-income countries, where public investment is slightly more prevalent. The authors argue that leveraging private investment and public resources is essential for transitioning to low-carbon transport, particularly in rapidly urbanizing developing nations.

The document examines India's efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through international commitments and the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). While India is likely to meet its goal of reducing GDP emissions intensity by 20–25 percent from 2005 levels by 2020, the paper highlights significant implementation gaps. It emphasizes the need for improved financing, institutional capacity, and coordination across different levels of government and ministries to ensure mitigation goals are achieved.

The document outlines a research-based approach to enhancing the Global Stocktake (GST) process. It leverages the work of the Independent Global Stocktake (iGST), a collaboration of climate modelers, analysts, and advocates, to analyze the GST through the lenses of mitigation, adaptation, finance, and equity.

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and Reporting Standard provides a standardized framework for organizations to inventory and report indirect GHG emissions. Its primary goal is to enable companies to identify the most significant emission reduction opportunities within their value chains to inform sustainable business decisions. The standard aims to ensure inventories are 'true and fair' and cost-effective, support the development of emission reduction strategies, and ensure transparent public reporting. It is designed to be flexible, allowing companies to adopt a phased implementation approach to improve data quality over time.

The Carbon Canopy is a partnership of companies, landowners, and NGOs designed to increase the area of sustainably managed forests in the southern U.S. by using carbon offset revenue to compensate woodland owners for certification costs. Based on the partnership's experience, the document recommends that similar programs actively recruit and secure anchor buyers to build demand, invest in landowner education and upfront financing to ensure supply, and select high-quality certification standards early to create efficient transactional infrastructure.

The document outlines a strategic roadmap developed by CSIS and WRI to transition the United States to a secure, low-carbon energy economy. It argues that energy security and climate goals must be integrated into all policymaking to avoid the instability caused by either continued fossil fuel dependence or the premature adoption of unreliable low-carbon alternatives. The proposed framework emphasizes establishing a long-term vision, resetting the energy system through carbon pricing and financial commitments, and managing the transition by balancing short-term demand with long-term decarbonization.

Following a 2007 Supreme Court ruling and a 2009 EPA finding that greenhouse gases (GHGs) endanger public health and welfare, the EPA is positioned to regulate GHGs under the Clean Air Act. Potential regulatory paths include emission performance standards for motor vehicles and performance or technology standards for stationary sources like power plants and factories. While such regulations may increase production costs for some manufacturers, they could lower consumer costs through improved fuel and electricity efficiency. The document notes that EPA action could overlap or conflict with future congressional legislation unless statutory authority is clearly defined.

The report contends that bioenergy is an inefficient use of land that exacerbates a projected 70 percent 'food gap' between 2006 calorie availability and 2050 needs. It asserts that large-scale bioenergy targets are unrealistic, as meeting a 20 percent global energy demand target by 2050 would require doubling the world's annual plant harvest. The author argues that bioenergy's climate benefits are often overestimated due to 'double counting' carbon absorption that would occur regardless of energy use. In contrast, solar photovoltaics are presented as significantly more land-efficient, capable of generating over 100 times the usable energy per hectare. The document recommends phasing out subsidies and regulatory requirements for crop-based biofuels and instead prioritizing 'additional' biomass—such as timber processing wastes and landfill methane—for hard-to-abate sectors like aviation.

The report argues that businesses in Southeast Asia must adapt to inevitable climate impacts, such as sea level rise and extreme weather, to maintain a competitive edge. It highlights that while the private sector lags behind governments and non-profits in adaptation efforts, there are 'win-win' opportunities to align business profit with the needs of the region's most vulnerable populations.

The Corporate Ecosystem Services Review (ESR) is a strategic tool developed by the World Resources Institute, the Meridian Institute, and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. It provides a five-step methodology for companies to assess how ecosystem degradation—which has seen 15 of 24 evaluated services decline over the last 50 years—affects their bottom line. The ESR identifies five categories of risks and opportunities: operational, regulatory and legal, reputational, market and product, and financing. By 2012, approximately 300 companies had utilized the ESR to move beyond traditional pollution-focused environmental assessments toward a strategy that accounts for ecosystem dependence.

The document argues that current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are insufficient to limit global warming to 1.5°C and seeks to provide CVF member countries with sectoral options for enhancing their NDCs. It focuses on energy, transport, forestry, food, and agriculture to drive a low-carbon, climate-resilient pathway that aligns with sustainable development goals.

The document examines the necessity of transitioning from unmanaged electric vehicle (EV) charging to smart charging (VGI) to prevent grid overloads and better align with solar generation. Based on a survey of Honda EV owners in the US, it finds high interest in VGI programs driven by environmental and financial motives, though significant concerns persist regarding data privacy and battery life, particularly among BIPOC, lower-income, and female respondents.

The paper introduces the Triple Dividend of Resilience (TDR) framework, which categorizes adaptation benefits into avoided losses (first dividend), induced economic/development benefits (second dividend), and social/environmental benefits (third dividend). It finds that the second and third dividends often exceed the value of avoided losses and can result in benefit-cost ratios greater than 1 independently of whether a disaster occurs. The author argues that fully quantifying these dividends can help mobilize public and private finance and suggests five strategies to standardize TDR analysis, including growing the evidence base and improving data collection.

The document outlines four possible global emissions pathways, known as Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), ranging from low-carbon to fossil fuel-intensive futures. It uses IPCC data to show how these pathways lead to varying climate impacts, including changes in temperature, precipitation, and ecosystem degradation.

Jonathan Pershing's testimony to the U.S. Senate emphasizes that mitigating global climate change requires systemic shifts in power generation and transport technologies, the adoption of a diverse portfolio of solutions rather than a single technology, and government intervention through R&D funding and the establishment of price signals to drive market investment.

The report argues that Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) must move beyond a narrow focus on market-valued provisioning services to a systematic approach that accounts for multiple ecosystem services in all development operations. It highlights that two-thirds of 24 audited global ecosystem services have been degraded, undermining development. The document proposes integrating ecosystem services into strategic direction setting, advisory services, and investments to better manage risks and opportunities related to climate and environment.