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This 2012 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute provides a baseline assessment of livelihood strategies in the Jaldhaka watershed of West Bengal, India. Based on community fieldwork in five villages and expert meetings, the report identifies three primary livelihood strategies: agriculture, off-farm employment, and independent tea production. It details the cropping patterns, water management challenges, and financial security mechanisms used by smallholders in the region.

This policy brief describes the integration of the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) and Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) systems to analyze the water-energy-climate nexus. Using a case study in California, the document demonstrates how integrated modeling can quantify the tradeoffs between reducing water imports through desalination and the resulting increases in electricity demand and greenhouse gas emissions.

This 2012 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute analyzes two agricultural water management (AWM) scenarios in the Jaldhaka watershed of West Bengal, India: widespread rural electrification and the expansion of independent tea growing. Using community fieldwork and expert meetings, the report evaluates the potential impacts of these changes on various stakeholder groups, livelihoods, and the environment over a ten-year horizon.

This 2012 technical report by the Stockholm Environment Institute provides a baseline assessment of livelihood strategies in the Mkindo Watershed of the Wami Basin, Tanzania. It identifies three main livelihood groups: farmers with official irrigation, rainfed farmers, and livestock keepers. The report highlights that while irrigated farmers are more financially successful, rainfed farmers use diversification to manage risk. Livestock keepers face the most insecurity due to land degradation and water scarcity, leading to conflicts with farmers. The document also notes environmental degradation caused by commercial sugarcane farming and widespread health issues linked to poor water quality.

This 2012 technical report by the Stockholm Environment Institute provides a baseline assessment of livelihood strategies in the Nariarlé watershed of the Volta River Basin in Burkina Faso. Based on community fieldwork conducted in June 2010 across four villages, the report details the practices, yields, and constraints of four primary groups: rainfed farmers, irrigated gardeners, pastoralists, and fishers.

This 2012 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute analyzes the implementation of the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) within the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) during the 2007-2013 period. It examines the challenges of integrating agricultural productivity with environmental boundary conditions, such as nutrient reduction and biodiversity conservation. The report argues that the diversity of farming systems in the BSR should be an asset and recommends that post-2013 CAP reforms shift toward treating environmental services as a core value of farming rather than a precondition for payment, while introducing 'soft measures' to improve transboundary cooperation and stakeholder engagement.

This briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) argues that the failure of clean cookstove programs to transform markets is largely due to a neglect of user needs, preferences, and cultural contexts. SEI advocates for a user-centered approach that combines quantitative economic modeling with qualitative ethnographic research to understand the social, emotional, and ergonomic factors influencing household energy choices.

This discussion brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute argues for a 'nexus' approach to climate change in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, emphasizing the critical interdependence of water and energy planning for effective mitigation and adaptation.

This briefing describes the Climate and Regional Economics of Development (CRED) model developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute. The model argues that achieving human welfare requires keeping cumulative twenty-first century CO2 emissions below 2,000 Gt to maintain a high probability of limiting global temperature increases to below 2°C, contrasting with conventional models like DICE that suggest slower reductions.

This fact sheet describes the BalticClimate toolkit, a resource developed between 2008 and 2012 to support local and regional stakeholders in the Baltic Sea Region in addressing climate change through adaptation, mitigation, and economic development.

This policy brief, produced by the Stockholm Environment Institute in partnership with the business leaders' initiative 3C, examines the role of biomass in transitioning to a low-carbon economy by 2035. It argues that while biomass is a promising renewable energy source, it is constrained by physical limits and competing needs for food and materials. The document evaluates four future scenarios, concluding that a 'Sustainability Transition'—which balances climate mitigation with sustainable agricultural productivity—offers the most viable path for economic growth and environmental stability.

This policy brief, produced by the Stockholm Environment Institute in partnership with the business leaders' initiative 3C, examines the risk of metal scarcity for low-carbon technologies. Using a custom scenario calculator, the authors analyze the future supply and demand for cobalt, lithium, neodymium, indium, and tellurium, concluding that cumulative supply deficits for several of these metals could hinder the global transition to a low-carbon economy.

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute evaluates the allocation of resources by the Adaptation Fund as of June 2012. It argues that the lack of a clear, agreed-upon definition of "particularly vulnerable" undermines the fund's ability to ensure equity and efficiency in distributing scarce adaptation finance.

This policy brief evaluates China's efforts to establish a domestic carbon trading system during its 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015). It describes the transition from top-down command-and-control measures to market-based instruments, highlighting the role of regional pilots and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) while identifying significant structural and administrative challenges to achieving a functional national system by 2016.

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) discusses the challenges of providing sustainable energy access to the global poor while meeting climate goals. It presents three scenarios—Baseline, Basic Energy Access (BEA), and Shared Development Agenda (SDA)—to explore the energy systems required to enable long-term economic development. The document argues that market-based instruments alone are insufficient and calls for a transformative global governance framework, increased state-led investment in innovation, and the integration of energy targets into Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the need for a robust Monitoring, Reporting and Verifying (MRV) framework for climate finance provided to developing countries. It argues that while current systems are fragmented and inconsistent, establishing transparency is essential for building trust between donors and recipients and ensuring funds are used effectively.

This 2012 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute describes the Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP), a tool designed to calculate and illustrate the global environmental impact of consumption at national, regional, and local levels in Sweden. The report emphasizes the difference between traditional territory-based emission accounting and consumption-based accounting, which includes emissions from imported goods. It provides a detailed explanation of REAP's methodology, its database and scenario functions, and presents case studies from various Swedish municipalities to demonstrate how the tool can support policy decisions for sustainable development.

This research paper uses the WAMPS life-cycle assessment model to compare leachate and landfill gas (LFG) treatment technologies in Estonian municipal landfills. It finds that reverse osmosis outperforms aerobic-activated sludge for leachate treatment and argues that improving LFG collection for energy recovery is more beneficial than flaring, as energy recovery can offset more environmental impact than the direct greenhouse gas emissions produced.

This research paper uses the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) system to assess climate change impacts and adaptation strategies for the Sacramento River basin and the San Joaquin Valley's Delta export region, concluding that fundamental operational changes to water management are necessary to address increasing agricultural demand and decreasing supply reliability.

This internal report describes a 2011 desktop review conducted by Sida's Helpdesk for Environment and Climate Change and the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) to evaluate the accuracy of Sida's financial reporting against OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) policy markers for climate change adaptation, mitigation, biodiversity and ecosystem services, and environment.