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This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute and the Energy Research Centre examines the potential significant decline of coal production in South Africa over the next five to ten years and the requirements for ensuring a "just transition."

The Mekong floodplains, covering 70,000 km2 and supporting millions in Cambodia and Vietnam, are facing ecosystem deterioration due to climate change and rapid economic growth. While hydropower is a recognized threat to biodiversity, the paper argues that an over-emphasis on dams by the scientific community has obscured other significant local drivers of environmental change.

This research paper examines the limited role of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in addressing fossil fuel subsidies despite the mandates of the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda. It analyzes the compatibility of specific G20 fossil fuel support measures with the 1994 Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures and proposes five avenues for international trade policy reform.

This research paper concludes that the International Civil Aviation Organization's scheme to offset international flight emissions above 2020 levels requires robust eligibility criteria to be effective. It warns that using credits from existing Clean Development Mechanism projects could result in no additional emissions reductions and recommends limiting eligibility to new or at-risk projects.

This book chapter examines the roles of geothermal energy and the charcoal sector within Kenya's low-carbon transition and its goal to reach middle-income status by 2030.

This research paper outlines a protocol for a systematic mapping of evidence regarding the social and environmental impacts of metal mining activities in Boreal and Arctic regions.

This research paper analyzes the factors enabling or hindering the expansion of household-level biogas development in rural Bali, Indonesia, using an integrated approach to provide insights for low-carbon energy transitions in developing countries.

This policy brief summarizes research from the Transition Pathways and Risk Analysis for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies (TRANSrisk) project, focusing on the risks and uncertainties of adopting lower-carbon fuels and the innovation systems required to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.

This research paper argues that mainstream climate adaptation research often focuses too narrowly on biophysical impacts and climate risk management, thereby overlooking the broader social, economic, and political contexts of rural populations. Using Nepal as a case study, the authors suggest that adaptation research should be reframed to include questions about the most significant changes in people's lives—such as migration and shifting rural political economies—rather than focusing solely on climate-driven risks.

This guide by the Stockholm Environment Institute explains how local governments can estimate consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions inventories (CBEIs) to understand the full carbon footprint of their communities, including emissions generated outside city borders.

This briefing describes the first application of the Gridded Meteorological Ensemble Tool (GMET) outside the United States, used by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) in Bolivia to support a national water balance study. The project focused on creating continuous climate datasets from sparse station data and transferring the technical capacity to local Bolivian experts.

This document outlines a protocol for a systematic map designed to evaluate the effectiveness of ecotechnologies used for the reuse of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in agriculture within the Baltic Sea region and boreo-temperate systems.

This technical report presents the Small-Scale Irrigation Mapping (SSIM) tool, which uses 30-m Landsat 8 imagery to map irrigation on areas smaller than 1 hectare in Burkina Faso. The tool addresses the limitations of previous low-resolution maps and was used to validate the TAGMI decision-support tool for district-level agricultural water management interventions.

A Stockholm Environment Institute study assesses the vulnerability of electricity expansion plans in the Eastern African Power Pool (EAPP) to climate-driven changes in hydropower generation, concluding that planning for a slightly wetter climate than historical trends provides the most resilient strategy.

This research paper proposes an evaluation frame to assess the feasibility of sustainability transitions pathways (STPs), emphasizing the need for radical departures from current socio-technical trajectories to meet low-carbon and sustainability goals.

This research paper examines the pathways through which the European Union is exposed to climate change impacts occurring outside its borders, noting that many EU countries exceed global averages in exposure across several key risk indicators.

This research paper examines the constraints faced by climate service producers in Sweden that hinder the delivery of actionable information for climate adaptation, moving beyond the assumption that failures are due to producer incompetence.

This research paper introduces a new set of national consumption-based indicators developed under the PRINCE project in Sweden to track the global use, emissions, and impacts of hazardous substances linked to a country's total consumption.

This report chapter argues that climate change adaptation policies in the Hindu Kush Himalaya region must integrate gender and social intersectionality—including class, caste, ethnicity, and geography—to be successful, as these factors create differential vulnerabilities among mountain communities.

This Stockholm Environment Institute briefing examines the barriers to gender equality in the agricultural sectors of South and Southeast Asia. It argues that Women's Economic Empowerment (WEE) strategies, which focus on market access and productivity, often fail to achieve true gender equality because they ignore systemic patriarchal norms and power imbalances. The document provides evidence from rice value chains and home gardening projects in Cambodia, Pakistan, and Vietnam to illustrate how women remain marginalized as secondary labor with limited control over resources, and recommends a shift toward transformative approaches that address the root cultural and political causes of inequality.