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This research paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the role of infrastructure banks in closing the global infrastructure financing gap. It analyzes best practices from various international institutions and provides eight strategic recommendations for countries establishing their own infrastructure banks to mobilize private capital and promote sustainable development.

This executive summary from the 2018 'Brown to Green' report analyzes the progress of G20 countries toward a low-carbon economy. It highlights a significant gap between current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the goals of the Paris Agreement, noting that G20 energy-related CO2 emissions began increasing again in 2017 and that 82% of the G20 energy supply remains dependent on fossil fuels.

The 2018 Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy (RISE) report provides a global inventory of policies and regulations supporting Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7), focusing on electricity access, clean cooking, energy efficiency, and renewable energy across 133 economies from 2010 to 2017.

This report by Dick Clark of Consult Hyperion for FSD Africa provides an analysis of biometric technologies and their application in retail payments and financial services, specifically within emerging economies. It distinguishes between biometric identification (1:N matching) and verification (1:1 matching), concluding that while identification is costly and complex, biometrics are increasingly valuable for strong authentication and customer verification in digital financial services.

The Allianz Climate and Energy Monitor 2017 ranks G20 member states on their attractiveness for low-carbon electricity infrastructure investments and assesses their investment needs to meet Paris Agreement temperature limits. While OECD countries like Germany, the UK, and France remain the most attractive destinations due to stable policy frameworks, emerging markets such as China, India, and South Africa show significant growth in renewable installations but face high investment needs to create climate-resilient power infrastructure.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the rule of exhaustion of local remedies (ELR) in international investment law. It analyzes how the customary international law requirement—that individuals seek redress in domestic courts before initiating international proceedings—has been largely dispensed with in investment treaties, while recently being reintroduced by several states to protect domestic sovereignty. The document reviews treaty practices, case law from ICSID and other tribunals, and provides policy recommendations for states negotiating investment agreements.

This document contains the remarks delivered by Manish Bapna, WRI Executive Vice President and Managing Director and co-chair of the Open Government Partnership (OGP) Steering Committee, at the OGP Global Summit in Paris on December 7, 2016. Bapna argues that while open government cannot solve all global problems alone, these problems cannot be solved without it, specifically citing the rise of populism, the refugee crisis, extreme poverty, and climate change as failures of governance.

This research paper analyzes 163 Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (I)NDCs submitted by October 12, 2016, to evaluate how their diverse structures impact the robust accounting of international transfers under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. The authors categorize targets by type, scope, and methodology, concluding that economy-wide absolute emission targets are the most conducive to straightforward accounting.

This research paper analyzes the evolving partnership between Japan and Africa, focusing on the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD). It highlights Japan's shift from a primary focus on aid to a broader economic strategy involving trade and investment, while navigating geopolitical competition with China and seeking international support for UN Security Council reform.

The 2016 Annual U.S. & Global Geothermal Power Production Report details a global operating capacity of 13.3 GW across 24 countries, with a forecast to reach 18.4 GW by 2021. While the U.S. maintains a significant presence with 3.7 GW of nameplate capacity, the report highlights vast untapped global potential (only 6-7% utilized) and growth in regions like East Africa and Central/South America. It emphasizes the role of geothermal energy in meeting COP21 climate commitments and outlines the GEA's project tracking methodology.

This policy brief, published by the South African Institute of International Affairs, provides recommendations to restore multilateral trade cooperation and the central role of the World Trade Organization (WTO) amidst a systemic crisis characterized by the failure of the Doha Round and the rise of Mega-Preferential Trade Arrangements (MPTAs).

This briefing analyzes the UN Sustainable Development Summit, which focused on the adoption of the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It examines the successful negotiation process led by the Open Working Group (OWG), initial national commitments to implementation, and outstanding requirements such as the development of indicators and the outcome of the Paris Climate Change Conference.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International announcing and celebrating the decision of the Uruguayan government to withdraw from the Trade in Services Agreement (TISA) negotiations following a successful public mobilization campaign.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International (FOEI) calling for global solidarity with refugees, specifically addressing the crisis in Europe and the conflict in Syria, while outlining systemic root causes such as resource extraction and climate change.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International calling for global solidarity with refugees, specifically those fleeing the conflict in Syria, and outlining systemic changes needed to prevent future displacement, including climate justice and resource management.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the role of public finance in accelerating geothermal energy deployment in developing countries. Based on case studies from Turkey, Kenya, and Indonesia, the report demonstrates that public risk-mitigation measures can reduce the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and allow governments to achieve electricity generation goals while spending only 15-35% of the resources required for sole public ownership.

This working paper analyzes the experiences of seven Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) between 2011 and 2014 to identify strategies for driving private sector investment in climate resilience, specifically within agriculture, water-intensive industries, and infrastructure.

This report analyzes Energy Savings Insurance (ESI), a financial instrument developed by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and BASE to mitigate the risk of underperformance in energy efficiency projects for small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) in developing countries.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International marking International Women's Day, emphasizing the intersection of gender equality, environmental justice, and the specific risks faced by women human rights defenders.

This executive summary reviews international fuel pricing experiences to provide recommendations for Indonesia's 2015 fuel price system reforms. It analyzes how other emerging economies manage price volatility and suggests improvements in pricing formulas, regulatory functions, and non-pricing interventions to maintain fiscal savings while protecting vulnerable consumers.