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This statement from the Center for International Environmental Law argues that the World Health Organization (WHO) must actively analyze and intervene in the intellectual property (IP) provisions of bilateral and regional free trade agreements (FTAs). The document asserts that these agreements often impose standards that exceed the TRIPS Agreement, potentially undermining the Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health and restricting access to affordable medicines in developing countries.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes how sustainable finance taxonomies integrate mechanisms to support the transition of high-emission sectors toward net-zero emissions by 2050. It identifies six specific 'Taxonomy Transition Mechanisms' used to define and evaluate the credibility of transition activities, providing a framework for taxonomy designers, investors, and market professionals to ensure robust and science-based decarbonization pathways.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes how financial taxonomies can facilitate the transition to net-zero emissions by 2050, particularly for hard-to-abate sectors. It introduces six 'transition mechanisms'—including forward-looking criteria, expiry dates, and transition plan requirements—to help developers create credible benchmarks. Through case studies of the EU, China, and Australia, the report illustrates different taxonomy archetypes (binary, traffic-light, and mixed) and emphasizes the need to integrate these technical tools with broader national climate policies and science-based pathways.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes how sustainable finance taxonomies incorporate transition mechanisms to support the shift to net-zero emissions by 2050. It identifies six key 'Taxonomy Transition Mechanisms'—including forward criteria, sunset dates, and transition plan requirements—and examines their application across traffic-light, binary, and mixed taxonomy archetypes. Through case studies of jurisdictions like Singapore, the EU, Australia, China, and Rwanda, the report demonstrates how these mechanisms can be used to provide granular, science-based criteria for hard-to-abate sectors, distinguishing between point-in-time 'transition labels' for financial instruments and the long-term 'transition process' of entities and sectors.

This technical report, prepared for the South African National Treasury by the Climate Policy Initiative and GreenCape, evaluates the international interoperability and usability of the South African Green Finance Taxonomy (SA GFT). The analysis focuses on three core pillars: Make a Substantial Contribution (MSC), Do No Significant Harm (DNSH), and Minimum Social Safeguards (MSS). While the SA GFT shows strong alignment with global standards in its environmental objectives and sectoral coverage, it faces significant challenges in the practical application and measurability of its DNSH and MSS criteria. The report recommends introducing more flexible alignment classifications, increasing the use of quantitative thresholds, and integrating existing national social regulations to enhance the taxonomy's usability and attractiveness for international investment.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative defines carbon finance and details the various instruments, markets, and regulatory frameworks used to price greenhouse gas emissions to incentivize reductions and fund climate mitigation.

This annexure provides a detailed source-sink mapping and cluster analysis for the decarbonization of India's steel sector using Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS). It identifies specific industrial clusters in the eastern region, estimates their CO2 emissions and storage requirements, and maps available storage capacities in saline aquifers and coal fields. Additionally, it outlines global CCUS operational projects and compares policy frameworks in the US, EU, UK, and China.

This report by NatureFinance and the World Bioeconomy Forum analyzes the current state and future potential of the global bioeconomy, focusing on the financial instruments and policy frameworks needed to transition toward a sustainable, nature-positive, and equitable economy. It proposes a strategic spectrum to categorize bioeconomic activities and highlights the critical role of international cooperation, particularly through the G20, to align finance with biodiversity and climate goals.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative details the 2018 green finance commitments of the International Development Finance Club (IDFC) member institutions, noting a decrease in total commitments compared to 2017 but a significant increase in adaptation finance.

This case study analyzes the financing model and risk allocation of the Ouarzazate I Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plant in Morocco, a 160MW facility costing USD 1.3 billion. The project utilizes a public-private partnership (PPP) to mobilize capital and mitigate risks in a market where CSP is not yet commercially viable due to high technology costs and fossil-fuel subsidies.

This white paper by the Climate Policy Initiative examines the exposure of the Indian financial sector to climate-related risks and outlines a pathway for integration and product innovation. It highlights the vulnerability of India's economy to climate change, the current gaps in risk management and data within the banking, insurance, and capital markets, and provides a framework for implementing climate stress tests and disclosures aligned with international standards like the TCFD.

This document is a response by the NGO Sandbag to a joint consultation by the UK, Scottish, Welsh, and Northern Irish governments regarding the future of carbon pricing in the UK. Sandbag argues against the creation of a standalone UK Emissions Trading System (ETS), citing risks of high volatility and market failure. Instead, it recommends that the UK remain part of the EU ETS or, if that is not possible, implement a carbon tax with a price floor based on EU ETS averages. The response also suggests expanding carbon pricing to fossil gas and fugitive methane, ending the zero-emissions treatment of large-scale biomass burning, and distributing carbon revenues to citizens as a 'climate dividend'.

The 2026 Global Electricity Review by Ember reports that record solar energy growth in 2025 met the entirety of new global electricity demand, halting the increase in fossil fuel generation for the first time since 2020. For the first time in the modern era, renewable energy sources collectively surpassed coal, accounting for over one-third of global electricity generation.

This fact sheet by Ember provides global electricity insights ahead of COP27, detailing the acceleration of clean energy, regional trends in Europe and Asia, and the role of coal mine methane emissions.

This guide details the methodology used by Ember for its monthly wind and solar capacity dataset, which as of March 20, 2026, covers 25 countries and regions representing approximately 92% of global solar and 91% of global wind capacity.

This executive summary from Ember reports that while wind and solar energy reached a record 10.3% of global electricity generation in 2021, global electricity demand grew faster than clean energy could keep up with. This resulted in record-high coal generation and CO2 emissions from the power sector in 2021, driven largely by demand increases in Asia.

This executive summary from Ember reports that while wind and solar power reached a record 10.3% of global electricity generation in 2021, global electricity demand grew faster than clean energy could keep up, leading to record-high coal generation and CO2 emissions.

This report by Friends of the Earth International argues that agrofuels (biofuels) significantly increase food prices and volatility, contributing to global hunger and poverty. It highlights that international bodies like the World Bank and OECD agree that food prices are higher due to biofuels and recommend eliminating subsidies and mandates. The document also links agrofuel production to 'land grabbing' in Africa and human rights abuses in Indonesia, India, and Latin America, urging a shift toward food sovereignty and energy efficiency.

This October 2016 report by Friends of the Earth International argues that the current global trade and investment regime prioritizes the economic profitability of agribusiness over food sovereignty and agroecology. It details how neoliberal investment frameworks, including 'mega-regional' agreements and Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs), undermine the ability of states to implement public policies that protect human rights and the environment, effectively blocking the transition to sustainable, small-scale food production.

This report by Friends of the Earth International critiques the industrial agribusiness investment model, arguing that current trade and investment agreements prioritize corporate profits over food sovereignty and human rights. It advocates for a shift toward agroecology and the support of small-scale food producers to combat hunger and environmental degradation.