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The report examines the 'polycrisis' created by the convergence of climate change and armed conflict, which amplifies threats to global public health and disproportionately affects vulnerable populations. It highlights the role of military emissions and disinformation in exacerbating these crises and calls for integrated climate, health, and peacebuilding strategies.

Over 100 companies, representing more than $1.5 trillion USD in annual revenue, call for governments to accelerate the transition to clean electrification. They argue that reliance on volatile fuel markets undermines competitiveness and that electrifying transport, buildings, and industry is a cost-effective way to strengthen energy security. The statement urges international cooperation through bodies like the G7 and G20, and national policies focused on affordability, electricity market design, grid modernization, and clear electrification timelines.

The document provides a series of key messages and indicators related to global forest governance, the distribution of clean cookstoves, the market share of certified commodities, and the drivers of forest loss.

The report examines the decarbonization of the commercial vehicle sector, which contributes 37% of road-transport CO2 emissions. It highlights that technology pathways are shaped by national priorities and geopolitical interests, notes the uncertain cost-competitiveness of long-haul low-carbon trucks, and discusses the tension between OEM diversification and the need for economies of scale.

The methodology establishes a framework for the 'integrated replacement' of fossil-fuel generators (such as diesel or natural gas gensets and mini-grids) with greenfield renewable energy systems (RES), including solar PV, wind, and hydro. It mandates the permanent decommissioning of the baseline system and the implementation of a Just Transition Plan to protect affected workers and consumers. Emission reductions are calculated by comparing the RES output against a baseline of historical or default fossil fuel emissions, adjusted downward over time via a Downward Adjustment Factor (DAF) to align with national Net Zero trajectories. The framework includes detailed requirements for demonstrating additionality, accounting for embodied emissions from RES manufacturing, and managing reversal risks if the RES fails. A voluntary annex also allows for the quantification of avoided black carbon and PM2.5 emissions.

The research develops a new metric to quantify how climate extremes in exporting countries increase the vulnerability of importing nations, finding that for 10% of countries, exposure to foreign 'hot events' via staple crop imports could nearly triple between 2041 and 2060.

While global renewable energy additions continue to break records, primarily driven by solar and China, current forecasts suggest a tripling by 2030 is not guaranteed without increased government ambition and implementation. The document highlights a misalignment between rapid deployment and national targets, which risks underinvestment in critical enabling systems such as grids, storage, and flexibility. It specifically emphasizes the need to scale up wind energy through supply chain unlocking and stable policy mechanisms, while urging parallel investment in infrastructure to prevent solar curtailment and bottlenecks.

The world is currently ahead of the curve to triple renewable capacity by 2030 due to an average annual addition growth of 29% from 2023 to 2025. However, IEA forecasts suggest a potential shortfall, with the main case predicting only 9,530 GW by 2030 due to policy changes in the US and China, primarily driven by deficits in wind and hydro capacity.

The study integrates digital transformation projections into the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) framework using statistical models calibrated from 62 countries. It highlights the risk of a persistent digital divide and provides a methodology for quantifying the impact of digitalization on climate goals and sustainable development.

The study warns that failing to meet 40-80% of new labour demand for the energy transition could result in a shortfall of 6 million workers by 2030, leaving renewable capacity 10% below targets and driving power sector emissions 12% above 2030 pledges. Such a delay could shift the sector's warming pathway from 1.7°C to 2.4°C. The research identifies ageing populations, education gaps, and slow worker transitions from fossil fuels as primary constraints, and proposes the Labour Market Transition Potential Index to evaluate national workforce mobilisation potential.

The report analyzes the convergence of nature-based solutions (NbS) and adaptation and resilience (A&R) finance, highlighting a critical funding gap where annual global nature finance flows of USD 200 billion are only one-third of the amount needed by 2030. Through five case studies—including the Acumen Resilient Agriculture Fund and Wildfire Resilience Insurance—the document identifies key barriers such as the complexity of measuring outcomes in changing climates, the lack of standardized metrics, and the high upfront costs of resilience interventions. It argues that while carbon credits and regulatory standards like the EU Deforestation Regulation provide pathways, scaling requires a shift from reactive to preventive investment mindsets and the development of credible, localized impact metrics. The report concludes that reforming the development finance architecture and leveraging global frameworks like COP30 are essential to mainstreaming nature-based adaptation.

The report argues that the financial sector's climate governance chain is fundamentally broken, as voluntary net-zero commitments by financial institutions and cooperative initiatives have failed to stop the flow of capital into fossil fuels. It introduces an "impact levers" framework to provide actor-specific recommendations for banks, asset managers, pension funds, and regulators to move from voluntary pledges toward enforceable standards and systemic accountability to support a Paris-aligned economy.

The document analyzes how the global plastics economy, valued at $1.1 trillion in 2023, necessitates international trade cooperation to end plastic pollution. It explores four key areas: proposed treaty obligations (such as restrictions on chemicals of concern and waste trade), safeguards against disguised protectionism, the socio-economic costs of implementation for governments and MSMEs, and the treaty's relationship with other international instruments like the WTO and various Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs).

The document examines how the proposed international treaty on plastic pollution intersects with global trade, focusing on the transformation of supply chains, the risk of disguised protectionism, and the implementation costs for developing nations. It highlights that the global plastics trade was valued at $1.1 trillion in 2023, with over 78% of plastics traded internationally. The briefing analyzes four key areas: proposed treaty obligations (such as restrictions on chemicals of concern and waste trade), the use of non-discrimination language to prevent arbitrary trade barriers, the fiscal and technical challenges for parties—particularly MSMEs in developing countries—to meet new standards, and the treaty's relationship with other international agreements like the WTO and various Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). It concludes that trade-related measures under MEAs have historically been compatible with WTO rules.

The report highlights that Indigenous Peoples achieved expanded engagement and increased recognition of their contributions to sustainability in 2024 across the Rio Conventions. However, it identifies inconsistent acceptance of human rights language and a lack of direct funding for participation and customary practices as primary remaining barriers.

This report by Global Energy Monitor (GEM) analyzes the potential for repurposing abandoned and soon-to-be-closed surface coal mines into solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants. It argues that these sites are ideal for solar development due to their existing proximity to grid infrastructure and the need for land reclamation, offering a pathway to align clean energy goals with local job creation and environmental restoration.

The document argues that the fossil fuel industry poses a direct threat to human health and mental wellbeing, contributing to millions of deaths and widespread climate anxiety. It specifically highlights a conflict of interest where marketing agencies serve both the health sector and fossil fuel companies, facilitating 'greenwashing' that delays climate action. The authors call on health industry leaders to review these agency relationships and cease partnerships with firms that continue to work with fossil fuel clients.

The document examines the escalating sovereign debt crisis in developing countries, noting that debt has reached 55 percent of GDP and that interest payments often exceed spending on health, education, and climate action combined. It attributes these vulnerabilities to structural factors like weak domestic economies and systemic issues such as high risk premiums and the lack of a dedicated sovereign debt agency. To address this, the brief proposes reforms in four areas: short-term debt relief, prevention of debt accumulation, responsible lending, and domestic fiscal consolidation.

In 2024, low-carbon electricity generation exceeded 40% of the global total for the first time in decades, driven by unprecedented solar energy growth. Despite this, extreme heatwaves increased electricity demand for cooling, leading to a slight rise in fossil fuel generation and record-high sector emissions. Solar energy has doubled its generation over the last three years, with China contributing over half of the 2024 increase. The report concludes that while short-term weather fluctuations can cause temporary fossil fuel spikes, the long-term trend is dominated by clean energy growth and electrification.

In 2024, global new coal capacity reached its lowest level in two decades, though China and India continued significant expansions. While the EU27 saw a fourfold increase in retirements and the UK closed its last coal plant, Indonesia experienced a surge in 'captive' coal plants for industrial use, contradicting its stated transition goals.