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This briefing examines how the Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) system hinders climate action and human rights by allowing corporations, particularly in the fossil fuel sector, to sue governments over environmental regulations. It highlights the 'regulatory chill' effect, the inadequacy of current reforms like the Energy Charter Treaty withdrawals, and the significance of 2025 advisory opinions from the ICJ and Inter-American Court of Human Rights which affirm state duties to reduce emissions regardless of prior investment licenses.

The 'Uitfaseerplan fossiele brandstofsubsidies' is a report by the Dutch Ministry of Climate and Green Growth (published via IISD) detailing the Netherlands' strategy to phase out fossil fuel subsidies. The plan emphasizes a 'Whole of Government Approach' and focuses on international and European cooperation to prevent carbon leakage and maintain a level playing field. It outlines specific national measures, including the use of an 'external costs approach' to identify pricing gaps, and provides a detailed inventory of existing subsidies, categorizing them by their phase-out status and legal constraints.

This research paper by RMI proposes the establishment of a government-led Advance Market Commitment (AMC) to scale carbon removal technologies. It argues that current voluntary and compliance markets are insufficient to meet the gigaton-scale requirements needed by midcentury and provides a framework for governments to coordinate demand, harmonize standards, and catalyze private investment to bridge the funding and deployment gap.

A research paper by Zero Carbon Analytics (ZCA) examines the economic and health costs of red and processed meat consumption in high-income countries. The analysis finds that wealthy nations in Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania face a substantial disease burden from meat consumption, with some countries spending heavily to treat preventable conditions rather than investing in primary prevention. The report argues that shifting toward dietary interventions could significantly reduce healthcare spending and improve public health outcomes.

A research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines 10 common claims regarding the controlled burning and rewetting of heather on UK peatlands, concluding that most are unsubstantiated and lack robust data.

This report by Ember examines the critical role of electricity interconnectors in maintaining European energy security, preventing blackouts, and mitigating the impact of geopolitical conflicts and sabotage. It argues that expanding and securing cross-border grid capacity is a vital element of protecting European society against hybrid warfare and technical failures.

The executive summary of the 2025 Stocktake report by the Net Zero Tracker analyzes the prevalence and integrity of net-zero targets across national, subnational, and corporate entities as of September 2025, noting a rise in total targets despite political headwinds and significant gaps in target robustness.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics debunks common myths about renewable energy, demonstrating that solar and wind are now the cheapest and most efficient power sources. It provides evidence that renewables are reliable when integrated with storage, have lower wildlife and environmental impacts than fossil fuels, and occupy minimal land. The document specifically clarifies that a 2025 blackout in the Iberian Peninsula was caused by grid failures rather than renewable energy usage.

The report 'Priority Actions for Deforestation- and Conversion-Free Finance' provides a strategic framework to align private financial flows with the goal of halting and reversing deforestation and ecosystem conversion by 2030. It outlines specific priority actions for three key groups: policymakers, central banks and financial supervisors, and financial institutions, emphasizing the need for coordinated action to manage nature-related risks and catalyze a transition to nature-positive business models.

This guide explains Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) as the primary vehicle for countries to implement the Paris Agreement's goals. It highlights a critical gap between current commitments (leading to 2.6-3.1°C warming) and the 1.5°C target, urging more ambitious 2025 submissions. The document details the need for $4.5 trillion in funding for developing nations and outlines the NCQG's goal to mobilize $300 billion annually by 2035.

This fact sheet by the Institute for Economic Justice examines the systemic failures of the international taxation system, which allow multinational corporations (MNCs) and the super-rich to avoid taxes. It critiques the G20/OECD Two-Pillar Framework for favoring developed nations and discusses the push for a more democratic UN Tax Convention, while evaluating the role of South Africa's G20 presidency in advancing tax justice.

This briefing by Ember provides recommendations for the European Commission's 'European grid package' to accelerate the upgrade, digitalisation, and expansion of European grid infrastructure. Ember argues that electricity grids should be treated as strategic infrastructure essential for economic growth and competitiveness, rather than just technical assets. The document proposes a shift toward independent and integrated planning, the establishment of a financing 'one-stop-shop', and the adoption of a TOTEX-based regulatory approach to incentivise flexibility and grid-enhancing technologies over traditional capital-heavy reinforcements.

This research paper examines how the trade war between the US and China, alongside President Trump's critical mineral diplomacy, creates a strategic window for African nations to transition from raw material exporters to green technology manufacturing hubs. It argues that countries rich in minerals like cobalt and lithium can leverage geopolitical competition to secure technology transfer, domestic value addition, and diversified investment portfolios.

This research paper argues that trade policies are essential for scaling the clean energy transition by expanding access to renewable technologies and energy-efficient goods. It highlights the role of reducing tariffs and non-tariff barriers, the importance of a global value chain approach for complex products like wind turbines and solar panels, and the necessity of liberalizing environmental services to support renewable energy deployment.

This report by Ember identifies Drax power station as the largest single source of carbon dioxide in the UK, noting that its emissions increased by 16% in 2024. The document analyzes the rankings of the UK's largest emitters, the impact of the 2024 coal power phase-out, and the role of public subsidies in sustaining biomass generation.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics argues for the creation of a comprehensive, quantitative global pathway for food systems transformation, similar to the IEA's energy sector roadmap. It highlights that while food systems contribute over 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions, existing frameworks are fragmented, lack legal enforceability, and often omit critical areas such as the reduction of animal-sourced product consumption and biodiversity targets.

This fact sheet outlines the significant health and economic costs associated with livestock production and meat consumption. It links high red and processed meat intake to increased risks of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, noting that such diets caused 0.9 million deaths globally in 2019. The document also highlights systemic risks from industrial farming, including zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and air pollution. Economically, it estimates that red and processed meat consumption resulted in USD 285 billion in global healthcare costs in 2020. Conversely, it argues that transitioning to plant-based diets, such as the EAT-Lancet planetary health diet, could prevent millions of deaths annually and save trillions of dollars in health and ecosystem costs.

This report by Ember analyses the impact of a June–July 2025 heatwave on European power systems, noting that while extreme temperatures drove up electricity demand and prices and caused thermal plant outages, record solar generation and storage helped maintain grid stability.

This document provides the sources and methodology for Ember's Europe Electricity Interconnection Data Tool. It details how the tool maps Bidding Zones to countries, calculates interconnection capacity (NTC), estimates import potential, and analyzes electricity flows and variable renewable energy (RES) penetration for 2024 and projected scenarios for 2030 and 2040.

The 'Sustainable Debt Global State of the Market 2024' report by the Climate Bonds Initiative provides a detailed analysis of aligned green, social, sustainability, and sustainability-linked (GSS+) debt as of the end of Q1 2025. It tracks cumulative volumes, quarterly trends, and the performance of various issuer types and sovereign nations, highlighting a total cumulative aligned volume of USD 5.9 trillion.