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This guide by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the use of 'security for costs' in investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS), where tribunals require investors to deposit funds to cover a state's potential legal costs. The document analyzes the high financial burden on taxpayers, the challenges states face in obtaining such orders due to high judicial thresholds, and the impact of third-party funding. It concludes by recommending stronger, more explicit treaty language to ensure states can recover costs and prevent 'arbitral hit and run' scenarios.

This guide by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the use of 'security for costs' (cautionnement pour frais) in Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS). It analyzes why states seek these deposits to protect taxpayers from high defense costs and speculative claims, the legal obstacles they face due to vague arbitration rules, and the current restrictive jurisprudence of tribunals. The document concludes by recommending that states integrate specific, robust security for costs provisions into their investment treaties to ensure a more equitable balance between investors and states.

The report from the Executive Directorate of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) details activities and strategies to strengthen the science-policy interface. It focuses on providing scientific information to governments for policy-making, enhancing cooperation with multilateral environmental agreements, and increasing the visibility of the IAI among member and non-member states in the Americas.

This research paper argues that while non-state actor initiatives in the refrigeration and air-conditioning (RAC) sector are currently limited, end-users like supermarkets, hotels, and cold stores have significant potential to reduce emissions through energy efficiency and the adoption of low-GWP refrigerants. The author emphasizes that voluntary action must be supported by mandatory government regulation and the formation of alliances to overcome regulatory, financial, and informational barriers.

The Eastern Caribbean Green Economy Barometer 2018 is a policy briefing that assesses the progress of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) in transitioning to an inclusive green economy. It evaluates the region across five themes: measurement and governance, sustainable finance, green and inclusive sectors, social fairness, and economics for nature. The report concludes that the overall transition is 'below average,' characterized by narrow definitions of green economy that often exclude equity and inclusion, a lack of integrated national policies, and a disjointed financial landscape.

The Santa Cruz Declaration on Local Green Enterprises is a 2017 joint statement by the Green Economy Coalition emphasizing the critical role of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in driving the transition to inclusive, green, and resilient economies.

This research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute analyses international public climate finance flows to Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS) between 2010 and 2015. Using OECD Creditor Reporting System (CRS) data, the study examines the volume, sources, sectoral distribution, and delivery mechanisms of funds primarily targeting climate change, highlighting significant gaps between commitments and actual disbursements.

This policy brief argues for urgent climate resilience investment in the Caribbean, specifically within the agriculture and tourism sectors, to protect economic growth and poverty alleviation efforts from increasing climate threats.

This policy brief examines the vulnerabilities of the Caribbean's agriculture and tourism sectors to climate change, drawing on CDKN-funded research. It argues that urgent investment in climate resilience is necessary to prevent the reversal of economic growth and poverty alleviation, proposing specific adaptation measures and the use of decision-support tools to prioritise 'no regret' investments.

This policy brief analyzes climate finance flows to the 10 Member States of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) from 2010 to 2015. It finds that while US$ 101 million was committed, actual disbursement rates were very low, and funding was heavily skewed toward short-term, project-based disaster response rather than long-term resilience.

This research paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and the German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ) analyzes the use of fiscal instruments within Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) submitted to the UNFCCC by November 20, 2015. The review identifies trends in how countries employ fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR), clean energy subsidies, and carbon pricing to support low-carbon development and GHG mitigation.

The Energy Retrofit Guide for Caribbean Hospitals, published by RMI in August 2015, provides a framework for healthcare administrators in the Caribbean to reduce operating costs and improve facility resilience through deep energy retrofits. The guide outlines a three-step process—Find, Finance, and Follow-through—and introduces a complementary online tool to help facilities benchmark performance and identify energy efficiency measures (EEMs).

This briefing, published by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network in 2014, distils the findings of the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Report specifically for Small Island Developing States (SIDS). It outlines the observed and projected impacts of climate change on SIDS, including sea level rise, temperature increases, and the degradation of critical ecosystems like coral reefs. The document discusses the high economic costs of adaptation relative to SIDS' GDP, the risks of 'maladaptation', and the necessity of international cooperation and finance to avert existential threats to atoll nations.

This research paper compares the socio-economic profiles and disaster coping mechanisms of low-income persons in the agriculture and tourism sectors across the Caribbean (Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, and St. Lucia) and the South West Indian Ocean (Mauritius and the Seychelles). The study evaluates the demand for microinsurance as a tool to reduce vulnerability to extreme weather events.

This case study examines Grenada's use of the Strategic Program for Climate Resilience (SPCR) to integrate climate resilience into poverty reduction and sustainable development, highlighting lessons on country-specific responses, comprehensive mainstreaming, and the role of multilateral finance.

This policy brief describes Grenada's 2011 Strategic Program for Climate Resilience (SPCR), a national strategy developed under the Pilot Program for Climate Change Resilience (PPCR) to transition the country toward low-carbon and climate-resilient development. The document outlines the SPCR's focus on physical infrastructure and forestry, its funding through the Climate Investment Funds, and the lessons learned from its participatory design process.

This report synthesizes key findings from the IPCC's Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters (SREX), specifically focusing on the implications for Latin America and the Caribbean. It examines the interaction between climate change, human factors, and the natural environment to assess disaster risk and provides guidance on integrating disaster risk management (DRM) with climate change adaptation and sustainable development.

This report synthesizes findings from the IPCC Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation (SREX), specifically applying them to Latin America and the Caribbean. It examines the interaction between climate extremes, human vulnerability, and exposure, arguing that disaster risk is increasing not only due to climate change but also because of skewed development processes. The document provides observed and projected trends for temperature and precipitation extremes across various sub-regions and offers a framework for integrating disaster risk management (DRM) with climate change adaptation (CCA) to build long-term resilience.

This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the relationship between economic development in low-income countries and global greenhouse gas emissions budgets. It argues that many climate-economics models rely on overly pessimistic growth projections for the poorest nations, which inadvertently weakens the urgency for high-income countries to reduce their own emissions. The author proposes three scenarios—Without Development, Development with Carbon, and Development without Carbon—to demonstrate how rapid economic growth in the developing world, if not coupled with strong decarbonization policies and funding from rich nations, could lead to a failure of global climate targets.

This fact sheet summarizes the 'Reefs at Risk Revisited' report, a global map-based analysis of threats to coral reefs led by the World Resources Institute. It details the prevalence of local and global pressures, the socioeconomic vulnerability of coastal communities, and the effectiveness of current marine protected areas.