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This guide outlines the Deforestation and Conversion-Free (DCF) Sourcing Criteria developed by the Climate Bonds Initiative to certify agri-food entities that source commodities from areas free of deforestation and natural ecosystem conversion. The criteria aim to align global financial markets with the 1.5°C goal of the Paris Agreement by providing a science-based certification process for traders, processors, and manufacturers.

The 'Electrification Data Methodology 2024 Overview' by Ember describes the technical framework used to quantify the impact of electrification in the road transport and residential heating sectors. The methodology focuses on calculating electricity demand, primary fossil fuel displacement, and emissions displaced, utilizing real-world data on vehicle stocks, heat pump deployment, and energy efficiency factors.

This industry brief by GreenCape identifies ten critical pain points facing large-scale, centralised Black Soldier Fly (BSF) agriculture operations in South Africa. It analyzes the failures of previous pioneers to provide guidance for future developers and investors on avoiding common pitfalls related to value propositions, feedstock procurement, energy costs, and regulatory compliance.

The 2024 GreenCape report identifies significant investment opportunities in South Africa's electric vehicle (EV) sector, particularly in the local manufacturing of private passenger vehicles (estimated at R620 billion annually) and the electrification of freight, public transport, and last-mile delivery. While rising fuel prices and global supply chain diversification (the 'China Plus One Strategy') drive adoption, the transition is hindered by high upfront CAPEX, limited charging infrastructure, and energy security concerns related to loadshedding. The South African government is supporting the transition through the Electric Vehicle White Paper and a 150% investment allowance for qualifying EV and hydrogen-powered vehicle spending starting in 2026.

This report, produced by the Stockholm Environment Institute in partnership with the European Climate Foundation, examines how climate-related risks and impacts affect physical infrastructure essential for global trade, specifically focusing on marine, land-based, and air transport over the next 25 to 30 years and beyond.

This report by Ember analyzes the technical potential for rooftop solar expansion in Türkiye, estimating that the country could install at least 120 GW of capacity, which would meet 45% of its 2022 electricity consumption. The study identifies significant opportunities in residential and industrial sectors to reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and lower the fiscal burden of electricity subsidies.

This report by RMI analyzes the strategic importance of green hydrogen imports for the European Union to meet its 2030 decarbonization and energy security targets. It argues that domestic production alone will be insufficient to meet demand, particularly in Northwest Europe, and that the EU must urgently address policy gaps in funding, certification, and port infrastructure to facilitate trade with global suppliers like the United States and Australia.

This report by the Africa Policy Research Institute examines the intersection of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and climate sustainability. It argues that while industrialization is a socio-political imperative for Africa, the continent must adopt sustainable production and trade practices to maintain global market access and competitiveness. The document highlights significant financial gaps in trade and energy transition and proposes innovative financing mechanisms and policy frameworks to align Africa's economic growth with its climate goals ahead of COP28.

This report by Ember analyzes the underreporting of coal mine methane (CMM) emissions, finding that global emissions may be up to twice as high as government figures reported to the UNFCCC. It highlights systemic failures in monitoring, noting that 97% of reported emissions rely on general emission factors rather than direct measurement, and recommends mandatory direct monitoring, satellite verification, and international support for low-income countries to mitigate this potent greenhouse gas.

The African Climate Foundation (ACF) issued a statement outlining its priorities for COP28, calling for equitable progress on the Global Stocktake, adaptation, finance, and loss and damage to ensure that climate actions do not exacerbate Africa's vulnerability or hinder its sustainable development.

This research paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes the role of the UNFCCC in addressing fossil fuel subsidies, specifically focusing on opportunities at COP 28 and beyond. It highlights the gap between government rhetoric and the record USD 1.3 trillion in subsidies provided in 2022, arguing that the UNFCCC can strengthen global commitments through clear deadlines, improved transparency in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), and integration into climate finance discussions.

This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute argues that the European Union is unprepared for cascading climate risks—where hazards in remote locations create knock-on effects across borders and systems—and provides 21 strategic recommendations to build systemic resilience.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics argues for a rigorous, science-based definition of 'unabated fossil fuels' to prevent the use of weak policies and inadequate technologies from undermining the Paris Agreement goal of limiting warming to 1.5°C. It highlights that while the term has become central to G7, G20, and UN climate negotiations, the lack of a consensus definition allows for interpretations that may include low carbon capture rates or ignore upstream emissions.

This report by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the distinctions, controversies, and global implementation of biodiversity offsetting and biodiversity credits (biocredits). It contrasts offsetting—a mandatory mitigation tool for development impacts—with biocredits, which are voluntary investments in conservation. The document highlights ecological and ethical concerns regarding the 'no net loss' principle and the potential for greenwashing, while detailing the efforts of the UK, France, Australia, and the EU to establish nature markets.

This document describes the data collection methodology and definitions used by Ember to track national ambitions for renewable energy deployment in the power sector across 57 countries and the European Union, focusing on targets for 2030.

The 2023 update report by the NewClimate Institute analyzes projected greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions up to 2030 for 25 countries, comparing current policy outcomes against Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). While aggregated emissions projections remain stable, the report identifies significant shifts in individual countries and a persistent gap between current policies and the 43% reduction required for Paris Agreement alignment.

The Stockholm Environment Institute argues that the proposed EU Critical Raw Materials Act risks exacerbating human rights breaches and 'green colonialism' against the Indigenous Sámi people in Northern Europe. While welcoming the inclusion of Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) for 'strategic' projects, the authors identify critical weaknesses in the act's reliance on Member State bureaucracies, certification schemes, and the lack of resources for Indigenous participation. They propose three amendments: an EU-level oversight mechanism for grievances, mandatory FPIC standards for certification schemes, and a funding mechanism to support affected rights-holders during fast-tracked licensing processes.

This background note provides energy production and demand forecasts for Africa and the global community up to 2043, based on the International Futures (IFs) forecasting platform. It details the transition of energy sources, the growth of African energy demand driven by population increases, and the status of fossil fuel reserves and renewable energy projects across the continent.

This briefing note by the Institute for Security Studies examines the outlook for natural gas in Africa up to 2043, highlighting the tension between significant proven reserves and a global market facing slowing demand and potential supply gluts.

This background note from the Institute for Security Studies projects that Africa, following its current development trajectory, will eventually become the primary global source of carbon emissions from fossil fuels, surpassing the emissions of the EU, USA, India, and China by 2061.