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This briefing by the Institute for Security Studies examines the efficacy of targeted sanctions imposed on Zimbabwe's ruling elite. It details the various restrictive measures implemented by Western governments and international bodies, argues that these 'smart sanctions' have been largely ineffective due to implementation loopholes and regional support for the Mugabe regime, and suggests a conditional, middle-ground approach to lifting some restrictions to encourage political progress under the Inclusive Government.

The seventeenth meeting of the IAI Conference of the Parties (CoP), held on 9-10 June 2010 in Brasilia, Brazil, resulted in the adoption of five resolutions concerning budget, programming, and leadership appointments.

The document contains the minutes of the 16th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP-XVI) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held in Bogotá, Colombia, on May 19-20, 2009. The meeting focused on administrative updates, the approval of the 2009-2010 operating budget and annual plan, and extensive revisions to the standing rules of both the Executive Council (EC) and the Conference of the Parties. It also included reports on national climate policies from member states and a decision to decline a request from the United Kingdom to evaluate the South American Climate Change Network.

This quarterly financial report from the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), dated May 12, 2010, details the institute's operational budget status, member country contributions, and administrative challenges for the 2009/2010 fiscal year.

The Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) presents its core budget request for the 2010-2011 fiscal year, totaling US$1,279,000. The budget supports the Directorate's operations, including the management of scientific programs like CRN II and SGP-HD, capacity building through training institutes, and administrative functions. The request reflects a roughly 10% increase over the previous year, primarily driven by rising salary and benefit costs, while facing challenges from depleted reserves due to shortfalls in member country contributions.

The Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) submitted an operating budget request for the 2010/2011 fiscal year, proposing a total of US$1,279,000. This represents an approximate 10% increase over the previous year to maintain operations and services despite a depletion of reserves caused by a lack of member country contributions during 2009 and 2010.

The Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) Quarterly Status Report, dated May 11, 2010, details the institute's financial standing for the 2009/2010 fiscal year, highlighting significant challenges in collecting member country contributions and a critical lack of core budget reserves.

This briefing summarizes a high-level expert dialogue held on May 11, 2010, at the Canadian Embassy in Washington, D.C., focused on clean energy and climate action collaboration between Canada and the United States. The discussion highlighted the interdependence of the two nations' energy policies, the critical role of subnational initiatives, and the challenges facing federal legislation in the U.S.

The document contains the minutes and action list from the Twenty-Eight Meeting of the IAI Executive Council (EC), held on May 21, 2009, in Bogotá, Colombia. The meeting focused on strategies to improve member country engagement, the review of the Host Country Agreement with Brazil, and the synthesis of science from the Climate Research Network (CRN) programs.

The minutes of the 28th Executive Council (EC) meeting of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held on May 21, 2009, in Bogotá, Colombia, detail strategies to improve member country engagement, the revision of the Host Country Agreement with Brazil, and the synthesis of scientific research from the CRN program.

The minutes of the 27th Meeting of the Executive Council (EC) of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), held on May 18, 2009, in Bogotá, Colombia, detail administrative, financial, and strategic decisions intended for submission to the Conference of the Parties (CoP). Key outcomes include the approval of the 2009-2010 operating budget, recommendations for the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC), and proposed amendments to the EC and CoP regulations to optimize meeting schedules and costs.

This fact sheet describes project CRN2014, which investigates how land use and cover change (LUCC) and climate affect soil microorganisms, specifically arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), across temperate and tropical ecosystems in the Americas.

The project examines hydrological cycles in the American cordillera, specifically in North America and basins in Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. Initial results include a 700-year tree-ring reconstruction showing severe 14th-century droughts in the high Andes that led to social conflict and village abandonment. In Chile, a slight decline in streamflow over the last century is noted, with significant rainfall drops in 1945 linked to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Additionally, drought risk in the southern Andes was higher between 1920 and 2002 than between 1346 and 1919, threatening agriculture and hydroelectric power.

This fact sheet describes a study analyzing transition zones (ecotones) between forest and non-forest sites across one Canadian and four South American locations to understand how climate change and human intervention drive ecosystem displacements.

This research paper by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines the impact of agricultural trade policies and the Doha Round of WTO negotiations on the food security of net food-importing developing countries (NFIDCs). It analyzes how trade-distorting subsidies, export restrictions, and tariff reforms affect the affordability and accessibility of food in low-income societies.

This report, an excerpt from a paper presented at the Banff Dialogue in April 2010, reviews 57 reports from Canadian think tanks to identify common recommendations and research gaps regarding a national clean energy strategy. It highlights a fundamental tension between a 'climate view'—which prioritizes top-down carbon pricing to drive energy choices—and an 'energy view'—which emphasizes market-driven supply and investment certainty.

This report, an excerpt from a paper presented at the Banff Dialogue in April 2010, argues for the creation of a coherent national energy strategy for Canada to better manage its diverse energy resources and navigate its heavy trade dependence on the United States while transitioning toward low-carbon energy.

The paper assesses Personal Carbon Trading (PCT) as a tool to reduce household GHG emissions in Sweden. It concludes that a UK-style PCT scheme would be inefficient in Sweden due to high administrative costs and the existing effectiveness of policies in the housing sector (e.g., district heating). While PCT could potentially address rising transport emissions, it would face equity issues between urban and rural populations. The authors note that emissions from imported food and consumables remain a significant gap in Swedish policy, but targeting these via PCT is currently technically unfeasible.

This research paper, prepared by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) for the 2010 World Resources Report, argues that existing government practices can be harnessed to manage the risks and uncertainties of climate change. The authors propose a framework of seven adaptive policy-making practices divided into 'planned adaptability' and 'autonomous adaptability' to help policy-makers navigate complex, unpredictable socio-economic and ecological systems.

This research paper by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) examines how development agencies can support national-level decision-making to foster low-emission, climate-resilient development. It identifies critical barriers to adaptation—including political leadership, technical knowledge, financial management, and accountability—and details UNDP's strategic approach to integrating climate change into broader national development and poverty reduction goals.