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This briefing by the Center for International Environmental Law argues that WTO services trade negotiations must be integrated with existing multilateral environmental agreements and UN agency efforts to ensure that liberalization does not undermine sustainable development, human rights, or environmental protections.

This 1991 draft working paper by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) examines how the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) can operationalize its commitment to "environmentally sound and sustainable development." The authors argue that sustainable development requires a shift from short-term economic growth to a broader concept of development that values natural wealth, ensures intergenerational equity, and utilizes comprehensive environmental accounting and project appraisal mechanisms.

This research paper examines the intersection of international intellectual property (IP) rights, global trade, economic development, and environmental protection. It analyzes how IP regimes—specifically patents, copyrights, and trademarks—impact the transfer of environmentally sound technologies and the conservation of biological diversity, focusing on the tensions between industrialized nations (led by the US) and developing countries within frameworks like GATT, NAFTA, and the UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED).

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law analyzes the conflict between international trade policy and environmental protection, arguing that the World Trade Organization (WTO) typically prioritizes trade over the environment. The authors critique the U.S. government for abdicating its leadership in this area and propose a new foreign policy agenda that integrates environmental protection and worker rights into trade agreements, specifically regarding NAFTA and the proposed Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA).

This research paper by the Center for International Environmental Law examines mechanisms for public participation and transparency in international fisheries management, specifically focusing on Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs). Using the 'three pillars' of the Rio Declaration and Agenda 21—access to information, access to decision-making, and access to justice—the author analyzes how modern multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) can serve as models for RFMOs to enhance legitimacy, improve decision-making, and ensure accountability.

The Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) provides observations on the first draft of the World Intellectual Property Organization's (WIPO) response to a request from the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). CIEL argues that WIPO must recognize the CBD's leading role in biodiversity issues and ensure that international intellectual property rules are modified to prevent the misappropriation of genetic resources and traditional knowledge through mandatory disclosure requirements.

This report by Friends of the Earth International argues for the reintegration of agricultural biodiversity into the center of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), contrasting the biodiversity-rich practices of peasant food networks with the limited scope of the agro-industrial chain.

SENE BUAË is a magazine documenting the third session of the 'Escuela de la Sustentabilidad' (School of Sustainability), organized by COECOCeiba and Amigos de la Tierra América Latina y el Caribe (ATALC) in July 2009. The publication compiles reflections from participants on political formation, the 'Buen Vivir' philosophy, and the struggle against neoliberal agro-industrial models, specifically focusing on the community of Juanilama in Costa Rica.

This fact sheet by Friends of the Earth International critiques the environmental policies and practices of the European Investment Bank (EIB), arguing that there is a significant gap between the Bank's official rhetoric on sustainable development and its actual investment activities.

This fact sheet by Friends of the Earth International describes the European Investment Bank (EIB) as a powerful yet 'invisible' public financial institution owned by EU member states. It argues that the EIB operates with significant legal obscurity and lacks the transparency, environmental standards, and public accountability found in similar institutions like the World Bank. The document details specific criticisms from NGOs regarding the EIB's lack of environmental expertise, its failure to support the Kyoto Protocol, and its resistance to public information requests.

This report by Friends of the Earth International critiques the concept of the 'green economy' promoted during the Rio+20 conference, arguing that it serves as a mechanism for the 'financialization of nature.' The document asserts that treating ecosystems as financial assets allows multinational corporations and investment funds to capture natural resources, exacerbates social inequalities, and fails to effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The Economics for Nature (E4N) report details a six-year global partnership (2016-2022) led by the Green Economy Coalition, the Green Growth Knowledge Partnership, the Capitals Coalition, and WWF France. The programme aimed to shift economic systems toward 'nature positive' models by making the value of natural capital visible in business, finance, and government decision-making. The report outlines key tools developed, lessons learned regarding the challenges of mainstreaming natural capital, and four 'frontiers' for future systemic economic reform to protect biodiversity and human wellbeing.

This fact sheet describes a study titled "Recuperação Verde na Amazônia: o capital natural no centro das decisões políticas e econômicas no contexto da COVID-19," which evaluates the impact of economic stimulus measures on natural capital in the Brazilian Legal Amazon during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study, part of a global initiative including France, India, and Uganda, finds that the vast majority of pandemic-related economic measures in Brazil failed to prioritize natural capital, with 87.2% of analyzed measures having a high negative impact.

This report by the Green Economy Coalition and the Advocates Coalition for Development and Environment (ACODE) analyzes the extent to which Uganda's COVID-19 recovery packages—specifically the national budgets for FY 2020/21 and 2021/22—integrate sustainable natural capital management. The study finds a decline in natural capital responsiveness between the two budget years and recommends that all recovery measures undergo natural capital implication assessments to ensure a holistic recovery.

This statement from the Green Economy Coalition and partners argues that green policies must be intentionally designed for fairness to avoid excluding poor communities. It highlights the disproportionate environmental impact of the wealthy and provides examples from Brazil and Tanzania where inclusive green strategies have succeeded, calling for global collaboration to ensure economic development is both green and fair.

This briefing by the Global Research and Action Network for a New Eco-Social Contract (GRAN-ESC) proposes the adoption of 'eco-social contracts' to implement the UN's Pact for the Future. It argues that achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development requires renegotiating social contracts to integrate human rights with a 'contract for nature,' moving away from top-down approaches toward inclusive, bottom-up democratic processes.

This policy brief by the Green Economy Coalition argues that small and medium enterprises (SMEs), including informal businesses, are essential for a fair and inclusive green economic transition. It highlights the significant economic contribution of SMEs in emerging economies and outlines eleven specific areas where policy support is lacking, ranging from financing gaps and legal recognition to the need for better visibility in national policy development.

This report by the Green Economy Coalition reviews the first ten years of the SEED Awards (2005-2015), an initiative founded by UNEP, UNDP, and IUCN to support social and environmental enterprises. It analyzes the survival and impact of 202 SEED Winners across 37 countries, highlighting the role of multi-stakeholder partnerships and tailored support in fostering green and inclusive growth at the grassroots level.

This industry brief by GreenCape examines the service delivery crisis in South Africa's low-income communities and proposes Alternative Service Delivery (ASD) as a sustainable, community-led paradigm shift to bridge gaps in water, sanitation, energy, and waste management.

This case study describes a community-led sustainable development initiative in Nomzamo Agricultural Village, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Led by residents and supported by GreenCape's Alternative Service Delivery Unit (ASDU) and various international partners, the project implemented decentralized energy, sanitation, and agricultural solutions to drive economic growth and social well-being in an area adjacent to an abandoned coal mine.