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Kenya is highly vulnerable to climate change, with adverse events causing annual socioeconomic losses of 3–5 percent of GDP between 2010 and 2020. While some crop yields may increase due to CO2 fertilization and higher elevations, the livestock sector faces significant risks from heat stress and drought, particularly in arid and semi-arid lands. The report highlights critical vulnerabilities in hydropower, tourism, and coastal infrastructure, while noting that the government is a regional leader in policy but struggles with financing and subnational coordination. Recommendations focus on granular climate scenario analysis, diversifying agriculture, improving agricultural insurance, and mobilizing large-scale funding through ARIPs.

The report provides a toolkit for investors to assess the climate credentials of Brazilian agri-food companies using the 'Five Principles for Transition' and 'Five Hallmarks for a Credible Transitioning Company'. It highlights the critical role of the agricultural sector in Brazil's emissions profile, where land-use change and agriculture account for nearly 75% of gross emissions. Through case studies of Syngenta and Amaggi, the document illustrates the application of these screening tools, noting that while major companies are developing transition plans, gaps remain in financial strategies and the alignment of actual emissions trends with 1.5°C goals. Additionally, it outlines the landscape of sustainable finance instruments in Brazil, such as LCAs and CRAs, and discusses regulatory pressures like the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR).

The document details a pilot project in the Central Plateau region of Burkina Faso to transition from a sectoral to a regional approach for climate adaptation. Using a methodology based on the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, the project conducted a risk and vulnerability assessment (RVA) that identified agriculture, water resources, livestock, environment, and health as the most vulnerable sectors. The resulting Regional Adaptation Plan (RAP) for 20242028 includes 44 priority actions. The pilot emphasizes the necessity of involving regional stakeholders, including women and the elderly, and notes that the process requires significant financial and human resources, taking approximately one year to complete.

The document details a pilot project in Burkina Faso's Plateau-Central region that uses a standardized Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (RVA) to create a Regional Adaptation Plan (RAP). This regional approach aims to refine national adaptation strategies by addressing local specificities, specifically targeting vulnerable groups and key sectors like agriculture and health.

The report highlights that AFOLU emissions account for 46% of total emissions in Latin America, primarily due to livestock and commodity agriculture. It argues that while significant investment enters the region, very little is directed toward sustainable alternatives. The document advocates for redirecting foreign capital and public support toward innovative solutions such as alternative proteins and biochar to meet climate and development goals.

The report analyzes the alignment between the Colombian and EU taxonomies, finding a high degree of similarity in climate change mitigation criteria for 47% of compared activities. While both frameworks share core principles and governance structures, the EU Taxonomy is generally more detailed in its technical eligibility criteria and adaptation objectives, whereas the Colombian Taxonomy offers more specific requirements for land-use sectors and certain circular economy safeguards.

The briefing finds that Nestlé's net-zero plan fails to meet any of the nine relevant recommendations from the UN Integrity Matters report, primarily due to a lack of specific methane targets and an over-reliance on regenerative agriculture. While Nestlé targets a 42% reduction in dairy and livestock emissions against a business-as-usual scenario, this represents only a 14% reduction from its 2018 baseline. The analysis estimates that Nestlé's methane emissions from cattle are roughly 8.7 million tonnes of CO2e, and notes that between 2018 and 2022, targeted GHG emissions dropped by only 1%.

The document analyzes Brazil's public policies for reducing methane emissions in agriculture, noting that while frameworks like the Ecological Transformation Plan and the Brazilian Sustainable Taxonomy exist, there is a lack of specific, targeted incentives for methane abatement in the livestock sector, which is the primary source of these emissions.

Ecuador developed a National Adaptation Plan (NAP) for 2023–2027 through a four-year collaborative process led by the Ministry of Environment, Water, and Ecological Transition. Supported by the UNDP and Green Climate Fund, the process engaged over 2,000 stakeholders to integrate climate adaptation into national and local territorial planning, focusing on climate justice and ecosystem protection.

Ghana's National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process, coordinated by the Environmental Protection Agency and guided by the 2018 NAP Framework, aims to reduce climate vulnerability and integrate adaptation into national policies. The process employs a hybrid approach to foster cross-sectoral collaboration across national and sub-national levels, targeting priority sectors such as agriculture, health, and energy to address impacts like flooding, droughts, and sea level rise. Key milestones between 2018 and 2023 include the submission of the Adaptation Communication to the UNFCCC, the launch of a GCF NAP Readiness project, and the completion of gender integration and policy coherence reports.

The report finds that global methane abatement finance reached USD 13.7 billion in 2021/22, yet remains far below the estimated annual need of USD 48 billion by 2030. While the AFOLU sector saw a 77% increase in funding, the fossil fuel sector—which has the highest mitigation potential—received less than 1% of tracked finance. Private sources provided 70% of total funding, primarily through debt and equity, while public finance declined by 10%. Geographically, East Asia and the Pacific, the U.S. and Canada, and Western Europe are the top recipients, leaving a significant support gap in Latin America and South Asia.

The Changing Markets Foundation and partner organisations call on Arla Foods to address its methane emissions, estimating the company's methane output at 0.3 million tonnes. The letter highlights a systemic lack of transparency in the meat and dairy sector, noting that 15 major companies produce methane emissions equivalent to over 80% of the European Union's total methane footprint. The authors recommend that Arla set absolute emissions reduction targets aligned with a 1.5°C limit, report methane emissions separately from overall GHG emissions, reduce animal numbers in supply chains, and align lobbying efforts with global climate goals.

Changing Markets Foundation and partner organisations write to Danish Crown to highlight the company's estimated methane emissions and advocate for the adoption of absolute emission reduction targets, separate methane reporting, and a reduction in livestock numbers to align with the 1.5°C global warming limit.

The Changing Markets Foundation and partner organizations inform the Dairy Farmers of America (DFA) that their estimated methane emissions are 0.9 million tonnes, contributing to a broader trend where major meat and dairy companies fail to disclose supply chain methane emissions. The letter demands that DFA set absolute emissions reduction targets aligned with a 1.5°C limit, establish separate methane targets, reduce animal numbers in supply chains, and align with UN standards for corporate net-zero pledges.

Changing Markets Foundation and partner organizations call on DMK to adopt absolute emissions reduction targets, specifically for methane, and to disclose supply chain emissions. The letter highlights that DMK's estimated methane emissions are 0.1 million tonnes and notes a general lack of transparency among the 15 largest meat and dairy companies, whose combined methane emissions represent over 80% of the European Union's methane footprint.

The Changing Markets Foundation and partner organisations inform FrieslandCampina that its estimated methane emissions are 0.3 million tonnes, contributing to a broader trend where major meat and dairy companies fail to disclose supply chain methane. The letter demands that the company set absolute emissions reduction targets aligned with a 1.5°C limit, report methane separately from other greenhouse gases, and reduce the number of animals in its supply chains.

The Changing Markets Foundation and partner organisations call on JBS Foods to adopt absolute emissions reduction targets and separate methane targets, noting that JBS's estimated methane emissions are 4.8 million tonnes.

The document is a formal letter to the CEO of Lactalis Group calling for urgent action to reduce methane emissions. It cites research showing that 15 major meat and dairy companies emit roughly 12.8 million tonnes of methane, representing over 80% of the European Union's methane footprint. The authors highlight that Lactalis' methane emissions are estimated at 0.5 million tonnes and criticize the company for not reporting methane emissions separately. The letter recommends that the company set absolute emissions reduction targets aligned with a 1.5°C limit, disclose Scope 3 emissions, reduce animal numbers in supply chains, and align lobbying efforts with global climate goals.

The Changing Markets Foundation and partner organisations write to Marfrig CEO Rui Mendonça Junior to demand urgent action on methane emissions. Citing their 'Emissions Impossible: Methane Edition' report, they estimate Marfrig's methane emissions at 1.9 million tonnes and highlight a general lack of transparency across the meat and dairy industry regarding supply chain methane. The letter recommends that Marfrig set absolute emissions reduction targets aligned with a 1.5°C limit, establish separate methane targets, reduce animal numbers in supply chains, and support sustainable diet policies.

The Changing Markets Foundation and partner organisations call on Nestlé to address its methane emissions, noting that the company does not separately report methane from its supply chains. The letter references a report finding that 15 major meat and dairy companies emit roughly 12.8 million tonnes of methane, and recommends that Nestlé set absolute emissions reduction targets aligned with a 1.5°C limit, reduce animal numbers in its supply chains, and implement a just transition plan for farmers and workers.