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The document analyzes the legal and social conflicts surrounding the Rempang Eco-City project in Batam, arguing that the Indonesian government has prioritized foreign investment and capital growth over the rights of indigenous communities. It details a complex history of land management through the BP Batam authority, the classification of ancestral lands as state forests or hunting parks to facilitate land seizure, and alleged irregularities in the project's planning and ownership, noting that the 'eco-city' designation does not appear in regional or national spatial plans.

The document assesses the socio-environmental crises in the Amazon basin across Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador, highlighting how extractive industries, deforestation, and poor governance impact indigenous and marginalized communities. It argues that these communities are often excluded from environmental policy-making due to a lack of local media, linguistic barriers, and safety risks for journalists. The report identifies community radio as the most effective tool for amplifying local voices, preserving traditional ecological knowledge, and promoting climate justice, while noting significant challenges such as financial instability, political interference, and the need for native-language broadcasting.

The report critiques the industrial agribusiness model, describing it as a network of transnational corporations and financial institutions that prioritise profit maximisation through large-scale monocultures and high-input systems. It argues that these entities promote 'false solutions'—including voluntary certifications, sustainable intensification, and regenerative agriculture—to greenwash their image, capture policy-making processes, and commodify nature through carbon markets. The document highlights the negative impacts of this model, such as deforestation in Indonesia and Brazil, human rights violations, and the displacement of small-scale farmers in Argentina, while contrasting these with 'real peoples' solutions' based on food sovereignty and agroecology.

The Biocultural Community Protocol (PCB) for Niafrang, Senegal, serves as a guide for the sustainable use of natural resources and the protection of traditional knowledge. It details the village's diverse ecosystems—including a critical mineralized dune—and outlines traditional governance structures based on consensus. The document specifically highlights the threat posed by zircon mining projects, which the community opposes due to potential ecological damage to rice fields and water security. It also catalogs local biodiversity and medicinal plants, establishing a framework for 'prior informed consent' for any external access to genetic resources.

The Biocultural Community Protocol for Niafrang serves as a guide for the sustainable use of natural resources and the protection of traditional knowledge. It details the village's ecosystem, including its critical dune system, and outlines the socio-economic reliance on palm oil, rice, and forest products. The document highlights severe threats from a proposed zircon mining project, which the community argues would destroy a vital hydraulic barrier and disrupt local agriculture. It establishes a framework for access and benefit-sharing of genetic resources and reaffirms the community's commitment to protecting its environment and customary laws.

The report examines the implementation of the Public Forest Management Law (LGFP) in the Amazon, highlighting that federal and state concessions have fallen short of 2006 targets. Focusing on Pará, the study identifies governance failures—including frequent annulment of bidding processes, non-concession of areas, and contract terminations—driven by poor technical capacity and restrictive legal limits on the size and number of areas a single company can manage. It recommends enhancing staff training and removing legal restrictions on concession scale to attract more qualified operators.

The document examines the implementation of the Public Forest Management Law (LGFP) in the Amazon, noting that federal and state concessions have fallen short of targets. Focusing on Pará, the study identifies governance failures—including annulled bids, non-conceded areas, and terminated contracts—driven by administrative errors and restrictive legal limits on concession size and quantity. It recommends enhancing the training of public officials and removing legal caps on the area a single company can manage to attract more qualified operators.

The document argues that the industrial agro-food model is a patriarchal capitalist system that causes systemic socio-environmental crises, disproportionately affecting women through land dispossession, health risks from toxic chemicals, and increased violence. It details how monocultures—such as palm oil, soy, and pineapple—lead to deforestation, water pollution, and the loss of food sovereignty. The report emphasizes that women are central to biodiversity conservation and calls for a transition toward a feminist economy and community-led land management to replace corporate-driven agro-extractivism.

The report argues that nature-based solutions (NBS) and carbon offset schemes often serve as 'escapes' for major polluters to continue emitting greenhouse gases while facilitating land grabbing and violating human rights. It provides numerous case studies across Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, highlighting systemic issues such as inflated carbon baselines, lack of free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC), and the failure of projects to deliver promised carbon reductions or community benefits. Specific examples include REDD+ projects in Gabon and Zimbabwe, soil carbon initiatives in Kenya and the US, and cookstove offsets in India.

The document is a resource list compiled by Friends of the Earth International, cataloguing various publications that challenge the legitimacy of 'false climate solutions'. It highlights materials focusing on the risks of net-zero targets, nature-based solutions, carbon markets, and geoengineering, often linking these mechanisms to land grabbing and corporate greenwashing.

The Fokonolona community of Sakatia island in Madagascar is opposing a project by GREEN MADA LAND to build a hotel complex on a 17-hectare plot of land. The community argues that the project, described as a 'presidential project', violates their human rights, threatens biodiversity—specifically turtle nesting areas—and endangers their rice fields and livelihoods. They demand the cancellation of the long-term lease, transparency from authorities, and the recognition of their land ownership and right to free prior informed consent.

The Fokonolona community of Sakatia Island in Madagascar is opposing a project by GREEN MADA LAND to build a hotel complex on 17 hectares of land. The community argues that the project, described as a 'presidential project', threatens their livelihoods, human rights, and local biodiversity, including turtle nesting sites and rice fields. They demand the cancellation of the lease, transparency from authorities, and the recognition of their community land rights.

The report analyzes how the Brazilian Judiciary can combat land grabbing in the Amazon through two primary functions: the administrative control of land registries and the judicial resolution of possessory actions. Using Pará as a case study, it highlights the effectiveness of administrative cancellations of fraudulent titles but notes a lack of transparency in data and a failure to coordinate with the Executive branch for land restitution. The document also critiques the prevalence of a 'civilist' view of possession in courts, which often ignores the specificities of agrarian and ethnic possession, potentially legitimizing illegal occupations. It concludes by examining strategic litigation, including climate damage claims and the protection of conservation units, as tools to deter land grabbing.

The Asia Pacific Regional Biomass Working Group urges the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to cease support for wood bioenergy and the 'repurposing' of coal plants, arguing that biomass co-firing extends the life of coal infrastructure and causes severe ecological and social harm. The group highlights that in Indonesia, PT PLN's co-firing strategy could require 2.33 million hectares of energy plantations, potentially leading to 2.1 million hectares of deforestation annually. The letter demands that ADB recognize bioenergy as contradictory to coal phase-out goals, divest from wood biomass projects, and identify the sector as high-risk.

A civil society coalition denounces the use of tear gas by Indonesian police against residents and students in Rempang during the implementation of the Rempang Eco-City project. The statement highlights a pattern of police violence and alleges financial irregularities in the procurement of tear gas munitions, which cost Rp 2.01 trillion between 2013 and 2022. The coalition demands that President Joko Widodo order the National Police Chief to stop violent crowd control and halt further tear gas purchases pending a governance evaluation.

The report documents violence by joint security forces (Polri, TNI, Satpol PP, and BP Batam) against residents of Pulau Rempang during land marking activities for the Rempang Eco-city project. It identifies excessive use of force, including tear gas fired near schools, arbitrary arrests, and the creation of a climate of fear through military-style checkpoints. The authors argue that the project, designated as a National Strategic Project (PSN), prioritizes capital interests over the rights of indigenous Malay communities, leading to systemic human rights violations.

The document analyzes corruption in renewable resource management through case studies in Madagascar, Peru, and Vietnam, arguing that technical solutions often fail because they ignore the political ecology and power dynamics of resource control. It recommends strengthening risk analysis, improving donor coordination, supporting human rights defenders, and enhancing transnational law enforcement data.

ClientEarth has filed a legal complaint with the US National Contact Point alleging that Cargill's due diligence processes in Brazil are insufficient to prevent deforestation and human rights abuses. The complaint highlights failures in monitoring soy sourced from the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest, as well as issues with indirect land use change and the displacement of Indigenous Peoples. While Cargill has committed to being deforestation-free in the Amazon and Cerrado by 2025, ClientEarth argues these policies lack necessary commitments to be 'conversion free' and fail to address the systemic risks associated with its vast operations in Brazil.

The report argues that nature-based solutions (NbS) and carbon offsetting schemes often serve as a facade for corporate polluters to continue emitting while facilitating land grabbing and violating human rights. It provides numerous case studies across Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, highlighting systemic issues such as inflated carbon baselines, lack of free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC), and the failure of projects to deliver promised climate or social benefits. The document specifically critiques REDD+ projects, industrial tree plantations, and soil carbon programs for their lack of 'additionality' and their role in undermining food sovereignty and indigenous land rights.

The document argues that carbon markets and offsets are 'false climate solutions' that fail to reduce emissions, allow major polluters to continue emitting, and facilitate land grabs and human rights violations, particularly in the Global South. It details the mechanisms of the UNFCCC's Article 6, various voluntary and regional trading schemes, and provides a strategic framework for civil society to oppose these markets through policy advocacy, legal tactics, and community solidarity.