Témoigner des impacts sur les personnes et la planète

The report argues that nature-based solutions (NBS) and carbon offset schemes often serve as 'escapes' for major polluters to continue emitting greenhouse gases while facilitating land grabbing and violating human rights. It provides numerous case studies across Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, highlighting systemic issues such as inflated carbon baselines, lack of free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC), and the failure of projects to deliver promised carbon reductions or community benefits. Specific examples include REDD+ projects in Gabon and Zimbabwe, soil carbon initiatives in Kenya and the US, and cookstove offsets in India.

• Nature-based solutions (NBS) are characterized as a means for large polluters to maintain profits and emissions while seizing vast land areas, often disregarding indigenous and human rights.
• In Liberia, a proposed agreement with the UAE firm Blue Carbon would grant exclusive rights to over one million hectares of forest for 30 years, potentially violating the 2019 land rights law and the principle of free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC).
• The Kariba forest REDD+ project in Zimbabwe, managed by South Pole, significantly inflated its carbon savings; approximately 27 million tonnes of CO2 were sold as credits despite not existing.
• Gabon's forest reference emission level (FREL) submitted to the UNFCCC used methodological anomalies to turn a net emission balance of -16.5 million tonnes into a positive absorption balance of 90.6 million tonnes.
• In the Republic of the Congo, a project involving Total to plant 40,000 hectares of acacias resulted in the expulsion of small farmers from their lands with minimal financial compensation.
• The 'Northern Kenya Grassland Carbon Project' (NKCP) replaces traditional indigenous grazing with 'planned rotational grazing,' which the report claims lacks evidence of effectiveness and has led to the exclusion of indigenous peoples from their lands.
• In Australia, the 'human induced regeneration' (HIR) method for carbon credits has led to widespread overestimation, with credits sometimes granted for vegetation that was never threatened with cutting.
• In Scotland, carbon offset projects for forest and peatland restoration have contributed to a 61% increase in land value in 2021, exacerbating rural inequality and limiting community access to land.
• The ART-TREES project in Guyana is accused of using accounting manipulations to create over 80% of its credits, despite data from Global Forest Watch showing an increase in deforestation during the accounting period.
• In the US, the California forest carbon offset program has been found to over-credit projects, with an estimated 30 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (worth $410 million) attributed without actual additionality.
• Agricultural carbon programs by companies like Bayer, Cargill, and Corteva are criticized for locking farmers into restrictive practices and increasing the use of chemicals like glyphosate, which harms soil biodiversity.
• Improved cookstove offset projects, such as those by the company Enking, are accused of using inflated baselines and unrealistic usage rates to generate credits that are up to eight times higher than they should be.

APA

Masson, L., Rojas, I., Chandrasekaran, K., Race, M., Marien, N., Shaw, S., & Booth, T. (2023). Témoigner des impacts sur les personnes et la planète. Friends of the Earth International. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Recueil-de-donnees-fausses-solutions-climatiques_FR_nov-2023.pdf

Chicago

Masson, Lise, Isaac Rojas, Kirtana Chandrasekaran, Madeleine Race, Nele Marien, Sara Shaw, and Tyler Booth. Témoigner des impacts sur les personnes et la planète. Friends of the Earth International, 2023. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Recueil-de-donnees-fausses-solutions-climatiques_FR_nov-2023.pdf.

Wikipedia

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BibTeX

@techreport{masson2023tmoigner, author = {Masson, Lise and Rojas, Isaac and Chandrasekaran, Kirtana and Race, Madeleine and Marien, Nele and Shaw, Sara and Booth, Tyler}, title = {{Témoigner des impacts sur les personnes et la planète}}, institution = {Friends of the Earth International}, year = {2023}, month = nov, url = {https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Recueil-de-donnees-fausses-solutions-climatiques_FR_nov-2023.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }