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The Manila Declaration is a statement issued by Indigenous Peoples and support organisations from 35 countries during a conference held in March 2009. It condemns the unsustainable exploitation of Indigenous territories by extractive industries, highlighting the resulting environmental degradation, human rights violations, and contributions to climate change. The document calls for a moratorium on new projects, the recognition of Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC), and systemic reforms across states, corporations, and international financial institutions to protect Indigenous rights and ecological integrity.

This 2009 position paper by Friends of the Earth International defines and critiques 'destructive logging,' identifying it as a primary driver of forest destruction often carried out by transnational corporations. The document argues that flawed political frameworks, corruption, and unsustainable timber demand facilitate these practices, which undermine the rights of indigenous and local communities and cause severe environmental degradation.

The briefing 'Forests are more than carbon' by Friends of the Earth International argues that forest agreements must prioritize the total cessation of deforestation and the protection of Indigenous land rights over carbon-market mechanisms. It warns that REDD mechanisms may incentivize monoculture plantations and allow industrialized nations to avoid economic transformation through offsetting, while advocating for funding via carbon taxes and national programs for community-driven conservation.

This briefing by Friends of the Earth International argues that forest conservation policies must prioritize biodiversity and the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities over carbon sequestration. It specifically critiques the REDD system and carbon markets, suggesting instead that funding for stopping deforestation should come from new taxes on emissions in industrialized countries and be directed toward community-led conservation.

This fact sheet from Friends of the Earth International argues that forest conservation policies must prioritize biodiversity, human rights, and the land rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities over carbon-centric market mechanisms like REDD, which the author claims undermine sovereignty and climate goals.

This 2008 briefing from Friends of the Earth International defines Community-based forest governance (CFG) as a collective-communal approach to forest conservation and sustainable use. The document contrasts CFG's reliance on traditional knowledge with 'forest science' and outlines the diverse actors capable of implementing CFG, as well as the specific organizational and legal characteristics necessary for its success.

This document consists of a series of annexes supporting a request for urgent precautionary measures to suspend hydrocarbon exploration in the territories of the Cacataibo indigenous people. It provides extensive ethnographic evidence, including over 100 testimonies from 2002 to 2006, to prove the existence of Cacataibo groups living in voluntary isolation. The report details the physical characteristics, diet, and housing of these isolated groups, their historical conflicts with other ethnic groups and rubber tappers, and the environmental and health risks posed by seismic exploration in 'Lote 107'. It also outlines the legal status of Cacataibo communal lands and the chronological process of requesting territorial reserves for the isolated populations.

This document is a request for urgent precautionary measures submitted to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and other organizations. It seeks the immediate suspension of hydrocarbon exploration activities in the traditional territories of the isolated Cacataibo indigenous people in Peru, arguing that seismic exploration poses an imminent threat of forced contact, disease, and death.

This briefing by the Center for International Environmental Law describes the threats posed to the Cacataibo indigenous peoples in voluntary isolation (Camanos) by the Peruvian government's August 2007 approval of oil and gas exploration in Block 107. The document details the failure of the Peruvian state to establish proposed territorial reserves and the deficiencies in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the 2D Seismic Project, which involves dynamite blasts in traditional territories.

This briefing by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) details the threats posed to the Cacataibo indigenous people in voluntary isolation in the Peruvian Amazon due to the approval of oil exploration in Lote 107. It highlights the failure of the Peruvian state to establish proposed territorial reserves and the risks associated with seismic exploration using dynamite.

This research paper by the Center for International Environmental Law chronicles the decade-long struggle of the Mapuche/Pehuenche people against the Pangue and Ralco hydroelectric projects in Chile's Alto BíoBío region. It details the environmental and cultural destruction caused by the dams, the failure of the International Finance Corporation (IFC) to oversee social and environmental standards, and the legal battles fought in Chilean and international courts, culminating in a 2003 friendly settlement mediated by the Inter-American Human Rights Commission (IACHR).

This report by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) documents a friendly settlement reached on October 17, 2003, between the State of Chile and members of the Mapuche Pehuenche people. The dispute arose from the construction of the Ralco Hydroelectric Project by the company ENDESA, which the petitioners claimed violated their rights to ancestral lands and ignored indigenous laws requiring consent for relocation.

This document consists of observations submitted by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and a legal team to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) in June 2003. It responds to objections raised by the State of Chile regarding the admissibility of a petition filed by Mapuche-Pehuenche families from the Ralco-Lepoy Indigenous Community. The petition alleges that the construction of the Ralco hydroelectric dam by the company Endesa, authorized by the Chilean state, violates fundamental rights including the right to life, personal integrity, property, and the preservation of indigenous culture and spirituality through the flooding of ancestral lands.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) argues that sustainable development and environmental justice are symbiotically related, asserting that the former cannot be achieved without the latter. The document explores the legal nexus between human rights and the environment, emphasizing the right to a healthy environment, community-based property rights, and procedural rights as essential components for achieving global sustainability and justice.

This research paper examines the impact of decentralization on forest management in the lowlands of Bolivia, focusing on the relationship between municipal governments and local forest users. It analyzes how policy reforms since the mid-1980s, including the Popular Participation Law of 1994 and the Forestry Law of 1996, transferred powers to local authorities. The author finds that while decentralization has increased the bargaining power of marginalized groups like indigenous people and small-scale timber producers, the actual outcomes for forest conservation and social equity are mixed due to bureaucratic hurdles, limited municipal budgets, and the continued influence of local elites.

The research paper analyzes the Convention on Biological Diversity as a pioneering legal instrument that integrates environmental goals with economic sectors, specifically regarding the trade of genetic resources and the protection of indigenous knowledge.

A letter from a coalition of national organizations to the Prime Minister of Canada expressing support for the Pan-Canadian Framework on Climate Change and Clean Growth and outlining specific recommendations for its implementation.

This amicus curiae brief, submitted by AIDA, CIEL, and Earthjustice to the Supreme Court of Justice of Panama, argues that the approval of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Barro Blanco Hydroelectric Project violated international human rights and environmental standards. The brief contends that the State of Panama failed to conduct an adequate consultation process, failed to obtain the free, prior, and informed consent of the Ngäbe people, and approved an incomplete and improperly supervised EIA.

A public statement issued by FENACOCA in August 2007 opposing hydrocarbon exploration in proposed Cacataibo territorial reserves to protect the lives and integrity of Cacataibo people in voluntary isolation.

A public statement signed by Indigenous Peoples, civil society organizations, and social movements calling for an immediate halt to new oil and gas activity and a managed decline of existing operations to protect global biodiversity.