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This scoping paper, produced for the Trade Ministers’ Dialogue on Climate Change Issues in 2007, explores how trade policy tools can support climate change mitigation and sustainable development. It identifies several areas for potential synergy, including the liberalization of trade in low-emission goods, the reform of subsidy rules to support green R&D, the removal of domestic barriers to clean energy investment, the easing of intellectual property restrictions, and the reduction of fossil fuel subsidies.

This fact sheet from the Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment outlines how transitioning to a low-carbon economy in Canada can provide immediate health benefits. It argues that current government commitments are insufficient to meet Paris Agreement targets and advocates for a shift toward renewable energy, plant-based diets, and active transportation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve public health outcomes.

A statement by Tony de Brum (Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of the Marshall Islands) and Maria de Fátima Monteiro Jardim (Minister of Environment of Angola) urging G20 leaders meeting in Antalya, Turkey, to drive ambition for the Paris Climate Change Conference.

A statement by the Center for International Environmental Law outlining policy recommendations to increase global access to clean energy, shift international financing away from fossil fuels, and support technology development in developing countries.

The Doha Declaration on Climate, Health and Wellbeing is a statement by the Global Climate and Health Alliance calling for health and medical organizations to prioritize the protection of human health within global and national policy responses to climate change.

The Global Climate and Health Alliance (GCHA) submitted a written statement to the First Conference on Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels, arguing that fossil fuels should be recognized as health-harming products. The document outlines structural barriers to the energy transition and proposes three primary solutions: integrating health cost accounting into national finance, redirecting fossil fuel subsidies toward clean energy and public health, and banning fossil fuel marketing and sponsorships.

A joint submission from over 175 civil society organizations and trade unions, coordinated by the Global Alliance for Tax Justice (GATJ), providing inputs for the Ad Hoc Committee to Draft Terms of Reference for a United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation (FCITC).

This fact sheet by the Institute for Economic Justice examines the challenges and progress of phasing out fossil fuels within G20 nations. It highlights the economic and social dependencies that hinder the transition, the failure of G20 countries to meet subsidy reduction promises, and the specific goals of South Africa's 2025 G20 presidency to champion a people-centered, just energy transition.

This report analyzes energy subsidies in South Africa for financial year (FY) 2025, finding that they totaled at least ZAR 198 billion (USD 10.8 billion). The analysis highlights a heavy reliance on fossil fuel subsidies, significant financial bailouts for the state-owned power company Eskom, and inefficiencies in the Free Basic Electricity (FBE) policy. The document recommends a comprehensive action plan for subsidy reform, a financial recovery plan for Eskom, and a redesign of the carbon tax and liquid fuel subsidies to better support low-income households and the energy transition.

This fact sheet outlines a blueprint for a fossil-free recovery, arguing that G20 governments should stop funding fossil fuel production and instead use revenues from subsidy reforms and taxes—potentially USD 553 billion annually—to fund clean energy, energy efficiency, and universal energy access. It emphasizes the need for private investment in clean electricity and a just transition involving workers, employers, and governments.

This report analyzes the fiscal implications of the clean energy transition for the BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa), focusing on the reliance of government budgets on fossil fuel revenues and the impact of existing subsidies.

This case study examines South Africa's heavy reliance on coal and the resulting fiscal implications for its energy transition. It details the role of state-owned enterprises, the structure of fossil fuel revenues and subsidies, and the government's climate commitments via its Nationally Determined Contribution.

This policy brief, submitted by a coalition including the International Institute for Sustainable Development and Oil Change International, urges the Canadian government to eliminate all federal and provincial subsidies for oil, natural gas, and coal production by 2020. The authors argue that these subsidies undermine carbon pricing efforts and contradict Canada's international climate commitments under the Paris Agreement and G20/G7 frameworks.

This document describes the energy subsidy framework in Spain, detailing the taxation of fossil fuels, specific tax exemptions and reductions, and legislative measures aimed at eliminating fossil fuel dependence to achieve climate neutrality by 2050.

This fact sheet, based on a report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development, outlines the potential climate and financial impacts of fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR) and fossil energy taxation across 32 countries by 2030.

This executive summary describes a study conducted by PT. Q Energy South East Asia and PT. Cakramustika Swadaya for the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) to identify and measure subsidies provided to oil and gas producers in Indonesia's upstream sector. The study aligns with Indonesia's commitment at the September 2009 G-20 summit to rationalize and eliminate inefficient fossil fuel subsidies.

This fact sheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates Argentina's government support for fossil fuels, ranking it second among G20 non-OECD member countries. While the country shows relatively good transparency and low support for fossil fuel use, it provides substantial funding for oil and gas production, primarily through state-owned enterprise (SOE) investments.

This fact sheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates Australia's government support for fossil fuels, noting a 30% increase in support relative to the 2014–2016 average and highlighting significant tax exemptions for producers and users.

This fact sheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates South Africa's government support for fossil fuels, ranking it as the second-worst performer among G20 non-OECD member countries due to poor transparency and continued backing of coal-based power.

This report, submitted by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) to the UNFCCC First Global Stocktake, analyzes the failure of governments to align public financial flows with the Paris Agreement. It argues that public support for fossil fuels remains high and often increases, creating a financial barrier to clean energy deployment. The document provides evidence of subsidy trends, the impact of COVID-19 recovery packages, and offers a framework for fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR) to accelerate the energy transition while ensuring social equity.