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This techno-economic evaluation by Clyde Mallinson analyzes the South African Risk Mitigation Power Producers Procurement Programme (RM4P). The report argues that the Request for Proposals (RFP) was designed for gas-dominated projects, creating restrictive rules that unfairly penalize renewable energy and storage projects, thereby making gas projects appear more cost-competitive than they are. The author suggests that a technology-agnostic, system-integrated approach could significantly reduce tariffs and carbon emissions.

This expert report by Nicholas King, commissioned by the Centre for Environmental Rights, analyzes the projected physical, socio-economic, and ecological impacts of climate change on youth and future generations in South Africa from 2021 through 2060 and beyond. It argues that under current 'business as usual' trajectories, large portions of the country may become uninhabitable, leading to systemic collapses in food and water security, infrastructure, and mental wellbeing.

This policy brief recommends that the Government of Indonesia implement a coal tax as an immediate, interim measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution while more complex carbon pricing details are resolved.

This research paper chapter examines the fragmented international governance of fossil fuel subsidies, arguing that while the lack of legally binding disciplines creates coordination challenges, the use of multiple institutional rationales and informal international law can still drive reform.

This policy brief explores how African pension funds can be leveraged to address the electricity access gap in Africa by investing in renewable energy-backed (RE) bonds. It argues that while there is a significant opportunity to align long-term pension obligations with long-lived energy infrastructure, systemic barriers regarding investment vehicles, regulatory frameworks, and government environmental policies must be addressed to unlock this capital.

The World Resources Institute (WRI) filed a Form 990 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020, reporting total revenue of $233,076,503 and total expenses of $134,311,980. The organization focuses on global challenges including climate, energy, food, forests, water, ocean, and cities, operating through regional hubs and specialized centers of excellence.

A case study detailing a solar-powered cold storage innovation developed by Manamuz Electric LTD to reduce food spoilage and increase income for smallholder farmers in Nigeria.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the rural credit market in the Brazilian Cerrado biome, highlighting a concentration of financial flows toward large-scale producers and soy production, while noting a scarcity of credit for small and medium-sized family farmers.

This statement from RMI argues that the climate crisis is an immediate planetary emergency requiring the rapid deployment of a broad spectrum of clean technologies and the accelerated retirement of carbon-intensive assets to avoid irreversible climate feedback loops.

As of August 2021, fewer than 1% of U.S. school buses are electric, with 95% still relying on diesel. Adoption is led by California and Montgomery County, Maryland, though deployment is heavily skewed toward suburban areas (64% of committed buses). While some electric buses are in highly vulnerable communities, this is largely due to targeted funding in California. Federal initiatives like the American Jobs Plan and Bipartisan Infrastructure Framework provide scaling opportunities, though the report warns that funding 'clean' fossil-fuel alternatives like natural gas hinders decarbonization goals.

This report by the World Resources Institute (WRI) analyzes the adoption of electric school buses (ESBs) in the United States as of March 31, 2022. It tracks 'committed' buses—those awarded funding, ordered, delivered, or in operation—highlighting a significant increase in commitments driven by large-scale contracts and specific funding sources like the Volkswagen Settlement. The report also examines the distribution of these buses across different demographics and pollution levels to assess the equity of the transition.

Groundwork South Africa submitted an affidavit to the National Energy Regulator of South Africa (NERSA) objecting to Karpowership SA Richards Bay's application for an electricity generation licence. The objection argues that the project fails to meet the requirements of the Electricity Regulation Act (ERA) and the National Energy Regulator Act (NERA), citing severe environmental risks, lack of necessary permits, and the existence of cheaper, cleaner energy alternatives.

RMI argues that continued high spending on US gas distribution infrastructure is counterproductive to climate goals and risks creating stranded assets. The document advocates for a shift toward electrification and energy efficiency for residential and commercial buildings, while limiting gas infrastructure spending to targeted safety needs and high-value industrial applications.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative examines how green and transition bonds can facilitate South Africa's shift from a coal-dependent energy system to a low-carbon economy. It analyzes the specific challenges of the South African market, the roles of major emitters like Eskom and Sasol, and provides frameworks for credible transition finance to avoid greenwashing.

The 'Electrical Grids and Storage Criteria' document, published by the Climate Bonds Initiative in August 2021, establishes the technical eligibility requirements for grid-related assets and electricity storage projects to receive Climate Bonds Certification. It defines the scope of eligible infrastructure, sets mitigation and adaptation benchmarks, and provides a detailed checklist for assessing climate resilience to ensure investments contribute to a low-carbon and climate-resilient economy.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the characteristics of rural credit in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. It highlights a significant concentration of financial flows toward large producers and the expansion of soybean production, contrasting this with limited credit access for small and medium-sized family farmers. The study also notes a growing trend of private financing sources, although public banks continue to dominate the distribution of credit.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the rural credit market in the Brazilian Cerrado biome, highlighting a significant concentration of financial flows toward large-scale producers and soy production, contrasted with limited credit access for small and medium-sized family farmers.

The document analyzes the regulatory framework for forest compensation in Brazil under the 2012 Forest Code. It finds that most state laws are outdated and inconsistent with federal rules, often prioritizing raw material supply over ecological conservation. The authors recommend updating state laws, adopting 'no net loss of habitat' principles, ensuring cash payments are tied to specific restoration projects, and implementing geospatial monitoring tools to ensure effective environmental compensation.

This political statement by Friends of the Earth International advocates for a 'Renewable Energy Plan for a Just Recovery' to make Africa 100% independent in renewable energy by 2050. The plan seeks to address energy poverty, the impacts of climate change, and the economic fallout of the Covid-19 pandemic through community-led energy systems and a transition away from fossil fuels.

The 'Just Recovery Renewable Energy Plan for Africa' by Friends of the Earth Africa proposes a transition to a 100% renewable energy independent continent by 2050. Based on modelling by Dr. Sven Teske, the plan aims to eliminate energy poverty and address the dual crises of climate change and Covid-19 through a people-centred, democratic energy system that prioritises social justice and gender equity over corporate profit.