Search Climate Insights Directory

Colombia faces a projected gas supply deficit from 2030 onwards as domestic production declines. The report argues that the country can mitigate this risk and avoid costly imports by implementing energy efficiency in industry and electrifying cooking and water heating in the residential sector. It recommends a planned, just transition that includes a national appliance replacement programme, the reorientation of subsidies, and the limitation of new fossil fuel infrastructure to avoid carbon lock-in.

Colombia faces a projected gas supply deficit starting in 2030, as national production declines and import capacity becomes insufficient. The report argues that this vulnerability can be mitigated by reducing demand through a 14% increase in industrial energy efficiency and the electrification of residential cooking and water heating. Specifically, replacing 10% of gas stoves and 30% of water heaters with electric alternatives could significantly lower demand. The authors recommend a planned, just transition that includes reorienting subsidies toward electrification, implementing a national equipment replacement program, and avoiding long-term fossil fuel lock-ins like fracking.

The document examines how electrifying heating systems and improving energy efficiency in buildings can reduce urban emissions, highlighting Copenhagen's achievement of reducing building-related emissions by over 60% between 2019 and 2023. It notes that while such measures reduce emissions at the source, they can increase induced emissions if the electricity grid remains carbon-intensive.

The report proposes a Gas System Analysis (GSA) framework to counter rising consumer costs and risks associated with massive gas infrastructure investments. It outlines a three-part process: depicting current system characteristics, defining future scenarios (including business-as-usual and alternative pathways), and forecasting impacts on costs, emissions, and public health. The framework aims to prevent stranded assets and support the transition to clean heat through electrification and non-pipeline alternatives.

The report argues that induction stoves are the most viable clean cooking solution for on-grid Indonesian households, offering cost savings and alignment with decarbonization goals compared to dimethyl ether (DME) or piped natural gas. It highlights that current universal LPG subsidies discourage adoption and recommends a targeted subsidy reform where savings from well-off households are reallocated to fund induction infrastructure. The document also emphasizes the need for electricity tariff reform and the integration of gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) to support women, who are the primary cooks.

The report argues that the UK risks spending billions in public funds on unproven carbon removal technologies, such as power-BECCS and DACCS, which face significant delays and high costs. It highlights that a single project at Drax biomass power station could require £30 billion in subsidies, exceeding the entire national carbon capture and storage budget. The analysis notes that no commercial-scale project has yet begun construction or captured carbon, and warns that power-BECCS may not deliver genuine removals due to feedstock and supply chain emissions. The author recommends prioritising proven decarbonisation methods like renewables and heat pumps over these high-risk technologies.

The analysis finds that tripling renewable energy capacity, doubling energy efficiency improvements, and cutting methane emissions by 2030 and beyond would significantly reduce the rate of global warming and lower projected century-end warming from 2.6°C to 1.7°C.

The Integrated Net Present Value (iNPV) framework addresses the failure of traditional cost-benefit analyses to account for the full value of process modernization in US light manufacturing. Developed by RMI and Schneider Electric, the framework provides a method for measuring and monetizing value streams across categories such as operational flexibility, risk mitigation, and market differentiation to improve investment decision-making for decarbonization.

The UK's current hydrogen strategy is criticised for misaligning production targets with actual demand, leading to high public costs and inefficient funding. The author recommends prioritising hydrogen for industrial clusters and low-carbon fuels, strengthening methane emission standards, and redesigning the Hydrogen Allocation Round (HAR) to support the entire value chain from production to end-use.

The cement and concrete sector accounts for nearly 8 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions, primarily due to clinker production. Decarbonization requires a three-pronged innovation approach: 'Make Less' (reducing demand through design and efficiency), 'Make Better' (improving existing processes via supplementary cementitious materials and carbon storage), and 'Make New' (developing disruptive, zero-clinker chemistries and electrified production). While near-zero emission cement currently represents less than 1 percent of the market, the report highlights that scaling these technologies requires overcoming fragmented markets, outdated prescriptive standards, and a significant funding gap, as the sector has received less than 1 percent of climate tech venture capital over the last five years.

The policy brief argues that gas utilities in the U.S. spend between $3.5 billion and $7 billion annually to replace aging service lines. It proposes a service line NPA framework where utilities offer customers financial incentives to electrify and disconnect from the gas system instead of replacing the pipe. This approach aims to reduce ratepayer costs, lower emissions, and avoid stranded assets. The brief highlights Con Edison's Energy Exchange Program as a developed example and discusses design considerations such as participant incentives, utility support, and customer outreach.

The report analyzes cost allocation strategies for distribution grid investments driven by the electrification of buildings and transportation and the growth of distributed energy resources. It compares three state-level approaches—Minnesota's standardized fees, Massachusetts's Proactive Hosting Capacity Fee, and New York's project-level justification—while outlining the trade-offs between uniform, incremental, traditional, and proactive cost allocation models.

The document highlights the economic and legal imperatives for South Korea to strengthen its 2035 NDC, noting strong business support for a transition to renewables and a landmark Constitutional Court ruling requiring more robust climate targets to protect citizens' rights.

The document advocates for shifting the $1.1 trillion spent annually on fossil fuel subsidies toward clean energy technologies. It presents a business case where renewables-based power systems drive industrial competitiveness, attract private investment, and reduce exposure to volatile fuel markets. The report details how strategic incentives in China and India have accelerated EV adoption and suggests that power market reforms—such as decoupling electricity prices from natural gas—are essential to unlock the full potential of the energy transition.

The UK has reduced emissions by 50.4% since 1990 while growing its economy by nearly 80%, with the net zero economy contributing £83.1 billion to GDP in 2024. However, the report identifies a 'policy implementation gap,' noting that as of June 2025, credible plans existed for only 38% of the reductions needed for the 2030 NDC. The document calls for a holistic approach to electrification, the creation of lead markets for green technologies, a national retrofit strategy for housing, and a comprehensive plan to close a green skills gap of up to 400,000 workers. It also emphasizes the need to align climate goals with nature recovery and to overcome political polarization by communicating the economic benefits of the transition to the public.

The We Mean Business Coalition asserts that the Paris Agreement has created a shared global framework that made climate policy investible, leading to a surge in clean energy investment and the growth of renewables. Despite progress, such as renewables supplying nearly a third of global electricity and clean-energy investment surpassing $2 trillion in 2024, the document warns that overall ambition remains insufficient. It calls for governments to redirect fossil-fuel subsidies toward clean investment, reform energy markets, and deliver more credible Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) by COP30 to ensure a stable economic and climatic future.

The We Mean Business Coalition calls on governments to redirect public finance away from fossil fuels and toward clean energy to unlock business investment. The statement argues that current national climate plans are insufficient and that removing approximately $1 trillion in annual fossil fuel subsidies is a critical economic strategy to ensure energy security and market fairness.

The EU remains highly vulnerable to energy price shocks and supply disruptions due to a 58% reliance on imported fossil fuels for primary energy. While the power sector has largely transitioned to homegrown sources, sectors like transport (88% reliant on imports) and buildings remain exposed. The report argues that electrification can reduce fossil import dependency to 30% by 2040, noting that 67% of EU energy demand can already be electrified with mature technologies. Current frontrunners, such as Denmark with electric vehicles and the Netherlands with heat pumps, demonstrate significant displacement of oil and gas imports.

The document highlights the role of US states in decarbonizing heavy industry, specifically petroleum refining, chemicals, iron and steel, and cement manufacturing. It outlines various technology pathways—such as CCUS, electrification, and hydrogen—and provides a menu of state policy tools including financial support, demand stimulation, and permitting reform to drive investment and deployment.

Ember's response to the EU Electrification Action Plan call for evidence emphasizes that while technology readiness is not a barrier—with two-thirds of EU energy demand potentially electrifiable today—cost remains the primary obstacle. The organization urges the Commission to rebalance energy taxation, as industrial electricity taxes are on average triple those of gas, and to incentivize smart consumption through dynamic tariffs. Furthermore, Ember advocates for strategic grid planning and increased investment in energy storage and demand-side response to lower total system costs and integrate renewables.