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Scaling knowledge interoperability for accelerated climate action
The article discusses how taxonomies and the Climate Connectivity Hub enhance the findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability (FAIR) of climate change adaptation data. By organizing information that is typically scattered across various online sites, these tools facilitate a shared understanding of knowledge domains, enabling policymakers and practitioners to build on existing research and speed up the deployment of effective climate resilience actions.
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Document type: Research paper
Flood-Prone Tamil Nadu, India Builds Climate-Resilient Villages
WRI India and the Tamil Nadu government developed a Climate Resilient Village model to address vulnerabilities such as extreme heat, droughts, cyclones, and flooding. The program was scaled across 11 districts, benefiting nearly 2.7 million people through a combination of infrastructure improvements, renewable energy, and waste management. Key interventions included solar panel installations, canal restoration, and the creation of jobs in recycling for marginalized groups. The Tamil Nadu government has since integrated these solutions into its broader state climate and restoration strategies.
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Document type: Case study
Climate Bonds Core Methodology for Data Products
The Climate Bonds Core Methodology for Data Products provides a science-based framework for evaluating labelled-debt instruments, including green, social, sustainability, and sustainability-linked bonds. It employs a tiered system consisting of the Core Methodology, dataset-level methodologies, and an internal screening library to ensure consistency and credibility. Instruments are screened based on their use-of-proceeds (UoP) or key performance indicators (KPIs) and classified as 'aligned', 'not aligned', or 'pending'. The framework prioritizes avoiding 'fossil-fuel lock-in' and uses a materiality-based approach for tagging sub-themes such as biodiversity and climate resilience. While external reviews are considered supplementary, alignment is determined independently through a systematic review of issuer disclosures and formal transaction documentation.
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Document type: Guide
Sustainable Debt Global State of the Market 2025
As of the end of 2025, the Climate Bonds Initiative recorded a cumulative aligned GSS+ debt volume of USD6.8tn, with annual aligned volume reaching USD1.0tn for the third consecutive year. Green bonds remain the dominant label, accounting for 64% of 2025 aligned volume (USD653.5bn), while sustainability bonds reached a record annual volume of USD217.3bn. Europe leads globally in both annual and cumulative aligned volume, though the USA remains the largest single country source of cumulative aligned volume at USD887.4bn. The report also highlights the launch of the Climate Bonds Resilience Taxonomy (CBRT) to address the funding gap for climate adaptation and resilience, exemplified by the world's first CBRT-certified resilience bond issued by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.
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Document type: Report
SUMMARY 12th Meeting of the San Giorgio Group
The 12th Meeting of the San Giorgio Group (SGG12) focused on moving climate finance from ideas to large-scale delivery, emphasizing system coherence and country-level impact. The group highlighted that annual climate finance now exceeds USD 2 trillion, driven by renewable energy and transport electrification. Key priorities include reforming Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), scaling guarantees and catalytic equity, and addressing the high cost of capital in developing countries. The agenda also calls for 'radical localism' to center people in the climate narrative and suggests leveraging artificial intelligence and underutilized public financing institutions, such as export credit agencies, to accelerate the energy transition.
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Document type: Executive summary
Quem Fica de Fora do Pronaf?
The report analyzes inequalities in access to Pronaf credit among Brazilian family farmers, identifying technical assistance (ATER) and cooperatives as key drivers of access. It highlights a stark regional divide, with the South region having significantly higher access than the North and Northeast. The study argues that credit alone is insufficient for climate adaptation and calls for increased investment in ATER, which has seen a downward trend in federal spending, to ensure a just and sustainable agricultural transition.
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Document type: Report
EL ROL DEL ALMACENAMIENTO ENERGÉTICO EN AMÉRICA LATINA: avances y retos en la región
The document examines energy storage as a structural resource for flexibility in Latin American electrical systems facing high penetration of variable renewable energy. It highlights that while Chile leads in battery deployment to manage curtailment, other countries like Colombia, Peru, and Brazil are at earlier stages, often focusing on reliability or specific industrial uses. The report argues that the primary barriers to deployment are institutional and regulatory rather than technological, and recommends shifting from a capacity-focused approach to a functional one that prioritizes specific flexibility needs.
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Document type: Policy brief
WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS: WATER SERVICES AMENDMENT BILL [B24 – 2025]
The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER) welcomes the introduction of a licensing regime and personal liability for directors in the Water Services Amendment Bill [B24 – 2025] but warns that the Bill concentrates too much power in the Director General and lacks mandatory environmental and public health standards for licensing. The CER argues that the Bill fails to address systemic under-funding of infrastructure and climate-change resilience, and it calls for the inclusion of mandatory climate-adaptation plans and a national framework for wastewater reuse.
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Document type: Statement
Exploring Climate Preparedness
The analysis finds a very weak correlation between a country's institutional readiness and its citizens' perceived personal preparedness for extreme weather. While some countries like Vietnam show high levels of both, others like Armenia have high institutional readiness but low personal preparedness, and the Philippines shows high personal preparedness despite lower institutional readiness. The study emphasizes that climate resilience requires tailored strategies based on these distinct gaps, noting that 48 of the 68 examined countries rank in the bottom half of global institutional readiness.
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Document type: Research paper
Advancing Climate Adaptation through Citizen Engagement
The authors find a positive trend in integrating citizen engagement into climate adaptation, but note a persistent gap between theoretical good practices and real-world implementation. This gap is driven by a reliance on academic sources, lack of transparency in knowledge-sharing platforms, difficulties in tailoring general knowledge to local contexts, institutional barriers, and a lack of societal normalization of engagement.
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Document type: Research paper
Leveraging Trade to Support Climate Adaptation in Developing Countries
The paper examines the disconnect between trade and climate policies, which hinders the distribution of adaptation technologies to the Global South. It defines adaptation technology through three pillars—hardware, software, and orgware—and emphasizes that these tools are highly site-specific. The author identifies three primary challenges: a shallow understanding of adaptation among trade policy-makers, trade barriers such as high tariffs, and siloed discussions between the WTO and UNFCCC. To resolve this, the document recommends involving trade experts in National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and Technology Needs Assessment (TNA) processes, reducing trade barriers, leveraging regional agreements, and supporting South-South cooperation.
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Document type: Research paper
PURE Rural Mozambique Climate Project: Driving Mozambique's climate resilience through energy access and climate-smart Productive Use of Renewable Energy
The document is a formal reporting form for the PURE Rural Mozambique Climate Project, detailing the environmental and social safeguards (ESS) category and the disclosure of impact assessments and management plans.
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Document type: Report
Peru’s Natural Legacy – Amazon & Climate (PdP A&C): Effective Management of Peruvian Amazon Protected Areas for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
The report outlines the safeguards and disclosure process for the PdP A&C project, which targets 25 National Protected Areas (NPAs) and 4 buffer zones covering 17.6 million hectares in the Peruvian Amazon. It confirms the publication of the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF), the Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF), and the Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) in English and Spanish. The document details a comprehensive disclosure strategy involving hybrid and in-person meetings with indigenous organizations, the distribution of physical documents to park ranger offices, and the creation of audio capsules in Spanish, Ese Eja, and Machiguenga to ensure accessibility for non-Spanish speaking communities.
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Document type: Report
Business as Usual and Fantasy Planning
The paper identifies a disconnect between Nairobi's sanitation policy rhetoric and its implementation, noting that a focus on sewerage development marginalizes other sanitation regimes and fails to address equity. Projections suggest that climate change will exacerbate these inequalities, leaving a significant portion of the population with poor sanitation services by 2030.
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Document type: Research paper
Déclaration médiatique : La crise de l’eau en Afrique expose le coût d’un système financier mondial défaillant
The African Forum and Network on Debt and Development (AFRODAD) asserts that Africa's water insecurity is a systemic issue linked to a global financial architecture that traps the continent in costly debt cycles. With an annual funding gap of at least 30 billion USD for water infrastructure, the document highlights how high borrowing costs and austerity measures prevent investment in climate-resilient water systems. AFRODAD calls for a comprehensive reform of the global financial system, including a UN framework on sovereign debt and the recognition of historical injustices through reparations, to enable the achievement of Agenda 2063 and SDG 6.
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Document type: Statement
This Hillside City in South America Rebuilt Itself Around Nature — and Got Healthier
Loja, Ecuador, has transformed its urban landscape through the Sistema Verde Urbano, a network of over 600 hectares of green spaces, river corridors, and parks. Developed in partnership with the German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ) and the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), the system integrates water management, pedestrian and cycling mobility, and biodiversity restoration to mitigate flooding and heat while improving resident well-being.
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Document type: Case study
Less Fertilizer, Better Outcomes
The document highlights that US farmers apply 30 to 50 percent more synthetic nitrogen fertilizer than crops can absorb, leading to significant economic waste and greenhouse gas emissions. It advocates for the next food and farm bill to increase funding for USDA programs like EQIP and CSP to support soil health and climate resilience, particularly for socially disadvantaged farmers.
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Document type: Executive summary
Media Development
The document explores how indigenous and rural communities in Indonesia, India, Mexico, and Colombia are implementing community-centered connectivity and media to resist digital colonialism and preserve cultural integrity. It highlights specific models of digital sovereignty, such as the Kasepuhan Ciptagelar's hybrid network in Indonesia and indigenous mobile virtual network operators in Mexico, while arguing that communication justice requires moving beyond simple technical access to protect local languages and knowledge systems.
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Document type: Research paper
Africa+1 Summits: A Closer Look at the Geometry of Global Diplomacy
The research paper examines 'Africa+1' summits—high-level meetings between African nations and a single external power—as a strategic arena for geopolitical influence. It traces the evolution from early French-led summits to a 'second generation' involving Asian powers like Japan, China, India, and Turkey, and more recent engagement from Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and Italy. The author argues that Africa's demographic growth and critical mineral wealth have increased its strategic value, allowing African states to exercise greater agency by leveraging rivalries between global powers. However, the document critiques the summit format as often being performative and asymmetric, noting a gap between multi-billion-dollar pledges and tangible results. It highlights proposals for reform, such as unified AU representation, to move toward more equitable partnerships.
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Document type: Research paper
Maintaining HalifACT Funding: A Public Health Imperative for the 2026/27 Budget
The Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment – Nova Scotia (CAPE NS) urges the Halifax Regional Council to maintain full funding for HalifACT, asserting that cutting the estimated $6 million Climate Action Tax will shift financial burdens to the healthcare system. The letter highlights that climate change in Nova Scotia is driving increases in extreme heat mortality, respiratory issues from wildfire smoke, and the spread of Lyme disease. It argues that proactive investment in climate resilience is fiscally responsible, noting that every $1 spent today avoids $13 to $15 in future costs. Furthermore, the authors state that funding cuts disproportionately harm vulnerable populations, such as seniors and low-income residents in urban heat islands, who rely on programs like the Solar City initiative and home retrofits.
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Document type: Statement