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The report identifies four primary risks—product, customer, operational, and residual value—that hinder the financing of zero-emission trucks (ZETs) in India. It argues that deploying the first 10,000 ZETs is a critical step to demonstrate viability and build market confidence. To achieve this, the document advocates for a collaborative risk-management framework involving original equipment manufacturers, fleet operators, charge point operators, financiers, and development finance institutions to lower default probabilities and distribute potential losses.

The document examines the financial mechanisms of utility regulation, specifically the gap between the allowed return on equity (ROE) and the cost of equity (COE). It argues that current ROEs are excessively high, creating a 'capex bias' that incentivizes expensive capital projects over cost-effective solutions like energy efficiency. By analyzing price-to-book ratios and applying discounted cash flow models, the authors estimate that the required return for investors is significantly lower than currently approved rates. The guide provides a framework for stakeholders to challenge inflated COE estimates by correcting flawed model assumptions regarding interest rates, growth rates, and historical means. It further dismisses common industry claims that lower ROEs would limit access to capital or increase customer costs via credit rating downgrades.

An analysis of Southern California's heating equipment shows that heat pumps can be cheaper than gas alternatives due to incentives, potentially saving low-income households over $10,000 with federal rebates. However, fragmented application processes and insufficient funding levels hinder widespread adoption.

The report assesses gender inequalities in Kenya's agricultural sector, specifically within the Lake Region Economic Bloc (LREB). It identifies systemic barriers for women, including limited land ownership, restricted access to finance, and a disproportionate domestic work burden, which exacerbate their vulnerability to climate change. The assessment analyzes six priority value chains—coffee, tea, fruit trees, African leafy vegetables, poultry, and dairy—finding that while women provide the majority of labor, they are often excluded from leadership and financial control, particularly in 'masculinized' cash crops. To address this, the project proposes a Gender Action Plan using Gender Transformative Approaches (GTA) and Gender Action Learning Systems (GALS) to shift deep-rooted socio-cultural norms and improve the representation and agency of marginalized groups in agricultural cooperatives.

The document identifies that while the U.S. needs a three- to four-fold increase in transmission capacity over 30 years, deployment is hindered by federal leadership gaps, insufficient agency staffing, and uncoordinated requirements across federal, state, and Tribal jurisdictions. Quantitative analysis of 33 completed transmission lines shows an average EIS review length of 4.3 years. The author recommends consolidating siting authority under FERC for projects in the national interest, expanding the use of programmatic environmental impact statements, and utilizing the Permitting Dashboard for greater transparency.

The report assesses the AU-EU climate partnership, noting it is under strain due to unmet commitments and limited finance. It calls for the EU to double adaptation finance by COP30, contribute its 'fair share' to the New Quantified Collective Goal, and establish a new adaptation finance target to replace the COP26 pledge.

The document details the Trump administration's systematic dismantling of U.S. climate and environmental justice policies, highlighting the rescission of the Justice 40 initiative and the freezing of funds from the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law. It reports on the administrative leave of 168 EPA employees dedicated to underserved communities and the suspension of Community Benefit Plans by the Department of Energy. The guide provides resources for journalists to track the impact of these cuts on specific programs like Solar for All and the efforts of activists and legal experts to resist these changes.

The document outlines an evaluation of 18 Nordic Development Fund (NDF) projects to assess their contribution to climate mitigation and transformative change. Using the Climate Investment Fund’s (CIF) Principles for Transformational Climate Finance, the study examines whether Swedish development finance achieves the scale and speed of emission reductions necessary to meet the Paris Agreement's 1.5 C temperature goal. The evaluation focuses on speed, scale, systemic change, relevance, additionality, co-benefits, and transparency, emphasizing that transformative potential requires analysis of wider structural change beyond simple quantitative greenhouse gas measurements.

The report identifies peatland protection as an 'emergency brake' climate solution due to the high carbon density of these ecosystems, which store approximately 600 Gt of carbon. It estimates that protecting one hectare of peatland avoids between 0.92 and 13.47 t CO‚-eq/ha/yr, with the highest impact in tropical and subtropical regions. The net cost is estimated at US$1.5/ha/yr, or $0.25/t CO‚-eq avoided. While approximately 22% of global peatlands are in protected areas (PAs), the report suggests an achievable protection range of 70–90% of remaining undrained peatlands, which could reduce emissions by 1.3–1.7 Gt CO‚-eq/yr. The analysis emphasizes the critical role of Indigenous peoples' lands, which contain an additional 186 Mha of peatlands, and advocates for secure land tenure and community-led governance to ensure permanence and avoid leakage.

The document identifies access to finance as a primary barrier to zero-emission truck (ZET) adoption in India due to investor hesitancy and higher interest rates compared to diesel trucks. It proposes three financial mechanisms—risk-sharing facilities, tailored insurance, and Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS)—drawing on examples from California, China, and Europe to accelerate India's ZET market growth.

The report argues that the U.S. needs approximately 1 billion metric tons of permanent CDR annually by 2050 to reach net zero, but current policies are insufficient. It introduces an Innovation Technology Framework that categorizes technology development into R&D, Early Output, and Commercialization stages, each requiring different policy levers: lowering costs, improving access to finance, reducing project development time, and removing ecosystem barriers. The authors recommend tripling DOE CDR R&D funding, implementing a technology-neutral production tax credit for the Early Output phase, and transitioning toward long-term regulatory drivers like a carbon takeback obligation or removals trading system. Key ecosystem recommendations include establishing an interagency task force for monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) and streamlining EPA Class VI well permitting to 12 months.

Carbon Market Watch urges the European Union to revise its proposal for a global shipping carbon levy before the April 2025 IMO negotiations. The organization argues that the current plan lacks sufficient support for least developed countries (LDCs) and small island developing states (SIDS), who are most vulnerable to increased shipping costs. It recommends that the EU expand revenue use beyond the maritime sector, allocate more funds to vulnerable nations for climate adaptation and resilience, and establish transparent redistribution mechanisms to ensure a just transition.

The document describes Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) as the individual climate plans countries use to contribute to the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C. It highlights the technical and political challenges of formulating NDCs, particularly for developing nations, and explains how these documents signal financial needs to investors and global climate funds. The briefing notes that G20 nations are critical due to their high emissions, while Small Island Developing States (SIDS) use NDCs to lead by example and request 'means of implementation' such as technology transfer and financing.

The document examines the potential for Nigeria to reduce methane emissions in its oil and gas sector, noting that such actions could unlock USD 1.5 billion annually and support the country's commitment to reduce emissions by 30% by 2030 under the Global Methane Pledge.

Reclaim Finance critiques the Dutch bank ING for implementing a 'double standard' in its climate policy. While ING is the first major international bank to announce an end to direct project financing for new LNG export terminals starting in 2026, it continues to provide corporate financial services to the companies developing these projects. Between 2021 and 2023, ING provided over $5 billion to LNG expansion, ranking it as the second-largest European financier of the sector. The document highlights that corporate financing, which remains permitted under ING's new policy, accounts for 96% of financing allocated to the fossil fuel industry. Specific examples of continued support include $3 billion provided to Venture Global and the bank's role in the company's January 2025 IPO, as well as bond issuances for Cheniere Energy in early 2024.

Reclaim Finance criticizes ING for a 'double standard' in its climate policy: while the bank is the first major international bank to announce an end to direct project financing for new LNG export terminals starting in 2026, it continues to provide corporate financing to major LNG developers. Between 2021 and 2023, ING provided over US$5 billion to LNG expansion, making it the second-largest European financier in this sector. The document highlights ING's significant financial ties to Venture Global, including US$3 billion allocated between 2021 and 2023 and participation in its January 2025 initial public offering, as well as its role in issuing bonds for Cheniere Energy in early 2024.

The document details the Trump administration's efforts to gut US climate policy, focusing on the rescission of the Justice 40 initiative and the freezing of related federal funds. It reports on the administrative leave of EPA employees, the suspension of Community Benefit Plans at the Department of Energy, and the removal of the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool, while highlighting the intended goals of the original environmental justice programs.

The document argues that reforming environmentally harmful subsidies (EHS), which total over USD 2 trillion annually, is a critical lever for systemic transformation in climate and biodiversity finance. It calls for philanthropic organizations to invest in co-creating essential tools for scalable action—such as improved transparency, awareness, and coordination—while building political momentum through a combination of direct policy advice and public advocacy. The playbook emphasizes the need for multi-year commitments and the development of transition strategies for current subsidy beneficiaries to overcome strong opposition to reform.

The study evaluates the Klimaschutzverträge (KSV) scheme in Germany, finding risks that 'low-carbon' hydrogen may receive indirect subsidies and that removing emissions reduction criteria from bid evaluations could disadvantage green hydrogen. It recommends implementing a holistic sustainability standard for all hydrogen imports and explicitly accounting for transport emissions to ensure resource efficiency.

The study evaluates the H2Global mechanism, specifically the BMWK pilot auction, finding that while some EU-aligned standards for renewable energy are present, the mechanism lacks universal minimum sustainability standards. It identifies gaps in protecting local water and land resources from competing uses and notes that local value creation measures are insufficient to ensure sustainable economic benefits for producer countries.