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The report evaluates India's 'Green Industrial Policy' as a blend of market-failure corrections and traditional industrial development goals. While the 'green' objectives—energy access, security, and GHG abatement—have seen success, the industrial policy goals of creating a competitive domestic manufacturing base and fostering R&D have fared poorly. The solar sector has struggled against cheap imports, while the wind sector, though more mature, has seen a decline in global competitiveness and a recent drop in installations following the withdrawal of tax incentives.

The paper argues that single-year targets create uncertainty regarding emissions pathways and may reduce cumulative mitigation outcomes compared to multi-year targets, especially when tradable units are used. It assesses four accounting options to address these issues and recommends that future international agreements require continuous multi-year targets to ensure comparability and alignment with carbon budgets.

The document details the human rights violations resulting from the Barro Blanco hydroelectric dam project in Panama, specifically the forced eviction of indigenous Ngöbe communities. It argues that the State of Panama, as well as Germany, the Netherlands, and member states of the Central American Bank for Economic Integration (CABEI), have failed in their obligations to protect the Ngöbe's rights to housing, food, water, culture, and education. The appeal highlights a lack of free, prior, and informed consent and calls for an immediate halt to evictions and project funding.

The research paper examines the complexity and stringency of the Clean Development Mechanism's (CDM) monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) requirements. It finds that these rules act as barriers to project success, noting that only one-third of registered projects have successfully managed initial verification to receive carbon credits. By comparing CDM-MRV provisions with those of the EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS), the paper concludes that some CDM requirements are stricter and less flexible than necessary, creating burdens that do not contribute to environmental integrity. The document suggests that improving cost-efficiency and reducing uncertainty in these rules is essential for the development of future market-based mechanisms.

The document introduces the CaRROT toolkit, an MS Excel-based tool for Kenya's flower industry to account for GHG emissions, energy, and water consumption. It outlines the assessment methodology based on ISO, IPCC, and GHG Protocol standards, and identifies climate-related business opportunities such as the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and voluntary carbon markets. The report recommends establishing sectoral baselines and enhancing capacity building to transition the industry toward a low-carbon model.

Carbon Market Watch advocates for a domestic greenhouse gas reduction target of at least 55% by 2030 for Europe. The briefing argues that international offsetting is a 'major policy failure' that undermines domestic abatement and calls for the expiration of the estimated 2 billion surplus allowances and offsets accumulated up to 2020. It further recommends increasing the 'linear reduction factor' for permits in the EU ETS and implementing strict safeguards for any future linking with external carbon markets to prevent the import of substandard credits.

The document outlines the three primary areas of MRV—greenhouse gas emissions, mitigation actions, and support—and highlights the specific challenges LDCs face, particularly regarding the lack of common definitions for climate finance and the capacity burdens of reporting requirements.

The document analyzes 75 carbon-financed cookstove projects in India and Kenya, finding that while carbon revenues often fund price subsidies and after-sales support, many developers rely on them exclusively, creating financial risk. It suggests that carbon finance is most effective as 'transitional crediting' to stimulate early demand and that the monitoring requirements of carbon markets can actually improve long-term stove uptake.

The document outlines SEI's research on climate finance and carbon markets, arguing that adaptation finance priorities are political rather than scientific, and that private sector finance is unlikely to meet the primary needs of the poor and vulnerable. It also evaluates the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), suggesting that excluding problematic project types, such as coal power, would improve carbon market efficiency.

The report examines the role of carbon finance in scaling up improved cookstove initiatives in India and Kenya. Through a review of 75 project design documents and 49 stakeholder interviews, it finds that while carbon revenues can provide essential funding for price subsidies, R&D, and after-sales support, they also introduce significant risks. These include a potential mismatch between carbon efficiency goals and cultural user needs, uncertainties in emission reduction predictions, and volatility in carbon credit demand. The study suggests that carbon finance is most effective as a transitional tool for businesses that are already fundamentally viable, rather than as a sole funding source for NGOs or small enterprises.

The document evaluates the outcomes of COP19 through a human rights lens, noting progress in establishing the Warsaw Mechanism for loss and damage and rules for REDD+ safeguards, while criticizing the lack of accountability in the Green Climate Fund and the postponement of Clean Development Mechanism reforms.

The COP19 analysis by Carbon Market Watch describes the conference as demoralizing due to the influence of corporate interests and the lowering of climate targets by countries like Japan. While the conference established a mechanism for loss and damage and made progress on REDD+ safeguards and funding, it failed to reach decisions on future carbon markets, the Framework for Various Approaches (FVA), or the New Market Mechanism (NMM). The document also notes that reforms to the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI) were largely postponed, though some guidance on stakeholder consultation for the CDM was improved.

The report finds that India's clean cooking sector is hampered by a lack of cross-government coordination, limited access to commercial finance for entrepreneurs, and a significant gap in consumer awareness. While the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has established technical standards, the sector remains supply-driven, often ignoring the agency and specific preferences of rural households. The authors argue that the National Biomass Cookstoves Initiative (NBCI) should evolve into a cross-government National Mission to leverage the distribution networks and awareness-raising capacities of other ministries.

The Climate Action Network (CAN) argues that the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has underperformed, likely delivering only 40% of the emission reductions it sold and failing to provide sustainable development benefits. To address these failures, CAN proposes four urgent reforms: reforming additionality requirements and shortening crediting periods; excluding large-scale power projects and climate-damaging technologies like coal; establishing a grievance mechanism for local stakeholders to protect human rights; and creating a monitoring mechanism to improve sustainable development contributions.

The Climate Action Network (CAN) argues that the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI) have failed to deliver real emissions reductions, potentially contributing to an increase of 1 billion tons of global emissions. The statement demands fundamental reforms to additionality requirements, the mandate of net atmospheric benefits, and improved governance, while specifically calling for a halt to the issuance of JI offsets during the interim period.

Carbon Market Watch argues that the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) should not provide emissions credits to new coal power plants, asserting that such projects undermine climate goals, cause significant ecological damage, and lack additionality because efficiency improvements are driven by fuel cost minimization rather than CDM support.

Carbon Market Watch argues that the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is in a precarious state due to a severe supply-demand imbalance, with Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs) prices dropping over 90% in 18 months to approximately Euro 0.4. The organization asserts that at these price levels, implementing new additional projects is impossible. To ensure a viable future for the CDM, Carbon Market Watch recommends fundamental reforms focusing on additionality requirements, shorter crediting periods, the protection of human rights, sustainable development contributions, increased civil society participation, the establishment of a grievance mechanism, and improvements to the CDM Executive Board's conduct.

The document is an open letter from civil society networks and affected citizens calling on UNFCCC delegates at COP19 to ensure that carbon markets do not undermine climate goals. It demands the prevention of the Framework for Various Approaches (FVA) pilot phase, the establishment of accounting rules to avoid double counting, and the exclusion of non-additional projects and fossil fuel financing from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).

The document is an open letter addressed to ministers and delegates of UNFCCC signatory states, urging them to adopt ambitious climate protection measures and stop the use of emissions trading to weaken climate commitments. The signatories, representing 33 countries, demand the rejection of a pilot phase for emissions unit trading under the Framework for Various Approaches (FVA), the prevention of double counting, and the exclusion of non-additional projects and coal from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). They also call for the cessation of fossil fuel subsidies and the implementation of human rights safeguards in climate projects.

The document calls for the establishment of clear, equitable mitigation commitments to maintain a 2°C warming limit and requests the rejection of a pilot phase for trading carbon market units under the Framework for Various Approaches (FVA). It advocates for an international accounting framework to prevent double counting, the exclusion of non-additional projects and coal power from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), and the implementation of human rights safeguards for mitigation projects under the CDM, Green Climate Fund, and NAMAs.