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Climate finance for agrifood systems is critically low, representing only 4.3% of total project-level climate finance in 2019/20. The report highlights a massive investment gap, noting that current flows must increase at least sevenfold to meet conservative transition needs. While agriculture and forestry dominate project-level funding, essential mitigation areas like food loss and low-carbon diets are severely underfunded. The analysis reveals a heavy reliance on public funding (85%) and significant geographic disparities, with East Asia and the Pacific receiving the most finance, while South Asia and Latin America remain underserved relative to their emissions and vulnerability. The report advocates for repurposing harmful agricultural subsidies and leveraging private capital to scale climate-resilient and low-carbon food systems.

The RHL project targets 362,475 direct beneficiaries in the coastal districts of Satkhira, Khulna, Bagerhat, Barguna, Patuakhali, Bhola, and Cox’s Bazar. It focuses on three primary outcomes: reducing asset and life loss through the construction of 3,000 climate-resilient houses with raised plinths; enhancing livelihood resilience by promoting salinity-tolerant vegetable cultivation, goat/sheep rearing in slatted houses, and the establishment of a sustainable, hatchery-based crab supply chain; and improving local climate planning through the formation of 3,200 Climate Change Adaptation Groups (CCAGs). The project is implemented by the Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation (PKSF) as both the Accredited Entity and Executing Entity, utilizing a blend of GCF grants and PKSF loans.

The document evaluates Nigeria's climate adaptation landscape, contrasting high-level national policy frameworks with iterative, indigenous practices at the local level. While Nigeria has established ambitious frameworks like the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), implementation is hindered by a 'top-down approach' that excludes local stakeholders, alongside gaps in finance, technology, and capacity. Case studies in Ogun, Lagos, and Anambra states demonstrate that local communities are already implementing Nature-based Solutions (NbSs) and traditional adaptation methods—such as biogas production from cassava waste and the use of bitter leaf juice in aquaculture—that align with national goals despite a lack of formal policy awareness. The authors argue that integrating these locally-led initiatives into national frameworks is essential to prevent climate impacts from increasing GDP losses from 5% to 30% by 2050.

The document outlines a regional readiness program for 11 ECOWAS Member States to enhance their ability to mobilize climate finance for the agricultural sector. It focuses on operationalizing a climate unit within the ECOWAS Commission, developing a pool of regional climate finance experts, and creating a digital library of climate-smart agricultural practices. The program aims to bridge the gap between the colossal financial needs for climate adaptation in West African agriculture—estimated at $162 billion—and the actual funding received, while ensuring gender-responsive risk assessments and the alignment of regional policies like ECOWAP with the Paris Agreement.

The 2022 baseline assessment by WWF reveals that most asset managers fail to address seafood-related E&S risks, with an average score of 13% across 38 sub-indicators. While many acknowledge biodiversity risks generally, very few have actionable policies or specific expectations for seafood investee companies. The report recommends that asset managers formalize biodiversity risk statements into policies, regularly review seafood investments against sustainable blue economy principles, and develop SMART sustainability targets.

WWF-Singapore's 2022 baseline assessment of 41 banks reveals that while over half recognize E&S risks in the seafood sector, only 20% have disclosed specific sector policies. The average score across 34 sub-indicators was 17%, with European banks showing the most robust policies and Asian and North American banks lagging. The report finds that expectations for wild-catch production are the most developed, while aquaculture and downstream requirements are lacking. WWF recommends that banks align policies with UNEP FI Sustainable Blue Economy Finance Initiative guidance, integrate seafood risks into broader thematic policies, and develop targeted 'blue' financial products.

The report argues that while Nigeria has comprehensive national adaptation frameworks, there is a significant gap between high-level policy and local implementation. It highlights that locally led adaptation (LLA) is already occurring through community-driven initiatives in biogas production, aquaculture, and erosion control, but these efforts are hindered by a lack of finance, technical capacity, and political will. The authors advocate for a shift from 'top-down' approaches to those that empower frontline communities to lead the design and monitoring of adaptation actions.

WWF is implementing a three-pronged strategy to address ESG risks in the seafood sector through an investor collaboration with partners like the FAIRR Coller Initiative and UNEP FI, the publication of actionable guidance for banks and asset managers, and the provision of a 'Seafood Sustainability 101' e-learning course for finance professionals.

The report assesses the socioeconomic conditions of women and youth in The Gambia's fishery and agriculture sectors to inform a gender-responsive climate resilience project. It identifies significant barriers for women, including widespread illiteracy, limited decision-making power, and restricted access to productive assets, which hinder their ability to adapt to climate change. While women dominate the fishery labor force (approximately 80%), they are largely confined to low-profit domestic markets. The document outlines a Gender Action Plan to improve decision-making parity, provide literacy and numeracy training, and implement safeguards against sexual exploitation, abuse, and harassment (SEAH) and gender-based violence (GBV).

The report examines GHG emissions from shrimp aquaculture, noting a wide range of intensities (2 to 99 kgCO2e/kg retail product) driven by production methods, feed, and land-use change. It highlights that while intensive systems are more common and generally less GHG-intensive per unit, the conversion of mangroves for extensive ponds creates massive emissions. Key mitigation opportunities include improving feed conversion ratios (FCR), adopting conversion-free feed, and transitioning to renewable energy.

The document argues that blue economy incubators and accelerators are essential mechanisms for nurturing ocean-based businesses and incentivising blue finance in Africa. It highlights the importance of multi-stakeholder partnerships, the integration of these programmes into maritime clusters, and the use of blended finance to de-risk private investment. The brief provides examples of existing initiatives, such as OceanHub Africa and various global accelerators, to illustrate how these models can support sustainable aquaculture, climate action, and blue-tech solutions.

The report argues that krill fishing is inherently unsustainable as it threatens a fragile ecosystem already stressed by climate change. It highlights the dominance of Aker BioMarine in the market and identifies numerous European retailers and aquaculture companies that use krill-based feed or sell krill oil supplements. The document criticizes the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certification for failing to account for climate change and predator impacts, and calls for an immediate moratorium on krill fishing.

The report argues that krill fishing is inherently unsustainable as it threatens a fragile ecosystem already stressed by climate change. It highlights the dominance of Aker BioMarine in the market and identifies numerous European retailers selling salmon fed with krill meal. The document criticizes the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certification for ignoring climate change effects and calls for an immediate moratorium on krill fishing.

The report details how krill fishing, dominated by Aker BioMarine, exacerbates climate-driven threats to the Antarctic ecosystem by competing with key predators for food. It exposes a lack of transparency in supply chains, where krill meal is used in aquaculture feeds sold by major European retailers, and krill oil is widely sold as dietary supplements. The document criticizes the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certification for ignoring climate change and predator impacts, and calls for an immediate moratorium on krill fishing.

Natural Justice critiques the South African Oceans Economy Master Plan to 2035, stating it lacks concrete analysis on greenhouse gas mitigation and contradicts global scientific consensus by proposing offshore oil and gas exploration. The commentary highlights a 'troubling absence' of biodiversity considerations and fails to address the needs of small-scale and subsistence fishers. It further argues that the plan's job creation claims lack factual support and that the public participation process was flawed, excluding many marginalized coastal communities.

The WWF-US Oceans team aims to establish nature-positive seascapes by integrating science-based design, community-led management, and innovative blue finance. The strategy focuses on climate adaptation and resilience, targeting the recovery of marine resources and the security of 100 million people by 2030. Key interventions include the use of nature-based solutions—specifically prioritizing mangroves, fish, seaweed, and aquaculture—and the development of blended finance mechanisms like a Fishery Improvement Fund to ensure long-term sustainability.

The report details the outcomes of a five-year partnership between WWF South Africa and Woolworths, highlighting achievements in sustainable seafood sourcing, water stewardship in key catchments, regenerative agriculture, and the reduction of food waste and plastic pollution.

The report evaluates 33 major European retailers on their aquaculture procurement practices. It finds a systemic failure to address ecological and social challenges, with 76% of retailers falling into a 'red zone' of insufficient action. Key failures include a lack of targets to eliminate wild-catch fishmeal and fish oil (FMFO) from feed, inadequate fish welfare monitoring, and poor transparency regarding the origin of products. While some UK and French retailers show slight progress, retailers in Spain, Austria, and Switzerland performed particularly poorly.

The report finds that the majority of European retailers are failing to implement substantive policies for sustainable aquaculture. Three-quarters of the 33 retailers assessed were placed in the 'red zone', with none achieving 'frontrunner' status. Key failures include a lack of targets to eliminate wild-caught fish from feed, inadequate fish welfare protections, and poor transparency in labelling and sourcing. While UK retailers showed more progressive approaches in feed and welfare, and some French and German retailers joined industry initiatives, Spanish retailers performed the worst, with all 11 assessed companies landing in the red zone.

The report evaluates 33 major European supermarket chains across six countries on three priority areas: the elimination of wild fish in aquaculture feed, the monitoring of fish mortality, and supply chain transparency. The findings indicate a widespread failure to implement responsible practices, with 76% of retailers falling into the 'red zone' due to a lack of relevant policies. While some UK and French retailers show more progress, no company achieved the 'at the forefront' status. The report highlights the negative externalities of the industry, such as the extraction of over half a million tonnes of fish from West African waters annually for feed, which undermines local food security.