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The 'State of Global Environmental Governance 2024' report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes the intersection of environmental governance and a global 'polycrisis' characterized by geopolitical instability, climate disasters, and financial crises. It highlights a trend toward 'greenlash' and the increasing role of international courts in enforcing environmental commitments, while noting that global governance remains largely siloed across the Rio Conventions and other multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs).

This case study by the International Institute for Sustainable Development details the Government of Canada's efforts to reform and phase out fiscal subsidies for fossil fuel exploration and development, primarily through the adjustment of tax expenditures between 2011 and 2022.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the potential impacts of World Trade Organization (WTO) fisheries subsidy rules, using shrimp fisheries in the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) as a case study. It analyzes how subsidies contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, the prevalence of illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, and the varying economic dependence of industrial versus artisanal fleets on public support.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes the financial and environmental impact of butane gas subsidies in Morocco and proposes a 'swap' reform. This strategy involves reducing fossil fuel subsidies and reinvesting the savings into clean energy technologies, specifically solar pumping for agriculture and solar water heaters for households, to facilitate a socially acceptable energy transition.

This briefing, submitted as written evidence to an International Development Committee Inquiry, outlines the findings of the 'Trade, Aid and Security' initiative. The document argues that while trade and aid are intended to support security and sustainable development, they can instead undermine stability if not designed with conflict sensitivity. It proposes six key policy objectives to ensure that international trade and development assistance contribute to peacebuilding rather than fueling violent conflict, particularly in fragile states dependent on natural resources.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development argues that international security in the 21st century has shifted from state-on-state military conflict to 'human security', where threats include terrorism, climate change, and resource conflict. The author contends that current international trade and aid policies, often designed by wealthy nations, can systematically undermine peace and development in poor states by reinforcing power disparities and creating economic instability.

This infographic from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) outlines ten key points regarding electricity subsidies in Indonesia, highlighting inefficiencies in targeting, the financial burden of subsidies, and the challenges of implementing reform.

This policy brief examines China's strategic pursuit of natural resources and its expanding investment footprint in the Mekong region, specifically in Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. It details China's shift toward securing raw materials through direct investment and state-backed financing, while highlighting the resulting environmental and social risks for host countries.

This policy brief examines China's expanding economic role in the Mekong region, specifically its investments in natural resources, energy, and infrastructure in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. It highlights China's strategic shift toward securing foreign resources to fuel its domestic industrial growth and the resulting environmental and social challenges in host countries.

This discussion paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes the rise of unsolicited proposals (USPs) in infrastructure procurement. It synthesizes findings from a Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) report, highlighting the risks USPs pose to transparency and value-for-money, and provides recommendations for governments to establish robust management frameworks. The paper specifically examines the tension between the expediency of USPs and the principles of sustainable public procurement (SPP), which emphasizes life-cycle costs and strategic needs analysis.

This briefing by the Institute for Security Studies argues that the Green Climate Fund (GCF) represents a critical opportunity to reform international climate finance by addressing systemic biases toward large-scale mitigation and a lack of gender-responsiveness. The authors emphasize that poor rural women, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, are disproportionately affected by climate change but remain underfunded due to structural discrimination and a preference for high-tech projects over community-level initiatives.

The document is a report on the role of the African Union (AU) African Standby Force (ASF) African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA)合い a framework for peace and security in Africa. It discusses the operationalization of the ASF, its components, and the challenges it faces in achieving full operational capacity. The report emphasizes the need for sustainable funding, improved coordination between the AU and regional economicS

This report examines irregular migration from North Africa to Europe and the specific economic and socio-political challenges facing Egypt, including the impact of security-focused border policies and resource scarcity.

This introductory text for Monograph 6, edited by Hussein Solomon, examines the intersection of water scarcity and security, with a specific focus on Southern Africa. It argues that dwindling fresh water resources, coupled with rapid population growth, increase the risk of resource-based conflict, while suggesting that regional cooperation and frameworks like the SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourse Systems offer a path toward stability.

This research paper by Dr David Fig examines the failure of South Africa's Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) project and critiques the government's continued commitment to nuclear power despite issues with governance and public policy.

This briefing by the Institute for Security Studies argues that the European Union's proposed priority areas for the Africa-EU strategy do not sufficiently reflect African priorities, specifically those outlined in the Abidjan Declaration and Agenda 2063. The authors urge African negotiators to push for a more holistic, people-centred approach that prioritises poverty eradication, healthcare systems, transport infrastructure, and internet access, while using the COVID-19 pandemic as a catalyst for debt relief and increased health support.

This monograph introduces the Human Security Project (HSP) launched by the Institute for Defence Policy (IDP), which seeks to redefine security in Southern Africa by shifting focus from state-centric military strength to human-centric threats. The project examines the socio-economic, political, and environmental drivers of regional insecurity, with a specific emphasis on population movement and the necessity of regional integration to address transnational challenges.

This policy brief examines the impact of small-scale photovoltaic (PV) adoption on municipal revenue in South Africa's Western Cape and proposes a sequential policy approach involving advanced metering infrastructure, smart grid investment, and local PV manufacturing to mitigate financial losses.

The Peace and Security Council Report No 176 analyzes the outcomes of the 38th AU Summit in February 2025, focusing on leadership transitions, the chairship of Angola, and the ongoing challenges of the 'Silencing the Guns' agenda. It highlights the election of Mahamoud Ali Youssouf as AUC chair and the debate over rotational versus permanent membership in the AU Peace and Security Council (PSC).

This policy brief examines the 1973 Lokiriama Peace Accord, an unwritten indigenous agreement between the Turkana of Kenya and the Matheniko of Uganda. The author argues that this community-centred, culturally sensitive approach to conflict resolution is more durable than modern, state-led interventions, which often focus on punishment rather than reconciliation. The document recommends that governments in the Karamoja Cluster integrate traditional governance structures into their peacebuilding strategies to address persistent intercommunal violence and the impacts of climate change.