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The report examines the environmental consequences of unsustainable lifestyles, particularly in industrialised nations, and explores the interplay between sustainable production and consumption. It evaluates accounting methods like Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) models to capture embedded emissions in trade, argues for an equitable global burden-sharing framework for climate mitigation, and analyses the psychological and institutional drivers of consumer behaviour. Key findings highlight the 'rebound effect' where efficiency gains are offset by increased consumption, and the potential of the 'functional economy' to reduce resource throughput via product lifetime optimisation and product-service systems.

The document examines water scarcity in the Mekong Region, highlighting a governance structure often dominated by top-down authority and a lack of enforceable water allocation rights. It notes that urban and industrial needs are typically prioritized over agriculture, leaving vulnerable groups—particularly women and the rural poor—at higher risk. The briefing also discusses the influence of international financial institutions and political motivations on irrigation infrastructure and the projected impacts of climate change, including increased temperature and seasonal rainfall uncertainty, which threaten agricultural productivity and food security.

The document examines the transition from incremental urban adaptation to transformative climate adaptation, which focuses on systemic changes to address equity and climate justice challenges to ensure inclusive and resilient urban futures.

The paper examines the treatment of uncertainty in UNFCCC long-term climate strategies, identifying common sources of uncertainty and evaluating current handling methods. It advocates for a model-assisted quantitative approach to scenario analysis to better identify policy-relevant pathways and reduce the vulnerability of long-term strategies.

The document introduces a comprehensive guide for U.S. policymakers on implementing a national carbon price. It focuses on the design and economic effects of carbon taxes and cap-and-trade programs, arguing that carbon pricing should be a core element of the U.S. strategy for greenhouse gas emission reductions while noting its potential to serve non-climate policy goals such as tax code reform.

The document outlines a framework for developing an international climate change regime, defined as the collective of international, national, and sub-national institutions and actors. It analyzes various proposals based on five key design issues: increasing ambition both within and outside the UNFCCC, sharing mitigation efforts, tracking country performance, and the legal form of future agreements. Each approach is evaluated against the criteria of adequacy, equity, and implementation, with the authors noting that these approaches are intended to be complementary.

The paper examines the implementation of 'climate-informed' Article IV surveillance by the IMF, identifying gaps in current climate topic coverage and barriers to systematic integration. It argues that incorporating relevant data and experts into risk assessments and consultations will provide more coherent guidance for member countries.

The document analyzes 26 submissions from 14 Parties and 12 Observers to the SBSTA concerning the design and implementation of a safeguard information system (SIS) for REDD+. To clarify the diverse inputs, the World Resources Institute and ClientEarth categorized the submissions into four areas: the role of the SIS, the type of information required, methods for collecting and providing information, and other elements of the international safeguard system.

The paper argues that while women are central to agriculture and climate adaptation in Africa, they are often excluded from decision-making and resources due to sociocultural norms and policy gaps. It proposes seven enabling factors—ranging from flexible finance and resource control to confronting restrictive norms—to move beyond simple participation toward gender-transformative locally led adaptation (LLA). The authors recommend that funders provide patient, flexible funding of at least five years and invest in long-term relationships with women-led organizations to foster structural social change and climate resilience.

The document argues that Jamaica's coral reefs provide critical economic benefits through tourism, fisheries, and shoreline protection, but these services are threatened by local pollution, overfishing, and global climate change. It advocates for the use of economic valuation to inform policy and emphasizes the need for sustainable fishing and coastal management to prevent economic losses from reef degradation.

The report examines the environmental impacts of different meat production systems and warns that "better meat"—often defined by social or ethical attributes—can counterintuitively result in higher environmental impacts per kilogram of protein. To mitigate this, the report advises companies to prioritize shifting toward plant-based foods and alternative proteins, and to further reduce meat volumes if "better meat" strategies increase overall emissions.

A rapid umbrella review of literature on transitioning pasture to silvopasture in the eastern United States finds that while tree carbon may increase, forage and livestock productivity often decrease, potentially leading to land-use leakage that undermines net climate benefits.

The paper analyzes over 70 evaluation materials and 374 projects to assess the prevalence and effectiveness of locally led climate adaptation. It finds that while many projects involve local actors, very few grant them actual decision-making power over finance and design. The authors identify key enablers of success, such as flexible funding and investment in local institutional capacity, while highlighting barriers like low funder accountability and insufficient direct funding to the local level. The document argues for a shift from treating local actors as beneficiaries to treating them as agents of change through devolved finance and iterative program design.

The report analyzes the challenges and enablers of climate assemblies, arguing that their effectiveness depends on early design decisions and their integration into formal policymaking to move beyond one-off processes.

The paper introduces the Triple Dividend of Resilience (TDR) framework, which categorizes adaptation benefits into avoided losses (first dividend), induced economic/development benefits (second dividend), and social/environmental benefits (third dividend). It finds that the second and third dividends often exceed the value of avoided losses and can result in benefit-cost ratios greater than 1 independently of whether a disaster occurs. The author argues that fully quantifying these dividends can help mobilize public and private finance and suggests five strategies to standardize TDR analysis, including growing the evidence base and improving data collection.

The paper examines food loss and waste in India, noting that post-harvest losses were valued at INR 926.51 billion in 2014. It identifies a lack of standardized measurement metrics and a scarcity of empirical research on household-level food waste and the social, economic, and environmental impacts of food loss. The authors recommend adopting the global Food Loss and Waste Accounting and Reporting Standard and establishing a multi-stakeholder action coalition to prioritize research and policy implementation.

The document introduces a research paper examining the role of sovereign parametric insurance and regional risk pools (CCRIF, ARC, and PCRIC) in the disaster risk finance architecture for developing countries. It aims to assess how these instruments are deployed across different risk layers, the extent of government utilization, and their impact on protecting poor and vulnerable people, based on a literature review and consultations with 75 stakeholders.

The paper argues that women in Tanzania and Mozambique are disproportionately harmed by large-scale land investments in agribusiness, extractives, and logging due to a lack of formal land rights and their subordinate roles in society. It finds that current legal frameworks fail to protect women, who are often bypassed in compensation payments and excluded from decision-making processes. The authors recommend mandating compensation for all household members, ensuring replacement land is held jointly, and implementing gender quotas in governance bodies to ensure women's meaningful participation.

The document argues that the success of nature-based solutions (NbS) depends on the inclusion of women, yet gender dynamics are often overlooked in favor of biophysical or technical analysis. It examines four specific NbS approaches—natural climate solutions, forest landscape restoration, ecosystem-based adaptation, and payments for ecosystem services—and uses case studies of PES projects to provide recommendations for increasing rural women's agency in climate-resilient agroecosystems.

The paper argues that climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is often ineffective at benefiting women because it focuses on technical solutions while ignoring the social norms and institutional biases that hinder women's participation. It emphasizes that for CSA to be effective, it must move beyond technical approaches to incorporate gender and social equity as primary objectives, addressing both practical needs—such as labor-saving devices and climate information—and strategic needs, including secure land rights and leadership opportunities. The document recommends institutionalizing contextual analysis of social norms, diversifying project staff, and engaging women as equal stakeholders in the design and implementation of agricultural adaptation strategies.