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The Noise Control Regulations, issued under Section 25 of the Environment Conservation Act, 1989, establish a legal framework for managing noise pollution in South Africa. The regulations define 'disturbing noise' and 'noise nuisance,' grant local authorities broad enforcement powers, and set specific decibel limits for vehicles and buildings in 'controlled areas.' They also prohibit certain noise-generating activities in residential areas during specific times and outline penalties for non-compliance.

This editorial, published by the Rocky Mountain Institute, argues that stabilizing the global climate is not only possible but profitable through the application of advanced resource efficiency in energy, farming, and forestry. It contends that the costs of climate abatement are often overestimated by econometricians and that market failures, rather than a lack of cost-effective technology, prevent the widespread adoption of these solutions.

This memorandum examines the conflicts between free trade policies, which aim for efficient resource allocation by markets, and environmental policies, which aim to manage and maintain the earth's resources. It specifically analyzes the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and other trade agreements to identify frictions with international environmental agreements and domestic laws, seeking options to reconcile these legal relationships.

The 1992 Agreement Establishing the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research creates a regional network of cooperating research entities dedicated to studying the natural and human-induced alterations of the Earth system. The Institute focuses on interdisciplinary research, the exchange of scientific data, and providing information to governments to support public policy regarding global change.

The 1992 Agreement for the Creation of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) establishes a regional network of entities dedicated to interdisciplinary research on global change, focusing on the Americas. The agreement outlines the Institute's objectives, its scientific agenda, its governance structure, and its financial mechanisms.

The Declaration of Montevideo, signed between 12-14 May 1992, establishes the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) as a regional network to coordinate scientific and economic research on global change in the Americas.

The Declaration of Montevideo, signed between May 12 and 14, 1992, establishes the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) as an international instrument to promote scientific and economic research cooperation on global change across the Americas.

This 1992 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute evaluates the technical, financial, and socio-economic impacts of rural electrification projects implemented by the Tanzania Electric Supply Company (TANESCO). The study finds that while electrification has provided substantial individual benefits—such as improved lighting and security—it has largely failed to achieve wider macro-economic goals, including the promotion of agro-industry and the reduction of deforestation. The report highlights severe financial losses in isolated diesel-powered areas, low supply reliability, and administrative weaknesses, recommending a restructuring of TANESCO's organization and a revision of tariff policies to improve sustainability.

This case study describes the internal conflict faced by The AES Corporation in 1987, as its leadership sought to reconcile a 'least-cost' energy production strategy with a corporate value system prioritizing social responsibility and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions.

The AES Corporation, an independent power producer, faced a conflict between its 'least-cost' strategy—which relied on coal—and its commitment to social responsibility. To address the projected 15 million tons of carbon emissions from its Thames plant in Connecticut, the company evaluated several offset options, including energy conservation, carbon scrubbing technology, and reforestation in tropical developing countries, while also considering a long-term strategic shift toward natural gas or renewables.

This case study abstract describes a proposal by Sheryl Sturges to The AES Corporation to fund a reforestation project in a tropical developing country to offset carbon dioxide emissions from the Thames power plant.

This case study describes the implementation of a reforestation project inSSS by The AES Corporation in Guatemala to offset carbon dioxide emissions from its Thames power plant, as well as the company's subsequent creation of a Sustainability Task Force to evaluate long-term fuel alternatives to coal.

This case study examines Esprit de Corp's efforts to integrate environmental sustainability into its business model through the creation of 'Ecollection,' a specialized women's clothing line. It details the company's transition from a high-growth 1980s fashion brand to one attempting to balance profitability with social and environmental responsibility, highlighting the technical and financial challenges of organic textile production and the complexities of marketing 'green' products to skeptical consumers.

This case study examines the legal and environmental controversies surrounding Mobil Chemical Company's introduction of 'degradable' Hefty garbage bags in 1989. It details the gap between consumer expectations of plastic degradability and the reality of landfill conditions, leading to lawsuits by seven U.S. states and the FTC for deceptive advertising.

The research paper "The Negawatt Revolution: Electric Efficiency and Asian Development" argues that Asian development is hindered by the adoption of inefficient electrical equipment and a utility business model focused on increasing sales rather than customer satisfaction. The authors contrast this with a shift in the U.S. utility sector toward "negawatts"—saving electricity through efficiency and renewables—which is presented as a significantly cheaper and more sustainable alternative to building new power plants.

This 1989 research paper by Amory B. Lovins of the Rocky Mountain Institute argues for the creation of markets in resource efficiency to combat the economic tendency to treat natural resource depletion and pollution as free goods. Lovins proposes treating saved resources—such as 'negawatts' of electricity—as commodities that can be traded, auctioned, and hedged, providing a market-based alternative to regulatory mandates. He asserts that efficient technology is generally cheaper than producing new resources, creating a significant profit opportunity for those who sell efficiency rather than the resource itself.

The Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act 43 of 1983 (and its associated regulations) provides a legal framework for the protection of agricultural resources in South Africa. It establishes mandatory control measures to prevent soil erosion, waterlogging, and salination, regulates the use of veld and the management of veld fires, and creates a classification system for combating weeds and invader plants. The document also outlines the administrative functions of conservation committees and the technical specifications for soil conservation beacons.

This case study examines a legal dispute between Simmer and Jack Mines Ltd and GF Industrial Property Co (Pty) Ltd regarding the ownership of a mine dump on a portion of the farm Elandsfontein. The court focused on whether the mine dump constituted movable or immovable property to determine if ownership rights had been reserved during a land sale.

The Nature and Environmental Conservation Regulations, issued on August 29, 1975, establish a comprehensive legal framework for the management of provincial nature reserves, the captivity of wild animals, the hunting of protected species, and the regulation of inland waters and flora. The document details strict requirements for cage sizes, permit systems for professional hunters, and specific prohibitions against activities that could damage the environment or disturb fauna within protected areas.

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement established to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. It implements a system of three Appendices to categorize species based on the level of protection required, utilizing a permit and certificate system managed by designated national Management and Scientific Authorities.