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A guide by the Stockholm Environment Institute detailing the carbon dioxide emissions associated with Christmas consumption and providing a target for reducing that impact.

This document is a highlights summary of a report by Friends of the Earth International analyzing the global performance of genetically modified (GM) crops between 1996 and 2006. It argues that GM crops have failed to provide superior yields, reduce pesticide use, or alleviate poverty and hunger, while noting significant public opposition in Europe and instances of environmental contamination.

This research paper by Pedro Roffe examines the challenges developing countries face when implementing intellectual property (IP) provisions within bilateral and regional free trade agreements (FTAs). It analyzes the shift from the flexible pre-TRIPS era to a 'TRIPS-Plus' environment, where developed nations—particularly the USA, EU, and EFTA—push for higher protection standards. The author argues that developing countries should move beyond defensive implementation toward a creative approach that modernizes national institutions and utilizes existing legal flexibilities to promote local innovation and public health.

A 2007 guide by CIEL that explains the structure and functioning of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to help civil society organizations participate in intellectual property discussions. It critiques WIPO's historical focus on expanding IP protections at the expense of sustainable development goals, specifically regarding access to medicines, food security, and traditional knowledge.

This 2007 guide by the Center for International Environmental Law explains how local communities can use the Overseas Private Investment Corporation's (OPIC) Accountability Mechanism to address negative impacts from OPIC-supported projects. It details two complaint paths—Compliance Review and Problem-Solving—outlining eligibility, filing requirements, and the process for investigation and resolution. The guide also describes OPIC's project categorization system, including 'Category F' projects which are categorically prohibited due to severe environmental or social risks.

This research paper argues that the U.S. federal Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) of 1976 has failed to effectively manage industrial chemicals, leading many U.S. states to enact their own stricter regulations. The author contends that this state-level activism, combined with international regulatory trends—specifically in the European Union—is creating the necessary political pressure for a comprehensive overhaul of federal chemical policy.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) details the proceedings of the 11th session of the WIPO Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore (IGC) held in July 2007. The meeting focused on the protection of Traditional Knowledge (TK) and Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs), resulting in a recommendation to renew the IGC mandate for two years without a definitive agreement on a binding legal instrument.

This research paper by John Drexhage of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) argues that global climate governance must evolve beyond a state-centric, environment-department-led model to better integrate environmental and development policies. The author critiques the top-down target-setting of the Kyoto Protocol and proposes a more flexible, sector-based approach to mitigation that engages industry and major economies more realistically. The paper emphasizes that a successful post-2012 regime requires a strong commitment to a development agenda for the Global South, leveraging official development assistance (ODA), foreign direct investment (FDI), and synergies between adaptation and mitigation to alleviate poverty.

This research paper proposes and applies a quantitative methodology to measure policy coherence among Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Using content analysis of strategy documents, the authors develop a Policy Coherence Matrix (PCM) to evaluate the degree of integration across goals, instruments, and actors.

This report summarizes a two-day workshop held in Geneva on April 11-12, 2007, which brought together 40 participants to share and discuss climate adaptation tools for international development. The workshop aimed to improve decision-making to reduce risks and identify opportunities associated with climate variability and change, specifically within the context of development assistance.

This executive summary describes the impact and research findings of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) internship program, which aims to develop the next generation of sustainable development leaders through on-the-job experience and international exposure.

This scoping paper, produced for the Trade Ministers’ Dialogue on Climate Change Issues in 2007, examines the multifaceted linkages between trade, investment, and climate change. It analyzes how trade policies influence greenhouse gas emissions, the legal interactions between WTO and UNFCCC frameworks, the physical risks climate change poses to trade infrastructure, and the competitiveness implications of climate regulations.

This scoping paper, produced for the Trade Ministers’ Dialogue on Climate Change Issues in 2007, explores how trade policy tools can support climate change mitigation and sustainable development. It identifies several areas for potential synergy, including the liberalization of trade in low-emission goods, the reform of subsidy rules to support green R&D, the removal of domestic barriers to clean energy investment, the easing of intellectual property restrictions, and the reduction of fossil fuel subsidies.

This report details a seminar titled "Understanding Terrorism in Africa: Building Bridges and Overcoming Gaps," held on 19-20 May 2007 at the University of Cairo, Egypt. Organized by the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) and the Terrorism Studies and Research Program at the University of Cairo, with funding from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the event aimed to address gaps in counter-terrorism efforts and foster partnerships between North and sub-Saharan Africa, as well as between Africa and the West.

In his 2007 Blue Planet Prize acceptance remarks, Amory B. Lovins argues that Japan is uniquely positioned to lead a global transition to benign and affordable energy, provided it overcomes complacency in energy efficiency, leverages its renewable energy potential, adopts distributed generation, and reforms bureaucratic energy policies.

This document is a 2007 web exchange between Prof. Steve Berry, Peter Bradford, and Amory Lovins regarding the viability and role of nuclear power in mitigating climate change. The participants debate the economic competitiveness of nuclear energy versus energy efficiency and 'micropower' (distributed renewables), the risks of proliferation and waste, and the energy needs of rapidly developing nations like China and India.

Amory Lovins argues that the world is entering a transition away from oil driven by the economic superiority of energy efficiency. He highlights the potential for ultralight hybrid vehicles, the role of the U.S. Pentagon in driving material innovation to reduce logistics risks, and estimates that eliminating U.S. oil use by the 2040s would cost $15 per barrel. The text suggests that this shift is already being adopted by companies like Wal-Mart and Boeing.

This report by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) examines the experiences of South African firms operating in Senegal. It describes Senegal as a stable, democratic gateway to Francophone West Africa with a strong macroeconomic profile, though it notes significant business constraints including rigid labour laws, corruption, and limited local disposable income.

This 2007 report by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) and UN-INSTRAW examines the gender dimensions of migration and remittances within the Southern African Development Community (SADC). It highlights the increasing 'feminization' of migratory flows and the critical role of remittances as a household livelihood strategy, while noting a significant lack of sex-disaggregated data and gender-sensitive policies in the region.

This guide, published by the Stockholm Environment Institute for the UNEP Global Programme of Action (GPA), provides an analytical framework, guidelines, and checklists to integrate marine and coastal resource management into national planning and budgetary processes. It emphasizes shifting the narrative from purely regulatory pollution control to demonstrating how sustainable coastal management contributes to national development goals, poverty reduction, and economic growth.