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1,110 documents from RMI
Energy Security facts
The report analyzes the drivers of U.S. energy insecurity, highlighting the high dependence on oil imports from unstable regions and the vulnerability of domestic infrastructure like the Trans-Alaskan Pipeline System. It argues that energy productivity gains since 1975 have been the nation's largest energy 'source' and that further efficiency improvements in light vehicles could displace net imports from the Persian Gulf.
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Document type: Report
An Introduction to Green Building
The document outlines a framework for 'green building' that prioritizes materials with low embodied energy, minimal toxicity, and high recyclability. It argues that the Industrial Revolution's reliance on fossil fuels and non-local materials has stressed global life support systems and degraded indoor air quality. The author recommends specifying low-VOC products, utilizing local masonry or adobe, and considering the high carbon footprint of cement, which accounts for over eight percent of human CO2 emissions worldwide. The guide also compares the energy efficiency and environmental trade-offs between steel and wood framing, while advocating for engineered wood products and reclaimed timbers to protect old-growth forests.
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Document type: Guide
Report of the Integrated Design Charrette
The report details a whole-systems approach to data center design, focusing on reducing 'native loads' (CPUs and servers) to create compounding energy savings upstream in cooling and power systems. It proposes a 'Hyperserver' concept that reduces power from 128W to 21W, advocates for liquid cooling to replace inefficient fans, and recommends onsite AC power generation with the utility grid as backup. The document argues that current industry incentives, such as charging by square footage, are perverse and should be replaced by metrics based on power density and actual lifecycle costs.
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Document type: Report
Green Pays Its Way— Performance-Based Fees
The document details how performance-based fees (PBF) were used at North Clackamas High School to align the financial incentives of architects and engineers with the goal of reducing energy costs. By linking compensation to actual energy savings, the project achieved energy performance 44 percent better than the Oregon Energy Building Code. The case study also highlights the broader benefits of green school design, such as improved student performance through daylighting, and mentions RMI's similar initiatives in Curitiba, Brazil.
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Document type: Case study
NORTH CENTRAL ARIZONA WATER DEMAND STUDY Phase I Report
The North Central Arizona Water Demand Study (Phase I) assesses water demand and supply for 15 non-reservation communities on the Coconino Plateau. In 2000, total demand was approximately 5,842 million gallons, with potable water accounting for 80% and reclaimed wastewater for 16%. The report highlights a significant reliance on groundwater, often from deep and costly wells, and the critical role of wastewater reclamation in communities like Tusayan, where it meets 40% of demand. It identifies a wide disparity in conservation efforts, with Flagstaff having the most extensive program and Page lacking a serious initiative. The document concludes by proposing a Phase II forecasting methodology that uses population projections and water-use models to create baseline, moderate, and aggressive conservation scenarios.
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Document type: Report
Everyday Solutions to Climate Change
The document analyzes the carbon footprint of a typical American single-family home, which it estimates emits 26,028 lbs of CO2 annually. It proposes a tiered strategy of no-cost, low-cost, and long-term investments—such as improving the building envelope, upgrading appliances, and purchasing green power—to reduce these emissions. The author argues that a combination of efficiency retrofits, solar water heating, and carbon offsets can lead a household to net zero emissions, potentially reducing emissions by 68% before applying offsets.
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Document type: Briefing
An Energy Resource Investment Strategy for the City of San Francisco
The report evaluates three energy scenarios for San Francisco: 'Central Generation', 'More Imports', and 'Distributed Resources'. It compares these paths based on capital and operating costs, electricity supply reliability, environmental impacts, and local economic development. The analysis finds that while all scenarios can ensure reliability and allow the closure of the Hunter's Point Power Station, only the 'Distributed Resources' scenario significantly reduces CO2 emissions and promotes environmental equity. The 'Central Generation' path is identified as potentially the least expensive but carries risks related to market power and higher in-city emissions.
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Document type: Report
An Introduction to Green Building
The guide defines green building as a holistic approach to design and construction that optimizes the relationship between a building, its site, and the local climate to reduce resource use. It emphasizes that integrated design—where interdisciplinary teams collaborate early in the process—allows for the downsizing of mechanical systems and the reduction of both capital and operating costs. The text highlights the significant environmental impact of the built environment in the U.S. and suggests that existing technologies can drastically improve resource efficiency. Key strategies discussed include optimizing building orientation, improving the building envelope to manage heat transfer, utilizing daylighting and renewable energy, and implementing rigorous waste reduction and third-party commissioning practices.
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Document type: Guide
The New Business Climate
The document argues that proactive action on climate change can reduce costs, mitigate risks, and create competitive advantages. It outlines short-term strategies like emission tracking and 'no-regrets' energy efficiency, and long-term investments in clean technology and carbon trading. It emphasizes 'whole-systems thinking' to achieve radical resource efficiency and provides case studies of companies like BP, Dow, and Interface that have integrated sustainability into their business models.
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Document type: Guide
Energy Efficiency Survey Aboard USS Princeton CG-59
The report finds that the USS Princeton's cruise-condition electric load of 2 MW could be reduced by 20–50%, potentially lowering total fuel use by 10–25%. The most significant savings are identified in motors, pumps, fans, chillers, and lighting. A critical finding is that current operational practices—specifically running two gas turbine generators (GTGs) in parallel at partial loads—negate approximately 75–80% of the fuel savings that would otherwise result from electrical load reductions. The report recommends transitioning to single GTG operation during routine cruise conditions, implementing Variable-Speed Drives (VSDs), and adopting premium-efficiency equipment. More intensive strategies, including the use of fuel-cell generators and low-speed electric propulsion, could potentially reduce total fuel use by roughly 75%.
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Document type: Report
Grappling with Growth: Building a Strong Economy and Great Place to Live
The document suggests that communities conflicted over growth should distinguish between 'development' (improvements) and 'expansion' (increase in size). It argues that 'natural capitalism' provides a more comprehensive framework than 'smart growth' by focusing on resource productivity, biologically inspired economic models, and reinvestment in natural capital to create jobs and wealth without requiring physical expansion.
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Document type: Research paper
California Dreaming
Amory Lovins argues that the California electricity crisis was caused by botched restructuring and concentrated market power rather than a shortage of generating capacity or soaring demand from the Internet. He provides data from the California Energy Commission to show that per-capita electricity use remained flat for twenty-five years and that peak loads in 2000 did not show a general upward trend. Lovins asserts that the crisis was exacerbated by dominant suppliers strategically withholding power to maintain high prices, and he defends his advocacy for energy efficiency and decentralized renewables as successful policies that would have forestalled the disaster had they not been abandoned in the mid-1990s.
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Document type: Statement
Brittle Power: Energy Strategy for National Security
The authors argue that U.S. energy policy mistakenly focuses solely on imported oil while ignoring the extreme vulnerability of centralized domestic energy infrastructure. They contend that the only effective protection against asymmetric warfare and terrorism is to redesign the energy architecture to be inherently resilient through efficiency, diversity, and distributed renewable options, rather than relying on hardening targets or intelligence.
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Document type: Statement
Battling Fuel Waste in the Military
The document examines systemic fuel waste within the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), highlighting how a lack of activity-based costing leads to the procurement of inefficient weapons platforms. It details how the actual cost of fuel is often understated because the logistics of delivery—such as midair refueling for B-52s or helicopter transport for tanks—are treated as free. The author presents evidence from a Defense Science Board Task Force and a specific study of the USS Princeton to demonstrate that retrofitting existing equipment and redesigning platforms for efficiency could save billions of dollars annually and enhance operational agility.
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Document type: Report
Insurmountable Opportunities?
The document evaluates the state of global sustainability in 2001, highlighting a severe decline in ecosystem services and the rise of 'overshoot.' It identifies five key achievements since the Rio Summit—including the growth of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), civil society, and socially responsible investing—while warning of imminent climate instability, water shortages, and health crises. The authors advocate for 'Natural Capitalism,' a shift toward resource productivity and whole-systems governance, to replace the current industrial model that prioritizes labor productivity over natural capital.
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Document type: Briefing
Clean Renewables and Efficiency, not Coal, are the Key
The authors oppose a proposal by Colorado State Representative Carl Miller to increase coal use, arguing that coal plants are expensive, polluting, and slow to implement. They propose a transition toward energy efficiency, which could save up to 70% of current electricity use, and distributed energy resources including wind, solar, bio-fuels, and fuel cells. The text highlights the success of wind energy programs in Colorado, such as those by Holy Cross Energy and Public Service Company, as evidence of the viability of a free-market approach to clean energy.
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Document type: Statement
La Pine Community Design Charrette
The La Pine Community Design Charrette, facilitated by the Rocky Mountain Institute in April 2000, sought to move away from traditional consultant-led planning by involving residents directly in the design process. The workshop focused on creating a walkable town center, improving pedestrian safety along Highway 97, and establishing a greenbelt system along the Little Deschutes River. Key recommendations include reducing excessive commercial zoning to prevent sprawl and concentrating retail into a viable town center of 50,000 to 75,000 square feet. The report outlines specific locations for prospective projects such as a civic center, health center, and performing arts center, while emphasizing the need for 'Green Development' and sustainable infrastructure like 'Living Machines' for wastewater treatment.
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Document type: Report
Suggested Rules of Engagement
The document outlines ten 'Rules of Engagement' for dominant employers in single-industry towns to foster better community relations. Key recommendations include early collaboration in project design, transparency regarding corporate motives, admitting mistakes immediately without excuses, and maintaining a permanent community presence that does not directly serve company interests.
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Document type: Guide
Critical Thinking for Sustainable Community Decision-Making
The document introduces a community leadership tool designed to improve decision-making by evaluating proposed actions against 15 sustainability factors. It emphasizes the need for diverse participant perspectives and impartial facilitation to ensure a comprehensive analysis of long-term, environmental, and social implications.
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Document type: Guide
DAYLIGHTING: NEW LIFE FOR BURIED STREAMS
The report examines daylighting projects that uncover buried waterways to restore ecological function and urban amenities. It details 18 completed projects in the US, including those in California, Washington, and Illinois, and discusses international examples from Europe and Canada. Key findings highlight that while daylighting can improve water quality, reduce flooding, and increase property values, it faces social fears, institutional hurdles, and technical complexities. The document provides recommendations for project proponents, emphasizing community involvement, expert technical assistance, and a phased approach to implementation.
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Document type: Report