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The document examines how AI can support peacebuilding through early warning systems, digital dialogue, and humanitarian mapping, while warning against risks such as digital surveillance, misinformation, and algorithmic bias. It argues that AI must be treated as a supplementary tool governed by human rights and 'do no harm' principles, emphasizing the need for localized models and cross-sector collaboration to prevent the technology from exacerbating instability in fragile regions.

The document defines a climate change adaptation investment plan (CCAIP) as a detailed set of investment-ready priority activities linked to specific financial sources. It outlines a structured process for developing these plans—including risk assessment, bundling activities into 'packages', and economic appraisal—to bridge the global adaptation finance gap. The briefing distinguishes CCAIPs from broader NAP financing strategies by their narrower scope, higher granularity, and focus on immediate implementation. It identifies key enabling factors such as political leadership (particularly from ministries of finance), institutional arrangements, and the integration of gender equality and social inclusion (GESI). The text also details various domestic and international funding sources and financial instruments, such as green bonds, blended finance, and debt-for-climate swaps, to support these investments.

The document analyzes the prevalence and composition of DDR provisions in 289 peace agreements between 1975 and 2021. It finds that while DDR components are increasingly common, they are rarely implemented as a complete package, with disarmament being the most frequent provision. The brief highlights the critical role of third-party actors, particularly the UN, in supporting comprehensive DDR efforts, and notes a severe lack of explicit provisions for women and child ex-combatants despite international norms.

The document is a global communiqué from March 2025 detailing a consensus among 28 countries to prioritize justice and inclusivity in the energy transition. It emphasizes the insufficiency of current investment levels in developing countries and calls for the use of concessional financing, technology transfer, and country-specific transition plans to eradicate energy poverty and build climate resilience. The signatories commit to fostering domestic manufacturing, diversifying supply chains, and strengthening regional cooperation projects such as Mission 300 and the RELAC Initiative to align national investment with Paris Agreement goals.

The document highlights a critical gap between the estimated loss and damage (L&D) finance needs of developing countries (USD 400 billion to 1.6 trillion per year by 2030) and current pledges to the Fund for responding to Loss and Damage (USD 745 million as of December 2024). It proposes a variety of innovative instruments to generate revenue, categorized by their funding potential and alignment with the 'polluters pay' and historical responsibility principles. High-potential instruments include wealth taxes (up to USD 2 trillion per year) and windfall taxes (up to USD 1 trillion per year). The brief recommends that high-income countries implement these instruments nationally or advocate for global frameworks through forums like the G20, IMF, and the UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation to ensure equitable climate finance.

The report argues that Indonesia's promotion of natural gas as a 'transitional fuel' and the continued financing of gas projects by Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) lock the country into fossil fuel dependence and hinder its climate commitments. It highlights significant environmental, social, and governance risks associated with gas infrastructure, including methane emissions, corruption, and human rights violations, while calling for an immediate shift toward renewable energy.

The report argues that promoting LNG as a 'transition fuel' in Indonesia creates a long-term dependency on fossil fuels and contradicts climate commitments. It highlights that Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), including the World Bank Group and ADB, continue to support gas infrastructure through technical assistance and policy loans despite their public Paris Alignment pledges. The document details numerous negative impacts of gas projects, including corruption in LNG procurement, human rights violations in Aceh, and environmental disasters such as the PHE ONWJ oil spill in Karawang. It concludes that gas is not a clean alternative due to high methane emissions and calls for an immediate shift to truly renewable energy.

The Union of Concerned Scientists finds that the 122 largest fossil fuel and cement producers, termed 'Carbon Majors', are responsible for nearly half of present-day surface temperature increases and nearly one-third of observed global mean sea level rise. The research indicates that past emissions from these entities have already guaranteed an additional 10 to 22 inches of sea level rise by 2300. The document argues that these corporations knowingly misled the public and obstructed climate policy, and it advocates for using legal pathways and multilateral negotiations to hold them financially and legally responsible for climate damages, particularly for vulnerable island nations.

The report identifies a wide array of solutions to reduce agricultural methane, which accounts for approximately half of global anthropogenic methane emissions. Key strategies include improving livestock feed efficiency, using methane inhibitors like 3-NOP and Asparagopsis seaweed, implementing advanced manure treatments such as acidification and solid-liquid separation, and adopting water-management practices in rice cultivation like alternate wetting and drying. The authors emphasize that while many technologies are market-ready, widespread adoption is hindered by financial and regulatory barriers, necessitating stronger government support and private sector engagement.

The document provides a comprehensive guide to debt-for-climate (DFC) swaps, which are financial operations where public debt is cancelled, exchanged, or refinanced in return for policy commitments to invest savings into environmental conservation, mitigation, or adaptation. It distinguishes between official bilateral swaps and trilateral commercial swaps, highlighting recent large-scale examples in Ecuador, Belize, and Seychelles. The primer emphasizes that DFC swaps are most effective when limited fiscal space is the primary barrier to climate investment, rather than in cases of extreme debt distress. It also outlines the critical roles of Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), Policy Development Banks (PDBs), and National Development Banks (NDBs) in providing credit enhancements, monitoring KPIs, and building government capacity.

The document explains that climate-resilient debt clauses (CRDCs) are contractual agreements that allow countries to temporarily postpone debt repayments following natural disasters, providing essential liquidity for emergency response. It details the design of these instruments—including parametric and proxy triggers—and discusses their adoption by Caribbean small island developing states and various multilateral development banks. The guide highlights challenges such as trigger identification and portfolio risk for regional banks, while providing a decision tree to help development finance institutions assess the feasibility of offering CRDCs.

The report finds that an increasing number of Americans perceive global warming as a threat to public health, specifically identifying heat stroke, air pollution, and respiratory issues as growing risks. While 39% believe global warming harms the health of Americans generally, only 16% feel it harms their own health. There is growing recognition of disproportionate impacts on low-income people and people of color. Regarding energy, coal and nuclear power are viewed as the most harmful to health, though perceptions of wind and solar as harmful have slightly increased. Trust in first responders, primary care physicians, and climate scientists remains high as sources of health-related climate information.

In 2024, global prospective utility-scale solar and wind capacity grew by over 20% to 4.4 TW, though this remains only half of the 9 TW required to meet COP28's tripling renewables goal. While at least 240 GW of capacity became operational in 2024, project completion rates vary significantly: 76% in G7 countries, 55% in China, and 52% in other non-G7 countries. China leads in both operating capacity (at least 891 GW) and prospective projects, planning over two-thirds of all future utility-scale solar and wind projects. Conversely, G7 countries hold 45% of global GDP but are building only 10% of planned projects.

The study finds that while the South African Green Finance Taxonomy (SA GFT) shows high international interoperability regarding its 'Make Substantial Contribution' (MSC) pillar and climate change mitigation priorities, it faces significant usability and adoption challenges regarding the 'Do No Significant Harm' (DNSH) and 'Minimum Social Safeguards' (MSS) pillars. The document recommends introducing more flexible classifications, such as an 'eligible vs aligned' system, increasing the use of quantitative thresholds and international standards (e.g., ISO), and integrating national regulations like the B-BBEE Act into the MSS framework to reduce ambiguity and compliance burdens for market participants.

The statement by Friends of the Earth International criticizes current biodiversity financing mechanisms as unjust and insufficient, highlighting how the global financial sector drives nature loss through credits to extractive industries and debt cycles in developing nations. It rejects market-based solutions like biodiversity offsets and green bonds as 'greenwashing' and calls for direct financial support for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs).

The guide explains how climate change influences spring weather, noting that warmer temperatures increase the frequency of large hail and heavy rainfall, while tornado patterns are shifting in location and timing despite complex overall trends.

The statement critiques current biodiversity financing mechanisms as unjust and insufficient, highlighting how the global financial sector drives biodiversity loss through credits to extractive industries and predatory debt cycles. It argues that 'false solutions' like biodiversity offsets and green bonds often facilitate greenwashing or profit from destruction. The document calls for a system change that prioritizes direct funding for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs), who are identified as the most effective conservation actors but the least funded.

The document critiques the current financial mechanisms of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, highlighting how the Global Environment Facility and private finance models perpetuate biodiversity loss. It identifies the role of banks in funding extractive industries and the 'predatory debt' cycles that force developing nations into nature-destroying exports. The author rejects biodiversity offsets and green bonds as 'false solutions' and calls for direct funding mechanisms for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs).

The research argues that climate adaptation should be viewed as a continuum rather than a dichotomy between planned and autonomous responses. By analyzing a global database of 1,682 peer-reviewed articles, the study introduces "mixed adaptation" as a category for responses exhibiting characteristics of both types. The analysis found that over one-third of the studied adaptation responses fall into this mixed category, leading to the development of a qualitative typology featuring nine interaction patterns between autonomous and planned adaptation.

The document examines the systemic failures of carbon offsetting, highlighting that most credits—particularly those for forestry and renewable energy—lack additionality and environmental integrity. It argues that offsetting often leads to an overall increase in emissions by delaying necessary mitigation and allowing continued investment in high-emitting technologies. The briefing concludes that carbon avoidance and reduction offsets have no place in ambitious climate policies, recommending that priority be given to direct emissions cuts and non-market-based climate finance.