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This report by Ember examines the critical role of electricity interconnectors in maintaining European energy security, preventing blackouts, and mitigating the impact of geopolitical conflicts and sabotage. It argues that expanding and securing cross-border grid capacity is a vital element of protecting European society against hybrid warfare and technical failures.

This executive summary outlines a framework for Ukraine's post-war reconstruction, emphasizing the integration of sustainability, resilience, and climate neutrality into governance and infrastructure. It advocates for a unified national green recovery strategy aligned with European Union standards and the enhancement of the Digital Restoration Ecosystem for Accountable Management (DREAM) platform to track environmental performance.

This document provides the sources and methodology for Ember's Europe Electricity Interconnection Data Tool. It details how the tool maps Bidding Zones to countries, calculates interconnection capacity (NTC), estimates import potential, and analyzes electricity flows and variable renewable energy (RES) penetration for 2024 and projected scenarios for 2030 and 2040.

This policy brief summarizes a high-level roundtable hosted by Ember and the Clean Air Task Force during the 20th anniversary GLOBSEC Forum in Prague. The document argues that Europe must redefine energy security by transitioning from fossil fuel dependencies to clean firm power and electrification, while addressing new vulnerabilities in digital infrastructure and critical raw material supply chains.

This report assesses Ukraine's readiness for a green transition across 12 sectors, emphasizing that post-war reconstruction offers an opportunity to implement sustainable development and 'build back better' principles. It identifies critical challenges for the next 3 to 5 years, including the need for high-level governance, workforce reskilling, and integrated land use planning to ensure national resilience and alignment with EU integration goals.

This report, commissioned by the Stockholm Environment Institute and conducted by ACT Global, analyzes public perceptions in Ukraine regarding climate change, environmental protection, and the green transition. Based on a survey of 1,000 individuals, it finds high levels of perceived personal impact from climate change, particularly regarding health, and strong public support for renewable energy development and waste management. While a majority of the population engages in some form of environmental protection, barriers such as financial costs and a perception that such actions are not common persist. The report also evaluates the perceived efficiency of various actors, noting that volunteers and youth are viewed as the most effective contributors to environmental protection.

This briefing by Ember analyzes the energy security landscape of the Three Seas Initiative (3SI) ahead of its 10th annual summit in Warsaw. It argues that while 3SI countries have the infrastructure to fully eliminate Russian gas, there is a significant risk of creating 'stranded assets' through the overexpansion of LNG and pipeline capacity. The document advocates for a shift in focus toward a 2027 Russian gas phase-out, renewable energy deployment, and the creation of a 'Transmission Highway' to move clean power from coastlines to Central Europe.

The 2024 Global Electricity Source Trends report by Ember analyzes global electricity generation across solar, wind, hydro, nuclear, gas, and coal, highlighting record growth in solar and wind alongside fluctuating trends in fossil fuels and nuclear power.

This report by Ember analyzes the European Union's progress toward phasing out Russian gas by 2027. It finds that despite political commitments, Russian gas imports increased in 2024, and the EU is significantly over-investing in gas infrastructure that is likely to be underutilised by 2030. The report argues that the EU is risking a new dependency on volatile global LNG markets and recommends legally binding targets to end Russian gas imports.

An address by Dirco Deputy Minister Alvin Botes detailing South Africa's strategic foreign policy approach amidst a shifting geopolitical landscape. The speech emphasizes non-alignment, the role of multilateralism through BRICS+ and the G20, and the necessity of addressing regional security and climate change to protect national interests.

This research paper by the South African Institute of International Affairs analyzes UN voting patterns on Ukraine as of February 2025. It highlights a divergence between European demands for Russian accountability and the Trump administration's shift toward de-escalation, alongside a more strategic, pragmatic approach by Global South nations seeking diplomatic mediation over binary confrontation.

The Ember report '2024 at a glance' details the EU power sector's performance in 2024, highlighting a record decline in fossil fuel generation and a record high for clean energy sources, which reached 71% of the power mix.

This research paper examines the perceptions and access constraints of users of climate information tools, based on a survey of 343 participants across five European countries.

This report by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) examines the evolution of the G20's agenda regarding food systems and global food security. It details the initiatives of various G20 presidencies, the role of international organisations like the FAO and WFP, and the synergies between G7 and G20 priorities. The document specifically outlines South Africa's priorities during its 2024-2025 G20 presidency, focusing on inclusive growth, climate resilience, and the empowerment of women and youth in agrifood systems.

This research paper examines the human rights records of the BRICS nations, arguing that there is a significant gap between the human rights protections declared in their constitutions and their actual implementation. The authors express concern that the expansion of BRICS to include more autocratic regimes may create a safe haven for governments seeking to avoid Western-led human rights sanctions while pursuing economic and geopolitical dominance.

This briefing summarizes a high-level roundtable discussion hosted by Ember and partners during the PCI Energy Days in Brussels on November 4-5, 2024. The discussion focused on the necessity of an integrated power grid in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) to manage the rise of intermittent renewables, ensure energy security, and facilitate the transit of clean energy from coastal regions to landlocked countries.

President Cyril Ramaphosa's remarks at the G20 Closing and Handover Ceremony in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on November 19, 2024, marking South Africa's assumption of the G20 Presidency. He outlines the theme and priorities for the upcoming year, emphasizing the first time an African country will lead the group.

This briefing examines the implementation of Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanisms (CBAMs), focusing on the European Union's pioneering system and its global repercussions. It analyzes the limited impact of CBAMs on overall emissions reductions compared to domestic carbon pricing, the significant economic risks posed to developing nations, and the resulting fragmented landscape of international trade and climate policy.

An address by Dirco Minister Ronald Lamola outlining South Africa's foreign policy, which emphasizes active non-alignment, the centrality of Africa through Agenda 2063 and the AfCFTA, and solidarity with peoples resisting occupation in Palestine and Western Sahara.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) discusses the integration of sustainability and energy efficiency into the reconstruction of Ukraine's building sector, drawing on lessons from post-disaster recoveries in Bosnia and Croatia.