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The document argues that Indonesia's critical minerals industry, particularly nickel, is characterized by 'green extractivism' where global decarbonization narratives mask local ecological destruction and human rights abuses. It highlights the role of National Strategic Projects (PSN) in bypassing environmental protections and the heavy dominance of Chinese capital and technology in the supply chain. The report documents severe impacts including fatal workplace accidents, massive deforestation in North Maluku, health crises such as spikes in respiratory infections, and the systemic impoverishment of local communities.

Indonesia is experiencing an explosive surge in captive coal power, with total operational and prospective capacity reaching nearly 31 GW. This growth is heavily concentrated in nickel hubs like Central Sulawesi and North Maluku, dwarfing the expansion of the national power grid. The report highlights significant data discrepancies in official JETP mapping and warns that regulatory loopholes in PERPRES 112/2022 allow 'national strategic projects' to bypass coal moratoriums. This trajectory is projected to cause 27,000 additional air pollution-related deaths and USD 20 billion in economic burden, while creating 'sacrifice zones' that risk Indonesia's position in global green supply chains.

The document details a Marine Fuel Oil (MFO) pipeline leak on August 23, 2025, in Desa Lioka, which contaminated 82 hectares of land and 10 km of the Koromusilu River. It highlights a pattern of five oil spills in Luwu Timur since 2009 and links the infrastructure failure to the region's high seismic activity, noting 404 earthquakes along the pipeline route between 2015 and 2025. The report criticizes PT Vale's sustainability commitments as vague regarding MFO reduction and references the company's global history of dam disasters in Brazil.

The document identifies critical areas for the conservation and restoration of ecosystems to mitigate climate risks such as flooding, landslides, and coastal storms in Indonesia. It evaluates three scenarios: unconstrained conservation, infrastructure-impact conservation, and restoration. The analysis reveals that a small percentage of land area provides disproportionately high benefits for millions of people and significant portions of the national road network. Most of these priority areas lie outside existing protected networks, suggesting a need for new regulatory approaches. The brief recommends integrating these findings into national development plans (RPJMN, RPJPN), spatial planning (RTRW), and the 2020-2040 Road Network General Plan, while calling for capacity building and the integration of NbS data into national mapping platforms.

WRI Indonesia's Cities4Forests initiative helped Jakarta implement two new regulations in 2021 regarding tree management and park provision. This collaboration led to the creation of 54 new urban parks since 2022 and the planting of over 65,000 urban trees, specifically targeting underserved areas to mitigate air pollution, extreme heat, and flooding.

Ember's feedback on the JETP CIPP highlights critical gaps in the plan, particularly the exclusion of captive power emissions, which may lead to 2030 emissions exceeding the 290 MT CO2 target. The organization recommends increasing solar targets, reassessing wind deployment locations, and questioning the sustainability and viability of bioenergy. Ember also criticizes the coal retirement timeline, noting that the CIPP's plan to retire only 1.7 GW by 2040 contradicts the Indonesian government's more ambitious goals and the IEA's 1.5 degree scenario. Additionally, the document calls for greater transparency in GFANZ financing, comprehensive risk assessments regarding US political stability, and urgent policy reforms to end coal subsidies and prohibit new coal plants in the industrial sector.

The report identifies systemic irregularities in the Indonesian National Police's procurement of tear gas, including suspected price inflation of up to 30 times the market value, the selection of unqualified vendors, and horizontal collusion between companies. It notes a significant increase in police budgets under President Joko Widodo and a spike in tear gas equipment purchases in 2017, alongside a rising trend of tear gas use against mass protests from 2019 to 2022.

The Koalisi Advokasi Kiba reports a pattern of industrial accidents at PT. Huadi Group in the Bantaeng Industrial Area, including a recent incident where a worker lost a leg. Citing 12 accidents and four deaths between 2020 and 2023, the coalition calls for a temporary halt to production, legal investigations, the ratification of ILO Conventions 155 and 161, and a revision of Law No. 1 of 1970 to increase sanctions for companies violating safety standards.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) Secretariat and Accreditation Panel (AP) assessed PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (PT SMI) for re-accreditation and a scope upgrade. PT SMI demonstrated significant growth in climate financing, increasing its portfolio to USD 976 million by 2021 and committing to phase out fossil fuel financing. The AP recommends re-accreditation with an upgraded scope to include medium-sized projects, equity and guarantees, and high-risk (Category A/I-1) environmental and social (E&S) projects, subject to specific conditions regarding its grievance redress mechanism and external E&S auditing.

The Accreditation Panel (AP) assessed PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (PT SMI), a state-owned Indonesian entity, for GCF accreditation. While PT SMI has a track record in financing renewable energy and climate-resilient infrastructure, the AP found it only 'partially meets' several GCF fiduciary and environmental and social standards due to a recent transition in its business model. Consequently, the AP recommends accrediting PT SMI for 'small' project sizes and 'medium' environmental and social risk (Category B/I-2), rather than the 'large' size and 'high' risk (Category A/I-1) categories requested. Accreditation is conditional upon the applicant fulfilling several requirements, including formalizing its procurement framework, enhancing grant management, and demonstrating full application of its 2016 environmental, social, and gender guidelines.

Trend Asia critiques Indonesia's critical minerals industry, specifically nickel, as a 'green extractivism' model. The report alleges that the government uses National Strategic Project (NSP) status to bypass environmental laws, leading to massive deforestation, toxic pollution from coal-fired power plants, and severe labor abuses. It highlights a heavy dependence on Chinese capital, which it claims creates a vertical monopoly that exports value while leaving ecological and social devastation in Indonesia, including health crises and the loss of food sovereignty.