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The report argues that for transitional justice to be effective in South Sudan, the African Union must move beyond the mere establishment of a hybrid court to support a coordinated, victim-centred strategy. This includes the Commission for Truth, Reconciliation and Healing (CTRH) and the Compensation and Reparation Authority (CRA), alongside traditional reconciliation mechanisms. The authors emphasize that security, psychosocial support, and the inclusion of civil society and the diaspora are essential preconditions for success. Drawing on lessons from other African nations, the report highlights the limitations of international trials and the critical importance of tangible reparations and local ownership to ensure the non-recurrence of violence.

The document outlines the assessment of Rwanda's mining policy framework conducted by the IGF. The process involves evaluating national and international frameworks across six themes—Legal and Policy Environment, Financial Benefit Optimization, Socioeconomic Benefit Optimization, Environmental Management, Post-Mining Transition, and Artisanal and Small-scale Mining (ASM)—to measure the country's readiness to implement international best practices. This assessment serves as the first phase of a project that leads to the development of a government capacity-building program aimed at leveraging mining for sustainable development and poverty alleviation.

The assessment finds that Rwanda possesses a strong legal and regulatory framework for mining, particularly in permitting and the formalization of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). However, it identifies significant gaps in the implementation of these policies, specifically regarding environmental monitoring, socioeconomic impact assessments, and mine closure planning. While the government shows a strong willingness to improve the sector, the report highlights a lack of technical capacity and a need for better integration between the Rwanda Development Board (RDB) and the Ministry of Natural Resources (MINIRENA).

The German G20 presidency focused on 'Shaping an Interconnected World' through initiatives like the Compact with Africa and the Marshall Plan for Africa, aimed at reducing investment risks and addressing migration root causes. However, the 2017 Hamburg summit faced significant tension due to US President Donald Trump's protectionist agenda and withdrawal from the Paris Climate Change Agreement. The author suggests that a broad G20 agenda—covering everything from tax cooperation to the 2030 Agenda—may help Chancellor Merkel find common ground with the US despite deep disagreements on trade and climate.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel sought to establish a 'Compact with Africa' during her 2017 G20 presidency to foster genuine partnerships based on agreed goals and performance standards. The initiative aims to create stable investment environments for infrastructure development while addressing mutual responsibilities in migration, corruption, and counter-terrorism. Key priorities for the compact's success include funding the Green Climate Fund to help African nations adapt to global warming, curbing illicit financial flows—estimated by the AU/UN to exceed $50 billion annually—and utilizing the African Peer Review Mechanism for governance monitoring. The document notes that US reluctance toward multilateralism under Donald Trump complicates these efforts, particularly regarding famine relief and climate finance.

The document explores the evolution of pan-Africanism and the African Renaissance, arguing that because there is no single stipulated African model for governance, institutionalisation should be achieved through localisation of norms and total African ownership of processes and funding.

As of May 2017, the Green Climate Fund (GCF) has engaged with 105 countries on 165 readiness requests, committing or spending a total of USD 34.3 million. The programme focuses on strengthening National Designated Authorities (NDAs), developing country programmes and project pipelines, and supporting the accreditation of direct access entities. Key achievements include the provision of in-kind accreditation support to 102 entities across 55 countries and the development of strategic frameworks in various regions. The report details specific activities in countries such as Tonga, Djibouti, and Namibia, and outlines the establishment of no-objection procedures in 34 countries. Additionally, it highlights regional structured dialogues in Asia and Eastern Europe and Central Asia to facilitate project pipelines and knowledge sharing.

The report assesses executive education in the Sub-Saharan African financial sector, finding that while it generally improves employee skills and organisational prestige, there is a significant gap between theoretical teaching and practical application. It recommends a shift toward 'action-learning' and the establishment of specialised regional training hubs.

The report argues that the UN Security Council has historically prioritised reactive conflict management and peacekeeping over prevention. It identifies significant hurdles to operationalising prevention, including a lack of unified definitions, budgetary discrepancies, and organisational fragmentation. The authors recommend establishing concrete implementation strategies, improving coordination between UN organs and the African Union, and shifting toward structural prevention that addresses the root causes of conflict.

The document argues that while Africa has immense renewable energy potential, its transition to a low-carbon economy is hindered by fragmented governance, inadequate investment, and a reliance on hydrocarbon assets that risk becoming 'stranded'. It highlights the specific challenges in West Africa, where over 57% of the population lacks electricity access despite abundant solar, wind, and hydro resources. Using Nigeria as a case study, the briefing notes a trend toward decentralized solar projects in universities and businesses, but warns that these must be integrated into national grids to avoid inefficient clusters. The authors recommend that African governments prioritize robust, adapted technologies and align country-level actions with regional visions to build climate resilience.

The document examines how decentralisation can enhance citizen engagement in governance, specifically at the regional level. Using South Africa as a primary case study, it argues that while basic participation methods are consistent across government levels, regional effectiveness is often hindered by unclear institutional design, a lack of authority to address demands, and the dominance of party-based political structures. The author evaluates various strategies—such as public hearings, petitions, and participatory budgeting—and concludes that robust participation requires a combination of clear division of responsibilities, adequate resourcing, responsive representation, and the strategic use of technology.

The proposal seeks funding to support the CSE in Senegal through a gap assessment and action plan to ensure compliance with Green Climate Fund (GCF) fiduciary standards, environmental and social safeguards, and gender policies. The total cost for these activities is USD 29,722, including project management and consultant site visits.

As of March 2017, the Green Climate Fund (GCF) has engaged with 111 countries on 172 readiness requests, committing a total of USD 27.4 million. The programme focuses on strengthening national designated authorities (NDAs), supporting the accreditation of direct access entities, and assisting with adaptation planning and strategic frameworks. While 83 requests have been approved (USD 24.2 million), only 48 have seen disbursements (USD 4.5 million). The GCF plans to process approximately 160 new requests in 2017 and is automating its administration through the Fluxx system.

The report argues that insurance promotes growth through two primary channels: risk mitigation (protecting assets and facilitating credit) and intermediation (mobilizing long-term capital for investment). It identifies a four-stage evolution path for insurance markets, noting that most sub-Saharan African countries are currently in the first two stages, where asset insurance dominates and the intermediation-for-growth role is not yet active. The transition to the third stage—retail expansion—is hindered by low income levels, high economic informalisation, and a shortage of actuarial skills. The authors recommend stage-appropriate interventions, such as developing contractual savings solutions for the informal sector and improving domestic professional capacity, to unlock the sector's potential to support capital markets and inclusive growth.

The document examines the OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) package, specifically Action 13, which introduces Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR) to combat profit shifting by multinational enterprises (MNEs). While CbCR aims to increase tax transparency and domestic resource mobilisation, the authors argue that the technical and legislative requirements are onerous for resource-constrained African revenue authorities. The paper discusses the role of technology in bridging information gaps, the specific commitment levels of African states to the CbC Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement (MCAA), and the potential benefits of public disclosure over government-to-government exchange.

The document analyzes Rwanda's unique position as a global leader in female parliamentary representation, attributing this to post-genocide demographic shifts and the 2003 constitutional quota system. While noting significant progress in education and gender-responsive legislation, the authors argue that the impact of female MPs is limited by an increasingly authoritarian executive branch and persistent cultural barriers. The paper highlights a disconnect between Rwanda's top ranking in gender promotion and its low rankings in general human rights and political participation within Africa.

The study finds a positive correlation between education and protest activity across 42 African countries, suggesting that education increases both the motivation to challenge authoritarian regimes and the organizational capacity to stage protests.

The document argues that Belgium and the Netherlands are in breach of international law by exporting high sulfur fuels to West African states, specifically those party to the Bamako Convention. It concludes that these fuels qualify as hazardous wastes under the Bamako Convention and, by extension, under the Basel Convention for countries with monist legal systems. The report asserts that such exports violate the Basel Convention's prohibition on exporting hazardous wastes to parties that have banned their import, breach customary international law by frustrating the treaty's purpose, and violate extraterritorial human rights obligations regarding the right to health.

The report details a July 2017 training workshop for 32 UEMOA member state officials on mining economics, focusing on financial modelling, mineral resource rent sharing, and the analysis of feasibility studies. The program emphasized the importance of using dynamic financial models over static PDF tables to evaluate project profitability and negotiate fair tax regimes. Key discussions covered the risks of stabilization clauses, the potential for signature bonuses, and the shift in perspective toward determining a 'fair rate of return for the investor' as a basis for state revenue sharing.

The document details a training workshop conducted from July 3 to 7, 2017, in Bamako, Mali, for 32 officials from UEMOA member states. Organized by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) and the UEMOA Commission, the training aimed to equip administrators with the tools to critically analyze feasibility studies and economic models to ensure a fair distribution of mining rents between states and companies. Key modules covered project financing, extractive rent sharing, economic modeling (including NPV, IRR, and WACC), and the risks associated with stability clauses. The workshop emphasized that economic models in PDF format are insufficient for decision-making and that focusing on the investor's fair rate of return is a more effective approach to rent sharing than focusing solely on taxation levels.