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This report provides a framework of priority actions for companies across the mining and mineral value chain to halt and reverse forest loss and degradation by 2030. It categorizes the sector into upstream, midstream, and downstream companies, offering specific guidance on nature-positive practices, traceability, and the protection of Indigenous rights to mitigate operational and reputational risks.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the financing of sustainable agriculture in the Brazilian Cerrado, with a specific focus on the Matopiba region. It evaluates the effectiveness of subsidized rural credit and innovative blended finance mechanisms in aligning agricultural production with zero-deforestation and sustainability goals.

This report by Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-RIO) analyzes the financial architecture supporting agriculture in Brazil's Cerrado biome, with a specific focus on the MATOPIBA region. It evaluates the effectiveness of subsidized rural credit and emerging blended-finance instruments in aligning agricultural production with zero-deforestation and sustainability goals.

This executive summary by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes agricultural financing in the Cerrado biome and the Matopiba region. It finds that while financial flows are significant, the current architecture fails to align with sustainability and zero-deforestation goals due to high concentration among large producers and institutions, limited scale of sustainable credit, and insufficient territorial coverage.

A briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics detailing how soy-driven deforestation in Brazil's Cerrado biome reduces regional rainfall and agricultural productivity, creating a paradox where individual farmer profits are outweighed by regional economic losses and global supply chain risks.

This document is a comprehensive legislative directory compiled by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) that lists the federal and state laws, decrees, and normative instructions governing the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA) across various Brazilian states as of 2025.

This 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) provides a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12.651/2012), specifically focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA) across Brazilian states. It details the transition of the National CAR System (Sicar) to a digital public infrastructure managed by Dataprev and the Ministry of Management and Innovation in Public Services (MGI), the adoption of automated analysis tools to accelerate CAR validation, and the persistent challenges in converting validated registries into effective forest restoration through the PRA.

This research paper by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-RIO analyzes the link between subsidized rural credit and deforestation in Brazil from 2020 to 2024. The study finds that a significant portion of public funds is channeled to properties with histories of deforestation, highlighting a misalignment between financial incentives and Brazil's environmental goals.

This 2024 report by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-RIO monitors the implementation of Brazil's Forest Code (Law No. 12,651/2012), specifically focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Compliance Program (PRA). It details the progress of various Brazilian states in registering rural properties, analyzing those registrations, and formalizing environmental recovery through Terms of Commitment (ToC).

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes deforestation within agrarian reform settlements in the Brazilian Amazon. It finds that while settlements cover only 8% of the biome, they accounted for 24% of forest loss in 2023. The study highlights a high concentration of deforestation in a small number of 'critical' settlements and suggests that this loss is likely driven by external actors rather than the settled families, as the scale of clearing is inconsistent with family farming.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-RIO) analyzes deforestation within agrarian reform settlements in the Brazilian Amazon. It finds that while these settlements occupy only 8% of the biome, they accounted for 24% of forest loss in 2023. The analysis reveals a high concentration of deforestation in a small number of settlements and suggests that this loss is driven by external actors rather than the resident settler population, as evidenced by the prevalence of large-scale clearing.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative evaluates the effectiveness of Brazil's ABC Recuperação credit line in recovering degraded pastures, focusing on the Cerrado biome. Using satellite imagery and econometric analysis of operations between 2016 and 2018, the study finds that the credit's impact on pasture recovery is modest, with severe degradation remaining largely unchanged and some pasture being converted to crops rather than recovered. The report highlights the critical role of technical assistance and soil type in achieving results and suggests that the program contributed minimally to the ABC Plan's 2020 recovery targets.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) evaluates the effectiveness of the 'ABC Recuperação' credit line, a subsidized financing instrument designed to restore degraded pastures in Brazil. Focusing on the Cerrado biome for operations between 2016 and 2018, the study uses satellite imagery and econometric analysis to determine if the credit led to actual pasture recovery or land-use changes. The findings indicate that the credit's impact is modest, with little evidence of recovery in severely degraded areas and a tendency for the credit to facilitate the conversion of high-vigor pastures into agriculture rather than restoring low-vigor ones.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the regulatory and governance challenges of legal deforestation in Brazil, with a specific focus on the Matopiba region. It examines the issuance of Vegetation Suppression Authorizations (ASV) and the effectiveness of the National System for the Control of the Origin of Forest Products (Sinaflor), concluding that current tools are insufficient for monitoring and controlling legal deforestation.

This document is an annex listing the federal and state legislation consulted for a 2024 report titled "ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL?" (Where are we in the implementation of the Forest Code?). It provides a comprehensive bibliography of laws, decrees, normative instructions, and resolutions related to the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA) across various Brazilian states.

The 2023 report on the Brazilian Forest Code implementation highlights a significant but uneven leap in CAR analysis and PRA regulation across states. While automated tools have accelerated progress in states like Mato Grosso do Sul and Pará, a critical bottleneck remains: only 2.7% of national registrations have completed analysis, largely due to the high volume of required data rectifications and communication failures with property owners. Political shifts in CAR management between federal ministries have added uncertainty, though subnational leadership continues to drive implementation.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes forest replacement (reposição florestal) mechanisms in the Matopiba region (Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia) of the Brazilian Cerrado. It evaluates current modalities—direct planting, replacement credits, and cash payments—and proposes innovative management tools based on case studies from other Brazilian states and federal initiatives to improve environmental restoration outcomes.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes forest replenishment (reposição florestal) legislation in the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado biomes. It argues that current implementation is outdated, focusing on biomass supply for markets rather than ecological compensation for biodiversity loss, and highlights significant failures in the management of replenishment funds and recent legislative setbacks in Goiás.

This research paper by the Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes deforestation and land tenure in the Amazon biome from 2012 to 2021. It identifies critical areas for public intervention and proposes a coordinated strategy between the Brazilian federal and state governments, focusing on rural settlements, the implementation of the Forest Code on private lands, and the territorial zoning of undesignated public areas.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes deforestation and land tenure in the Amazon biome from 2012 to 2021 to identify priority areas for government action. It emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts between the Brazilian federal and state governments, highlighting that federal public areas and private properties were the primary sites of forest loss. The report recommends specific strategies: the federal government should focus on rural settlements and undesignated public forests, while state governments should prioritize the implementation of the Forest Code on private lands.