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This document summarizes a practitioners' workshop held on December 6, 2019, in Madrid during COP25. The event, organized by the EU REDD Facility, Climate Policy Initiative (CPI), and UNDP, focused on the tools, methodologies, and challenges associated with mapping and tracking domestic climate finance to support national climate strategies and Paris Agreement objectives.

This research paper discusses the environmental cost of Brazil's agricultural expansion and proposes four coordinated strategies to increase production and social welfare while reducing deforestation.

This report by the NewClimate Institute assesses the potential for seven specific countries to increase their greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets to align with the Paris Agreement's goals of limiting global warming to well below 2°C and pursuing 1.5°C.

This policy brief by the NewClimate Institute presents national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction targets for 2030 and 2050 aligned with the Paris Agreement's temperature goals. It compares two distinct methodologies for distributing these targets: fairness-based approaches, derived from Climate Action Tracker evaluations, and cost-effectiveness approaches, based on marginal abatement cost curves.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code (Law 12.651/2012) across Brazilian states, focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA). It evaluates state-level regulations, the progress of CAR validation, and the operational status of PRAs, highlighting significant regional disparities in progress and the technical challenges facing state environmental agencies.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines government support for fuel consumption in the fisheries sector, analyzing data from the OECD and WTO. It highlights the prevalence of fuel tax concessions and direct price support across both OECD and non-OECD economies, while noting significant gaps in transparency and notification within WTO frameworks.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development argues that BRICS governments must prepare their budgets for a fiscal transition as the clean energy transition reduces revenues from fossil fuel production and consumption.

This case study, part of a larger report on BRICS nations, analyzes the fiscal relationship between the Brazilian government and fossil fuels, focusing on revenue dependence and the impact of subsidies.

This technical note by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and NAPC/PUC-Rio analyzes the changes introduced by Decree No. 9,760/2019 to the rules for converting environmental fines into environmental services in Brazil. The document details the evolution of federal legislation, the specific modifications to the conversion process, and the remaining regulatory gaps that hinder the full implementation of the conversion program.

This policy brief argues that Brazil's satellite-based monitoring (DETER) and law enforcement (IBAMA) system is a highly cost-effective tool that prevented an average of 27,000 km² of deforestation per year between 2007 and 2016. The document demonstrates that these measures do not hinder agricultural production and avoid nearly 1 billion tCO2 emissions annually. It warns that a proposed 50% budget cut for 2020 could increase deforestation by 45% and recommends strengthening federal financial and institutional support for these systems.

This policy brief argues that Brazil's satellite-based monitoring (DETER) and law enforcement (IBAMA) are highly effective and cost-efficient tools for fighting deforestation. Between 2007 and 2016, these systems avoided the loss of 27,000 km2 of forest per year and nearly 1 billion tCO2 of emissions annually. The authors emphasize that these measures do not harm agricultural production and warn that a proposed 50% budget cut for 2020 could increase deforestation by 45%.

This white paper examines the inverse relationship between pastureland size and cattle productivity in Brazil. It finds that higher land prices and better access to capital incentivize ranchers to intensify production or switch to crops, thereby reducing the need for forest clearing. The authors recommend policies that combat illegal deforestation, remove bottlenecks to agricultural modernization, and improve credit access to promote sustainable beef production.

This white paper by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the relationship between livestock productivity and pasture area in Brazil. It argues that increasing productivity is essential to grow meat production without further deforestation in the Amazon and Cerrado, identifying a negative correlation where smaller pasture proportions often relate to higher productivity.

This research paper evaluates the effectiveness of Brazil's DETER satellite-based monitoring system in reducing deforestation in the Amazon between 2006 and 2016. Using an instrumental variable approach based on cloud coverage, the authors find that targeted environmental law enforcement significantly curbed forest clearing without negatively impacting local agricultural production.

This fact sheet details a USD 450 million private placement green bond issued by AES Gener (a subsidiary of AES Corporation) on October 7, 2019, to finance renewable energy activities including wind, solar, and battery storage.

The Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and PUC-Rio are implementing a project (July 2019 – December 2020) to improve the socio-environmental and economic risk assessment of infrastructure projects in the Amazon. By combining economic and regulatory analysis, the project seeks to integrate these variables during the feasibility study phase to reduce environmental and social impacts and improve government planning processes.

This technical note explains the changes brought by Law 13.887/2019 to the Brazilian Forest Code, specifically regarding the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA). It highlights that while CAR registration is now permanent, a December 31, 2020, deadline exists for those wishing to access the more flexible regularization rules of the PRA. It also clarifies that CAR registration remains mandatory for accessing rural credit.

This technical briefing analyzes Law 13.887/2019, which amends the Brazilian Forest Code (Law 12.651/2012) regarding the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA). The law removes the final deadline for CAR registration, making it a permanent registry, but establishes a critical deadline of December 31, 2020, for producers to register if they wish to access the more flexible regularization rules of the PRA. The document highlights remaining uncertainties, such as the starting point for the two-year PRA adhesion window and the potential legal conflicts arising from a proposed federal PRA for states that fail to implement their own by the end of 2020.

This technical note by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and the Núcleo de Avaliação de Políticas Climáticas da PUC-Rio (NAPC) argues for an integrated approach to several bills currently under discussion in the Brazilian National Congress. The authors contend that treating infrastructure and environmental licensing legislation in isolation risks creating contradictory rules and missing opportunities to improve project quality and investment security.

This briefing describes the 'Sustainable Infrastructure in the Amazon' project, an initiative by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The project aims to integrate socio-environmental risk assessments into the decision-making and lifecycle of infrastructure projects in Brazil, specifically focusing on the Amazon region, to ensure economic growth does not compromise vital ecosystem services.